scholarly journals Experimental Abdominal Sepsis: Sticking to an Awkward but Still Useful Translational Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Murando ◽  
Andrea Peloso ◽  
Lorenzo Cobianchi
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Abdominal Sepsis ◽  
Translational Model ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Abdominal Infections

Animal models are widely used to replicate human intra-abdominal infections. Different methodologies have been described and proposed in the scientific literature, including injection and surgical models. The aim of this review is to recapitulate the advantages and disadvantages of each method to help choose the most appropriate model for individual experimental purposes.

Design process for serious activities inspired by play and games: a problem solving with a board game from disengamement and gamification processes (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphane Goria ◽  
Louise Dupet ◽  
Maëva Négroni ◽  
Gabriel Sega ◽  
Philippe Arnoux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Serious Games ◽  
Diagnostic Method ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Board Game ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Design Result

BACKGROUND most serious games and other game-based tools are designed as digital games or escape games. They are designed for learning or sometimes in the field of medicine as an aid to care. However, they can also be seen as an aid to research, in our case, to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of imaging techniques for cancer detection. OBJECTIVE we present a case study of action research on the design of a serious board game intended to consider the advantages and weaknesses of a diagnostic method in a different ways. The goal was to better understand the principles of designing a tool using game or play. METHODS we explicitly implemented another process than gamification to develop a structure reminiscent of the game to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of different imaging techniques from the point of view of the respondents (in this case specialists not directly involved in the project). Based on this feedback and the scientific literature on this subject, we detail the main categories of games and games developed for serious use in order to understand their differences. Concerning the cancer research part to which game contributes, our method is based on questions asked to experts and practitioners of this specialty. RESULTS an expert point of view translation tool in the form of a game has been realized to apprehend a research in a different way. CONCLUSIONS we show with the help of a diagram, some possible design paths leading to this type of design result including two hidden dimensions to consider (the awareness of the game or play by the "player" and his role as a contributor or recipient).

scholarly journals Animal Models of Colorectal Cancer: From Spontaneous to Genetically Engineered Models and Their Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Elisabete Nascimento-Gonçalves ◽  
Bruno A.L. Mendes ◽  
Rita Silva-Reis ◽  
Ana I. Faustino-Rocha ◽  
Adelina Gama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Gastrointestinal Malignancies ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Colon Cancer Progression

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common gastrointestinal malignancies in humans, affecting approximately 1.8 million people worldwide. This disease has a major social impact and high treatment costs. Animal models allow us to understand and follow the colon cancer progression; thus, in vivo studies are essential to improve and discover new ways of prevention and treatment. Dietary natural products have been under investigation for better and natural prevention, envisioning to show their potential. This manuscript intends to provide the readers a review of rodent colorectal cancer models available in the literature, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages, as well as their potential in the evaluation of several drugs and natural compounds’ effects on colorectal cancer.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Type 2 Diabetic Rodent Models

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang-wei Wang ◽  
Guang-dong Sun ◽  
Jing Sun ◽  
Shu-jun Liu ◽  
Ji Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Diabetes mellitus, especially type 2 diabetes (T2DM), is one of the most common chronic diseases and continues to increase in numbers with large proportion of health care budget being used. Many animal models have been established in order to investigate the mechanisms and pathophysiologic progress of T2DM and find effective treatments for its complications. On the basis of their strains, features, advantages, and disadvantages, various types of animal models of T2DM can be divided into spontaneously diabetic models, artificially induced diabetic models, and transgenic/knockout diabetic models. Among these models, the spontaneous rodent models are used more frequently because many of them can closely describe the characteristic features of T2DM, especially obesity and insulin resistance. In this paper, we aim to investigate the current available spontaneous rodent models for T2DM with regard to their characteristic features, advantages, and disadvantages, and especially to describe appropriate selection and usefulness of different spontaneous rodent models in testing of various new antidiabetic drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) for the Assessment of Renewable Energy Technologies in a Household: A Review

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indre Siksnelyte-Butkiene ◽  
Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas ◽  
Dalia Streimikiene
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Multiple Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Renewable Energy Technologies ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Depth Analysis

Different power generation technologies have different advantages and disadvantages. However, if compared to traditional energy sources, renewable energy sources provide a possibility to solve the climate change and economic decarbonization issues that are so relevant today. Therefore, the analysis and evaluation of renewable energy technologies has been receiving increasing attention in the politics of different countries and the scientific literature. The household sector consumes almost one third of all energy produced, thus studies on the evaluation of renewable energy production technologies in households are very important. This article reviews the scientific literature that have used multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods as a key tool to evaluate renewable energy technologies in households. The findings of the conducted research are categorized according to the objectives pursued and the criteria on which the evaluation was based are discussed. The article also provides an overview and in-depth analysis of MCDM methods and distinguishes the main advantages and disadvantages of using them to evaluate technologies in households.

scholarly journals Closest and long-term prospects of 3D-printing for obstetrics and gynecology

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-81
Author(s):  
E. V. Kudryavtseva ◽  
V. V. Kovalev ◽  
E. S. Zakurinova ◽  
G. Muller-Kamskii ◽  
V. V. Popov
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Surgical Instruments ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynecology ◽  
Scientific Review ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Dimensional Printing

Introduction. Despite the notable and rapid progress in the development of medical 3D printing in recent years, not much is known about the use of this technology in obstetrics and gynecology.The purpose of our review of scientific literature was to determine the current level of 3D printing development, discuss the closest and long term prospects for using this technology in obstetrics and gynecology, and analyze its potential advantages and disadvantages.Materials and methods. We searched for scientific literature. 378 papers passed a three-step screening, as a result of which 42 sources were selected for the final scientific review.Results and discussion. The main areas in which dimensional printing can be used in this area of medicine is the creation of simulation models and training for students, the creation of anatomical models for preoperative preparation, the surgical instruments, the creation of new dosage drug forms (including transvaginal ones), and bioprinting of organs and tissues.Conclusion. The presented literary review allows us to conclude that 3D printing the obstetrics and gynecology is a current rapidly developing direction. The organization of 3D modeling and printing laboratories can significantly increase the efficiency of teaching students and residents. In addition, obstetricians-gynecologists and surgeons should be informed about the possibility of 3D printing surgical instruments according to an individual design. It can inspire them to implement their own ideas and develop domestic innovative developments. Three-dimensional printing of dosage forms and bioprostheses requires more complex technological solutions, and is not yet used in clinical practice. However, given the enormous prospects for these areas, various grants should be envisaged for their development in Russia

Macrovascular Disease in Diabetes: Is the Mouse a Suitable Model?

2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (04) ◽  
pp. 194-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Müller ◽  
H. Katus ◽  
J. Backs
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Macrovascular Disease ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Diabetic Vascular Complications

AbstractTo elucidate the pathogenesis of macrovascular disease in diabetes, animal models are widely used. Diabetic mice are of particular interest because they can be crossed to knockout mice lacking specific genes that are under consideration to contribute to diabetic vascular complications. However, the mouse is relative resistant to develop atherosclerosis. Therefore, we review some commonly used mouse models and discuss their advantages and disadvantages.

Methods for making animal models of retinal vein occlusion

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-169
Author(s):  
Mei Sun ◽  
◽  
Li-Ke Xie ◽  
Qi Jin ◽  
Shi-Hui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Retinal Vein Occlusion ◽  
Visual Loss ◽  
Neovascular Glaucoma ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Vein Occlusion ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Flow Stasis ◽  
Central Retinal Vein

Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is divided into branch retinal vein occlusion and central retinal vein occlusion. It is characterized by retinal vein dilatation and tortuosity, blood flow stasis, bleeding and edema. It is often accompanied by macular edema (ME) and neovascularization. Neovascular glaucoma is the most serious complications. RVO is the second most common cause of visual loss classified under retinal vascular disorders after diabetic retinopathy. So far, the number of patients suffering from retinal vein occlusion has increased, but the pathogenesis of retinal vein occlusion has not been fully understood and there are no treatments that are very long-lasting. The research of animal models on the pathogenesis and treatment of the RVO is very important. Therefore, this article gives a briefly review to the animals and model making methods used in retinal vein occlusion experiments, and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of various RVO animal models.

scholarly journals CRISPR-Generated Animal Models of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Rowel Q. Lim ◽  
Quynh Nguyen ◽  
Kasia Dzierlega ◽  
Yiqing Huang ◽  
Toshifumi Yokota
Keyword(s):  
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Mechanical Stress ◽  
Muscle Cell ◽  
Neuromuscular Disorder ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Short Palindromic Repeat ◽  
Dmd Gene

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal X-linked recessive neuromuscular disorder most commonly caused by mutations disrupting the reading frame of the dystrophin (DMD) gene. DMD codes for dystrophin, which is critical for maintaining the integrity of muscle cell membranes. Without dystrophin, muscle cells receive heightened mechanical stress, becoming more susceptible to damage. An active body of research continues to explore therapeutic treatments for DMD as well as to further our understanding of the disease. These efforts rely on having reliable animal models that accurately recapitulate disease presentation in humans. While current animal models of DMD have served this purpose well to some extent, each has its own limitations. To help overcome this, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-based technology has been extremely useful in creating novel animal models for DMD. This review focuses on animal models developed for DMD that have been created using CRISPR, their advantages and disadvantages as well as their applications in the DMD field.

Evaluation of the clinical relevance and limitations of current pre-clinical models of peripheral artery disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smriti Murali Krishna ◽  
Safraz Mohamed Omer ◽  
Jonathan Golledge
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Peripheral Artery Disease ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Peripheral Artery ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Clinical Models ◽  
Artery Disease

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) has recognized treatment deficiencies requiring the discovery of novel interventions. This article describes current animal models of PAD and discusses their advantages and disadvantages. There is a need for models which more directly simulate the characteristics of human PAD, such as acute-on-chronic presentation, presence of established risk factors and impairment of physical activity.

scholarly journals Murine models provide insight to the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. Reid ◽  
B. Eksteen
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

AbstractAssociated with the obesity epidemic, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the leading liver disease in North America. Approximately 30 % of patients with NAFLD may develop non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) that can lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Frequently animal models are used to help identify underlying factors contributing to NAFLD including insulin resistance, dysregulated lipid metabolism and mitochondrial stress. However, studying the inflammatory, progressive nature of NASH in the context of obesity has proven to be a challenge in mice. Although the development of effective treatment strategies for NAFLD and NASH is gaining momentum, the field is hindered by a lack of a concise animal model that reflects the development of liver disease during obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Therefore, selecting an animal model to study NAFLD or NASH must be done carefully to ensure the optimal application. The most widely used animal models have been reviewed highlighting their advantages and disadvantages to studying NAFLD and NASH specifically in the context of obesity.

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