scholarly journals Serum Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase-Interacting Multifunctional Protein-1 Can Predict Severe Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis: A Pilot Monocentric Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Soo Ahn ◽  
Jin-Ock Kim ◽  
Taejun Yoon ◽  
Jason Jungsik Song ◽  
Yong-Beom Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Trna Synthetase ◽  
Aminoacyl Trna Synthetase ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multifunctional Protein ◽  
Protein Levels

We investigated whether serum aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase-interacting multifunctional protein-1 (AIMP1) could predict severe cases of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) based on the Birmingham vasculitis activity score (BVAS). Sixty-one patients with AAV were selected for inclusion from our prospective AAV cohort. AAV-specific indices and clinical manifestations were assessed, and laboratory tests were performed on the day of blood sampling. Patients with severe AAV were defined as those with a BVAS higher than the lower limit of the highest tertile of BVAS (BVAS ≥ 12). We measured serum AIMP1 levels of the stored serum samples. A total of 20 (32.8%) and 41 (67.2%) patients were classified as having severe and nonsevere AAV according to the cut-off of BVAS ≥ 12. Patients with severe AAV showed higher frequencies of general and renal manifestations, along with ANCA positivity, and exhibited a higher mean neutrophil count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein levels, but lower mean haemoglobin and serum albumin levels than those with nonsevere AAV. The mean serum AIMP1 level in patients with severe AAV was significantly higher than that of patients with nonsevere AIMP1 (351.1 vs. 98.4 pg/mL, p = 0.006). Multivariate logistic regression analysis including variables showing significance in univariate analyses revealed that only serum AIMP1 exhibited a significant association with severe AAV (odds ratio 1.004, p = 0.031). When we set the optimal cut-off of serum AIMP1 for severe AAV to 50.28 pg/mL, patients with severe AAV more frequently had AIMP1 levels above the cut-off than those with nonsevere AAV (80.0% vs. 31.7%, relative risk 8.615, p < 0.001). The results from our study suggest that serum AIMP1 can be used to estimate the cross-sectional severe AAV population based on the BVAS.

Adult systemic lupus erythematosus in Egypt: The nation-wide spectrum of 3661 patients and world-wide standpoint

Lupus ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 096120332110142
Author(s):  
Tamer A Gheita ◽  
Rasha Abdel Noor ◽  
Esam Abualfadl ◽  
Osama S Abousehly ◽  
Iman I El-Gazzar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective The aim of this study was to present the epidemiology, clinical manifestations and treatment pattern of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in Egyptian patients over the country and compare the findings to large cohorts worldwide. Objectives were extended to focus on the age at onset and gender driven influence on the disease characteristics. Patients and method This population-based, multicenter, cross-sectional study included 3661 adult SLE patients from Egyptian rheumatology departments across the nation. Demographic, clinical, and therapeutic data were assessed for all patients. Results The study included 3661 patients; 3296 females and 365 males (9.03:1) and the median age was 30 years (17–79 years), disease duration 4 years (0–75 years) while the median age at disease onset was 25 years (4–75 years). The overall estimated prevalence of adult SLE in Egypt was 6.1/100,000 population (1.2/100,000 males and 11.3/100,000 females).There were 316 (8.6%) juvenile-onset (Jo-SLE) and 3345 adult-onset (Ao-SLE). Age at onset was highest in South and lowest in Cairo (p < 0.0001). Conclusion SLE in Egypt had a wide variety of clinical and immunological manifestations, with some similarities with that in other nations and differences within the same country. The clinical characteristics, autoantibodies and comorbidities are comparable between Ao-SLE and Jo-SLE. The frequency of various clinical and immunological manifestations varied between gender. Additional studies are needed to determine the underlying factors contributing to gender and age of onset differences.

scholarly journals Clinical manifestations of chikungunya among university professors and staff in Santo Domingo, the Dominican Republic

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A Zingman ◽  
Amarilis Then Paulino ◽  
Matilde Peguero Payano
Keyword(s):  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Santo Domingo ◽  
Phase Duration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
University Professors ◽  
Convenience Sample

Objective. To further characterize chikungunya virus infection and its associated clinical manifestations, using a sample of university professors and staff in Santo Domingo, the Dominican Republic. Methods. A cross-sectional study with quota sampling by department was performed to obtain a convenience sample of professors (n = 736) and staff (n = 499) at the Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo. Surveys were used to collect demographic and infection data during the fall term of 2014. Univariate and bivariate analyses were carried out to quantify infection and clinical manifestation prevalence and to assess relationships of these outcomes with age, sex, and acute phase duration. Results. Of 1 236 participants, 49% reported infection (professors = 41%; staff = 61%). Of these, 53% also reported the presence of chronic effects, largely arthralgia (48%). Significant relationships were observed between reported infection and sex (P = 0.023), age (P < 0.001), and occupation (P < 0.001). More headache (P = 0.008) and edema (P < 0.001) in females, more headache (P = 0.005) in younger subjects, and more myalgia (P = 0.006) in those with longer acute symptoms were found. Additionally, more chronic arthralgia (P < 0.001; P = 0.003) and chronic edema (P < 0.001; P = 0.001) in females and older subjects, and more chronic myalgia (P = 0.041) and chronic edema (P = 0.037) in those with longer acute symptoms were observed. Conclusions. To the authors knowledge, this is the first population-based chikungunya prevalence study in the Dominican Republic, and the first to explore clinical manifestations in a university setting. The findings reflect results from studies following the 2005 – 2006 Reunion Island outbreak: prevalence of infection and chronic arthralgia, as well as associations with sex, age, and acute intensity. Longitudinal research can provide further insight into these effects.

Association between cardiometabolic index and stroke: A population-based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng-E Li ◽  
Yi Yang ◽  
Zhen-Ni Guo ◽  
Yun Luo ◽  
Fu-Liang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Discrimination Ability ◽  
Cardiometabolic Index

Background: Cardiometabolic index (CMI) is associated with several risk factors for stroke; however, few studies have assessed the role of CMI in stroke risk. Objective: This study aimed to assess the association between CMI and stroke in a population-based cross-sectional study. Methods: This study included 4445 general residents aged ≥40 years selected by multistage stratified random cluster sampling. CMI was calculated as the product of the ratio of waist circumference to height (WHtR) and the ratio of triglyceride levels to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (TG/HDL-C). Participants were categorized according to CMI quartiles: quartile 1 (Q1), quartile 2 (Q2), quartile 3 (Q3), and quartile 4 (Q4). Multivariate logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the association between CMI and stroke. Results: A total of 4052 participants were included in the study, with an overall stroke prevalence of 7.2%. The prevalence of stroke increased with CMI quartiles, ranging from 4.4% to 9.2% (p for trend <0.001). Compared with Q1, stroke risk for Q2, Q3, and Q4 were 1.550-, 1.693-, and 1.704- fold, respectively. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) [95% CI] was (0.574 [0.558−0.589]) for CMI, 0.627 [0.612−0.642]) (p=0.0024) for WHtR, 0.556 [0.540−0.571]) (p<0.0001) for TG/HDL-C. CMI was inferior to WHtR, but CMI had marginal advantage over TG/HDL-C in terms of its stroke discrimination ability. Conclusion: Although there was a strong and independent association between CMI and stroke in the general population, CMI had limited discriminating ability for stroke. Thus, new parameters should be developed.

scholarly journals Influence of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase complex-interacting multifunctional protein 1 on epithelial differentiation and organization during lung development

2020 ◽  
Vol 319 (2) ◽  
pp. L369-L379
Author(s):  
Daniel D. Lee ◽  
Alexandra Hochstetler ◽  
Eric Sah ◽  
Haiming Xu ◽  
Chinn-Woan Lowe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Actin Cytoskeleton ◽  
Cross Talk ◽  
Lung Development ◽  
Trna Synthetase ◽  
Cell Junctions ◽  
Aminoacyl Trna Synthetase ◽  
Multifunctional Protein ◽  
Cell Cell

Proper development of the respiratory bronchiole and alveolar epithelium proceeds through coordinated cross talk between the interface of epithelium and neighboring mesenchyme. Signals that facilitate and coordinate the cross talk as the bronchial forming canalicular stage transitions to construction of air-exchanging capillary-alveoli niche in the alveolar stage are poorly understood. Expressed within this decisive region, levels of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase complex-interacting multifunctional protein 1 (AIMP1) inversely correlate with the maturation of the lung. The present study addresses the role of AIMP1 in lung development through the generation and characterization of Aimp1−/− mutant mice. Mating of Aimp1+/− produced offspring in expected Mendelian ratios throughout embryonic development. However, newborn Aimp1−/− pups exhibited neonatal lethality with mild cyanosis. Imaging both structure and ultrastructure of Aimp1−/− lungs showed disorganized bronchial epithelium, decreased type I but not type II cell differentiation, increased distal vessels, and disruption of E-cadherin deposition in cell-cell junctions. Supporting the in vivo findings of disrupted epithelial cell-cell junctions, in vitro biochemical experiments show that a portion of AIMP1 binds to phosphoinositides, the lipid anchor of proteins that have a fundamental role in both cellular membrane and actin cytoskeleton organization; a dramatic disruption in F-actin cytoskeleton was observed in Aimp1−/− mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Such observed structural defects may lead to disrupted cell-cell boundaries. Together, these results suggest a requirement of AIMP1 in epithelial cell differentiation in proper lung development.

scholarly journals Clinical manifestations of skin, lung and muscle diseases in dermatomyositis positive for anti‐aminoacyl tRNA synthetase antibodies

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 886-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroko Fukamatsu ◽  
Yoji Hirai ◽  
Tomoko Miyake ◽  
Tatsuya Kaji ◽  
Shin Morizane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Trna Synthetase ◽  
Aminoacyl Trna Synthetase ◽  
Muscle Diseases

scholarly journals Development of an E2 ELISA Methodology to Assess Chikungunya Seroprevalence in Patients from an Endemic Region of Mexico

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Chan Kim ◽  
César López-Camacho ◽  
Nallely Garcia-Larragoiti ◽  
Alan Cano-Mendez ◽  
Karina Guadalupe Hernandez-Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Infection ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Elisa Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Epidemiological Information

Chikungunya fever is a debilitating disease caused by Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) that can result in long-lasting arthralgias. The early diagnosis of CHIKV relies on PCR during the acute infection phase to allow differential diagnosis with other co-circulating arboviruses such as dengue and Zika. Alternatively, serology can support diagnosis and provide epidemiological information on current and past outbreaks. Many commercial serological ELISA assays are based on the inactivated whole CHIKV, but their sensitivity and specificity show great variability. We produced recombinant CHIKV E2 that is suitable for ELISA assays, which was used for the serodiagnosis of CHIKV infections occurring in an arbovirus endemic Mexican region within Michoacán state. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016–2017; sera was obtained from 15 healthy donors and 68 patients presenting undifferentiated febrile illness. Serum samples were screened by RT-PCR and by our in-house ELISA assay. Our results indicate that IgM and IgG anti-CHIKV E2 antibodies were detected with our ELISA assay with higher sensitivity than a commercially available CHIKV ELISA kit. Our simple and sensitive ELISA assay for the serodiagnosis of CHIKV infections can be applied to population-based seroprevalence surveys and has potential for monitoring vaccine immunogenicity in CHIKV vaccine clinical trials.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with underweight children: a population-based subnational analysis from Pakistan

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e028972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Kumar ◽  
Faisal Abbas ◽  
Tahir Mahmood ◽  
Ratana Somrongthong
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Birth Order ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Children Under 5

ObjectivesThis study aims to determine the prevalence of and factors associated with underweight children under the age of 5 in Punjab, Pakistan.DesignWe analysed cross-sectional household-level subnationally representative Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey.SettingsPunjab province, Pakistan.Participants24 042 children under 5 years of age.Data analysisMultilevel multivariate logistic regression analysis.ResultsPrevalence of moderately and severely underweight children was found to be (33.3% and 11.3%, respectively). Multivariate multilevel logistic regression results show that as the child grows older the likelihood of the child being underweight increases significantly (eg, children between 12 and 23 months are one and half times more likely to be underweight, whereas children between the ages of 36 and 47 months are two and a half times more likely to be underweight). Gender was found to be another significant factor contributing to underweight prevalence among children under the age of 5. The likelihood of a girl child being underweight is more than that of a boy child being underweight (OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.8 to 1.0). Similarly, a child whose birth order is three or more is two times more likely to be underweight (OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.5 to 2.5) relative to a child of a lower birth order. Moreover, diarrhoea also significantly increases the likelihood of the child being underweight (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.1 to 1.5). Child size is another determinant for underweight prevalence among children under 5, for example, a child with a size smaller than average at the time of birth is 2.7 times more likely to be moderately underweight than a child with an average or larger than average size at the time of birth.ConclusionRigorous community-based interventions should be developed and executed throughout the province to improve this grave situation of underweight prevalence in Punjab. Mother’s education should be uplifted by providing them formal education and providing awareness about the importance of proper nutrition for children.

scholarly journals Functional Fragments of AIMP1-Derived Peptide (AdP) and Optimized Hydrosol for Their Topical Deposition by Box-Behnken Design

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong-Jun Lee ◽  
Young-Min Han ◽  
Tae-Wan Kwon ◽  
Dong Hyun Kim ◽  
Han Sol Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Topical Delivery ◽  
Trna Synthetase ◽  
Functional Domain ◽  
Aminoacyl Trna Synthetase ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
Multifunctional Protein ◽  
Domain Mapping ◽  
Cosmetic Formulation ◽  
Near Infrared Fluorescence Imaging

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase complex-interacting multifunctional protein 1 (AIMP1)-derived peptide (AdP) has been developed as a cosmeceutical ingredient for skin anti-aging given its fibroblast-activating (FA) and melanocyte-inhibiting (MI) functions. However, a suitable strategy for the topical delivery of AdP was required due to its low-permeable properties. In this study, FA and MI domains of AdP (FA-AdP and MI-AdP, respectively) were determined by functional domain mapping, where the activities of several fragments of AdP on fibroblast and melanocyte were tested, and a hydrosol-based topical delivery system for these AdP fragments was prepared. The excipient composition of the hydrosol was optimized to maximize the viscosity and drying rate by using Box-Behnken design. The artificial skin deposition of FA-AdP-loaded hydrosol was evaluated using Keshary-Chien diffusion cells equipped with Strat-M membrane (STM). The quantification of the fluorescent dye-tagged FA-AdP in STM was carried out by near-infrared fluorescence imaging. The optimized hydrosol showed 127-fold higher peptide deposition in STM than free FA-AdP (p < 0.05). This work suggests that FA- and MI-AdP are active-domains for anti-wrinkle and whitening activities, respectively, and the hydrosol could be used as a promising cosmetic formulation for the delivery of AdPs to the skin.

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