scholarly journals Antioviposition and Reduction of Callosobruchus chinensis Pic. 1902 (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) Emergence on Phaseolus vulgaris by Dioscorea sansibarensis Powder and Its Chemical Composition

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Godfrey O. Mauti ◽  
Peter F. Kasigwa ◽  
Joan J. E. Munissi ◽  
Justus M. Onguso
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Storage Insects ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
Rf Values ◽  
Bioassay Data ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Callosobruchus chinensis causes damage to the Phaseolus vulgaris seeds. Traditionally, Dioscorea sansibarensis serves as a medicinal plant. Naturally, D. sansibarensis has toxins that protect against herbivores and the surrounding invasive plants in its natural habitat. Phytochemical analysis by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and laboratory experiments was carried out to determine the activity of D. sansibarensis leaves, bulbils, and yams powders on antioviposition and inhibition of the F1 emergence of C. chinensis. Bioassay data were subjected to nonparametric (Kolmogorov–Smirnov) statistical analysis and a generalized linear model at P ≤ 0.05 . Statistically, the powders had an antioviposition activity of 34.3% (R2 = 0.343). A recommendable activity on antioviposition was displayed by the yams powder; treatment by 0.8 g of yams powder had a Wald Chi-Square value of 1.291, P = 0.26 . Inhibition of F1 emergence was significantly attained by the yams powder; the treatment by 0.6 g of yams powder had a Wald Chi-Square value of 7.72, P = 0.01 . Statistically, the bulbils powder displayed low antioviposition and inhibition of F1 emergence. Observations on the TLC exposed compounds with similar Rf values; saponin with an Rf value of 0.72 was portrayed in the leaves, bulbils, and yams. A terpenoid and a flavonoid with Rf values of 0.37 and 0.71, respectively, were observed in bulbils and yams but absent in leaves. A terpenoid with an Rf value of 0.49 was visualized in leaves and bulbils but not in the yams powder. The study concluded that the D. sansibarensis yams and leaves powders are viable for application by the farmers in the protection of stored legumes against attack by C. chinensis. However, there may be other diverse interests in other storage insects and other methods of phytochemical analysis that have not been investigated.

FINGER PRINTING ANALYSIS OF THE PHENOLS FROM HOLOPTELEA INTEGRIFOLIA (ROXB.) PLANT LEAVES USING HPTLC

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (09) ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
R. C. Sutar ◽  
◽  
D. S Musmade
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Finger Printing ◽  
Rf Values ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Tungsten Lamp

The present study was conducted to identify the phenols from methanol extracts (MHI) of medicinally and economically useful leaves of Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb.) plant using High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPLC) technique. Preliminary phytochemical screening was done and HPTLC studies were carried out on CAMAG HPTLC system equipped with Linomat V applicator (Switzerland). Densitometric scanning was performed with Camag TLC scanner IV in the reflectance absorbance mode at 540 nm and operated by Win CATS software (1.4.6 Camag) with the help of tungsten lamp. Preliminary phytochemical screening of methanolic extract of Holoptelea integrifolia showed the presence of steroids, alkaloids, flavonoids, proteins, phenols and carbohydrates. HPT LC finger printing of phenols of methanolic extract of leaf revealed seven polyvalent phytoconstituents (7 peaks) and corresponding ascending order of Rf values in the range of 0.15 to 0.75. From the results of preliminary phytochemical analysis and above Rf values, we have concluded the presence of phenols in methanol extracts.

scholarly journals Potency of Dioscorea sansibarensis (Dioscoreaceae) Leaf Eluates on Callosobruchus chinensis, Linnaeus 1758 (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) in the Protection of Phaseolus vulgaris (Fabaceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 1330-1337
Author(s):  
Godfrey Mauti
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
Generalized Linear Model ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Vacuum Liquid Chromatography

Post-harvest losses of stored Phaseolus vulgaris to the bean weevil Callosobruchus chinensis have reached levels of significant concern. Governments and health organisations propose the discovery of reliable,  healthy and biodegradable pesticides with higher selectivity and a broad spectrum. This study presents investigations on the activities of Dioscorea sansibarensis leaf extracts on the mortality of C. chinensis and reduction of their egg-laying ability. Laboratory experiments under Completely Randomized Design (CRD) were carried out to determine the mortality and anti-oviposition activity of the vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) eluates of n-hexane (HE), chloroform (CE), ethyl acetate (EE), n-butanol (BE) and methanol (BE) at different concentrations. Bioassay data were subjected to nonparametric statistical analysis and a generalized linear model at p = 0.05. Statistical results showed that the VLC eluates had a mortality activity of 88.01% (R2 = 0.8801). Treatment by 0.025 g of HE and 0.075 g of CE had 9.60 and 11.50, respectively at p = 0.181. These mortality records were high as to 0.1 g of ME, 0.05 g of EE and 0.075 g of BE that recorded 8.55, 8.45 and 7.80, respectively. Treatments by 0.05 g of CE, 0.025 g of HE, 0.05 g of EE and the positive control recorded mortality of 10.50, 9.60, 8.45 and 8.35, respectively. The highest mortality was observed in the treatment by 0.075 g of HE and 0.1 g of HE with 12.85 and 13.70, respectively at p = 0.377. The VLC eluates had an anti-oviposition activity of 24.98% (R2 = 0.2498) on the C. chinensis. The generalized linear model reported Wald Chi-Square values of 4.363; p = 0.037, 0.711; p = 0.399, 9.125; p = 0.003, 4.363; p = 0.037 on the treatment by 0.025 g of CE, 0.05 g of EE, 0.075 g of BE and 0.1 g of ME, respectively. At p = 0.051, 0.1 g of CE and the positive control attained oviposition of 89.25 and 96.75 respectively. The study presents the first documentation of the lethal activity of D. sansibarensis on the C. chinensis pulse beetle. This could help in the development of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and could help in the elimination or suppression of the infestation. Keywords: anti-oviposition, Callosobruchus chinensis, Dioscorea sansibarensis leaf, mortality, Phaseolus vulgaris, vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) eluates.

FINGER PRINTING ANALYSIS OF THE PHENOLS FROM PERGULARIA DAEMIA FORSK PLANT LEAVES AND STEM USING HPTLC

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (04) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
N G Sutar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Finger Printing ◽  
Rf Values ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Tungsten Lamp

The research study was carried out to identify the phenols from methanol extracts (MPD) of medicinally and efficiently useful leaves and stem of Pergularia daemia (Forsk) plant using High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) technique. Preliminary phytochemical screening was done and HPTLC studies were carried out. Densitometry scanning was performed in the reflectance absorbance mode at 540 nm and operated by Win CATS software with the help of tungsten lamp. Preliminary phytochemical screening of methanol extract of P. daemia shows the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, phenols and carbohydrates. HPTLC finger printing of phenols of methanolic extract of leaf and stem revealed eleven polyvalent phytoconstituents (13 and 10 peaks) and corresponding ascending order of Rf values in the range from 0.08 to 0.65 in leaf and 0.02 to 0.66 in the stem. From the result of preliminary phytochemical analysis and above Rf values from HPTLC, we have concluded the presence of phenols in methanol extracts.

scholarly journals Short communication extraction and phytochemical analysis of Hyptis spicigera leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
A. Idi ◽  
I.U. Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rf Values ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Phytochemical Constituent

Plants are recognized in the pharmaceutical industry for their broad structural diversity as well as their wide range of pharmacological activities, which is due to their biologically active compounds known as phytochemicals. The present study reports the extraction, thin layer chromatography and screening of phytochemical constituent of Hyptis spicigera leaves. The thin layer chromatography of the leave extract shows 11 bands with Rf values of 0.03, 0.06, 0.09, 0.12, 0.17, 0.19, 0.20, 0.23 and 0.31 respectively. Qualitative phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, emodins, and cardiac glycoside while phenols, tannins, terpenoids, tri terpenoids and anthraquinones were absent. The presences of these phytochemicals showed that Hyptis spicigera leaves may be useful for medicinal purpose.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL EVALUATION AND HIGH-PERFORMANCE THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY PROFILING: SAPINDUS EMARGINATUS VAHL. AND MORINDA PUBESCENS J.E.SM. BARKS EXTRACTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hariba Dhondiram Jedage ◽  
Manjunath Kp
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Flavonoid Compound ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Rf Values ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Morinda Pubescens ◽  
Layer Chromatography

ABSTRACTObjective: To identify the flavonoids high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) profiles from barks of Sapindus emarginatus Vahl.(Sapindaceae) and Morinda pubescens J.E.Sm. (Rubiaceae) by ethanol extracts.Methods: The barks of S. emarginatus Vahl. and M. pubescens J.E.Sm. extracted each separately with ethanol. Both these ethanol extracts weresubjected to preliminary phytochemical analysis. Based on phytochemical studies, the extracts obtained were subjected to HPTLC profiles for identifyand confirmation flavonoids, both these samples were compared with standard (Rutin). HPTLC analysis performed with silica gel G 60 F254 plateswith mobile phase ethyl acetate:n-butanol:formic acid:water (5:3:1:1). Detection of flavonoid compound was performed by scanning the developedplate at 254 nm.Results: Result of these both extracts shows positive tests for flavonoids. Ethanol extracts barks of S. emarginatus Vahl. and M. pubescens J.E.Sm eachwere showed bands of different Rf values with range 0.50-0.90 and standard showed bands of 0.50 Rf values.Conclusion: It can be concluded that rutin constituents of each bark extract are presents and have effective components which can be utilized as auseful herb for alleviation of various illness and disorders.Keywords: Sapindus emarginatus Vahl., Morinda pubescens J.E.Sm. Ethanol extracts, High-performance thin layer chromatography, Rutin.

scholarly journals HPTLC analysis of berberine in stem extracts of Fibraurea darshani

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 2021
Author(s):  
Sheema Dharmapal ◽  
Bindu T.K. ◽  
Elyas K.K.
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Plant Sample ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Uv Reflectance ◽  
The Family ◽  
Rf Values ◽  
Layer Chromatography

The present study is a first report on the phytochemical analysis of the plant Fibraurea darshani which is endemic to Western Ghats. The plant is a woody dioecious climber belonging to the family Menispermaceae. Preliminary phytochemical screening of methanolic extracts of the stem of F. darshani revealed the presence of secondary metabolites like alkaloids, carbohydrates, anthraquiones, terpenoids, flavonoids, phenolics, sterols etc. A simple and reproducible high performance thin layer chromatography was developed to evaluate the presence of berberine in methanol extract of stem of F. darshani. This method involves separation of compounds by HPTLC on pre-coated silica gel 60F 254 plates with a solvent system of Chloroform: Ethyl acetate: Methanol: Formic acid (4:5:4:0.3) and scanned using densitometric scanner in UV reflectance photo mode at 254 and 366nm. The Rf values (0.97) for berberine in the plant sample and the reference standard were found comparable under UV light at 366nm. The HPTLC method developed was simple, accurate and specific.

OPTIMIZATION OF THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY METHODS FOR SEPARATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF ANTIDEPRESSANTS IN THEIR MIXTURE

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Daiva Kazlauskienė ◽  
Guoda Kiliuvienė ◽  
Palma Nenortienė ◽  
Giedrė Kasparavičienė ◽  
Ieva Matukaitytė
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Ammonia Solution ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Rf Values ◽  
Solvent Systems ◽  
Paroxetine Hydrochloride ◽  
Fluvoxamine Maleate ◽  
Layer Chromatography

By conducting the toxicological analysis it is meaningful to determine the analytical system that could identify simultaneously several medicinal preparations quickly and precisely. The purpose of this work was to create and validate the method of thin-layer chromatography that would be suitable to separate the components of antidepressant mixture (amitriptyline hydrochloride, paroxetine hydrochloride, sertraline hydrochloride, fluvoxamine maleate and buspirone hydrochloride) and to identify them. The system was validated with regard to the sensitivity, repetition of data, resistance and particularity. The solvent systems with potential of high separation of components in their mixture were created: acetonitrile, methanol, ammonia solution 25 percent (85:10:5); acetonitrile, methanol, ammonia solution 25 percent (75:20:5); dichlormethane, 1,4-dioxane, ammonia solution 25 percent (50:45:5); dichlormethane, 1,4-dioxane, ammonia solution 25 percent (42:55:3); trichlormethane, 1,4-dioxane, ammonia solution 25 percent (25:70:5); trichlormethane, 1,4-dioxane, ammonia solution 25 percent (60:36:4). One of the most suitable solvent systems for separation of the analyzed mixture (sertraline, amitriptyline, paroxetine, buspirone, fluvoxamine) was determined – acetonitrile, methanol, ammonia solution 25 percent (85:10:5). When this solvent system was used, the average Rf values of the analyzed compounds differed the most. Validation was conducted – the relative standard deviation (RSD, percent) of the average Rf value of the analyzed compounds varied from 0,6 to 1,8 percent and did not exceed the permissible error of 5 percent. The sensitivity of methodology was determined by assessing the intensity of the mixture’s spots on the chromatographic plate. The detection limit of buspirone was 0,0012 µg; sertraline – 0,0008 µg; amitriptyline – 0,0004 µg; fluvoxamine – 0,0004 µg; paroxetine – 0,0008 µg. The resistance of results to the changed conditions – it was determined that when the amounts of the solvents acetonitrile and methanol were increased or decreased to two milliliters, the average Rf values of the analyzed compounds did not change statistically significantly

Phytochemical evaluation of leaf extracts of Naringi crenulata (roxb.) Nicolson

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 5110
Author(s):  
Sartaj Ahmad Allayie ◽  
Mushtaq Ahmed Parray* ◽  
Bilal Ahmad Bhat ◽  
S. Hemalatha
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
The People ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rf Values

The use of traditional medicines holds a great promise as an easily available source as effective medicinal agents to cure a wide range of ailments among the people particularly in tropical developing countries like India. The present study investigates the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the major bioactive constituents of N. crenulata leaf extracts. The extractive values of aqueous, acetone and chloroform extracts were found to be 11.34, 4.24 and 6.06 respectively. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of these three solvent extracts confirm the presence of Alkaloids, Saponins, Flavonoids and Phenolic compounds in all the three extracts; however, these phytochemicals were more significant in aqueous extract. Quantitative analysis was carried out using TLC method by different solvent system. Amongst various solvent systems, Butanol: acetic acid: water (9: 0.9: 0.1 v/v/v) shows maximum resolution and number of spots produced at long UV (365 nm) and under iodine vapours. The TLC chromatograms constituted different coloured phytochemical compounds with different Rf values. It can be conveniently used to evaluate the quality of different area samples. This indicates that the leaves can be useful for treating different diseases because the therapeutic activity of a plant is due to the presence of particular class of compounds and thus can serve as potential sources of useful drugs in future.

scholarly journals Relationship between oral habits and spirometry maneuvers, in children

Revista CEFAC ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Rafaela Coelho Minsky ◽  
Tayná Castilho ◽  
Roseane Rebelo Silva Meira ◽  
Tatiana Godoy Bobbio ◽  
Camila Isabel Santos Schivinski
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Children ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Oral Habits ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
Thumb Sucking ◽  
Smirnov Test

ABSTRACT Purpose: to analyze whether deleterious oral habits can influence the number of attempts of forced spirometry maneuvers performed by healthy children. Methods: this observational and cross-sectional analytical study included 149 healthy children aged 6-12 years attending public and private schools in Florianópolis, SC, Brazil. A validated protocol was applied for the analysis of deleterious oral habits. The children were grouped according to the number of spirometry maneuvers needed to achieve successful spirometry results, as follows: G1) children who needed 3 maneuvers; G2) 4 maneuvers; G3) 5-8 maneuvers. Data were analyzed with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and the Kruskal-Wallis test was applied to compare quantitative variables between the groups. The Chi-square test was used to assess the association between the groups and qualitative variables. Results: there was no association between the number of attempts and the qualitative variables evaluated by the protocol. There was also no difference between the groups regarding quantitative variables for breastfeeding time, breastfeeding occurrence, use of pacifiers, and thumb sucking. Conclusion: the presence of DOH did not influence the number of forced spirometry maneuvers, performed by the healthy children in this study.

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