scholarly journals A Novel Intelligent System for Brain Tumor Diagnosis Based on a Composite Neutrosophic-Slantlet Transform Domain for Statistical Texture Feature Extraction

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Shakhawan H. Wady ◽  
Raghad Z. Yousif ◽  
Harith R. Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Intelligent System ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Texture Features ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Discrete Wavelet

Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is often implemented by an iterative filter bank; hence, a lake of optimization of a discrete time basis is observed with respect to time localization for a constant number of zero moments. This paper discusses and presents an improved form of DWT for feature extraction, called Slantlet transform (SLT) along with neutrosophy, a generalization of fuzzy logic, which is a relatively new logic. Thus, a novel composite NS-SLT model has been suggested as a source to derive statistical texture features that used to identify the malignancy of brain tumor. The MR images in the neutrosophic domain are defined using three membership sets, true (T), false (F), and indeterminate (I); then, SLT was applied to each membership set. Three statistical measurement-based methods are used to extract texture features from images of brain MRI. One-way ANOVA has been applied as a method of reducing the number of extracted features for the classifiers; then, the extracted features are subsequently provided to the four neural network classification techniques, Support Vector Machine Neural Network (SVM-NN), Decision Tree Neural Network (DT-NN), K-Nearest Neighbor Neural Network (KNN-NN), and Naive Bayes Neural Networks (NB-NN), to predict the type of the brain tumor. Meanwhile, the performance of the proposed model is assessed by calculating average accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, and Area Under the Curve (AUC) of the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach is quite accurate and efficient for diagnosing brain tumors when the Gray Level Run Length Matrix (GLRLM) features derived from the composite NS-SLT technique is used.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease Severity with fMRI Images Using Robust Multitask Feature Extraction Method and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Morteza Amini ◽  
MirMohsen Pedram ◽  
AliReza Moradi ◽  
Mahshad Ouchani
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Feature Extraction Method

The automatic diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease plays an important role in human health, especially in its early stage. Because it is a neurodegenerative condition, Alzheimer’s disease seems to have a long incubation period. Therefore, it is essential to analyze Alzheimer’s symptoms at different stages. In this paper, the classification is done with several methods of machine learning consisting of K -nearest neighbor (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), decision tree (DT), linear discrimination analysis (LDA), and random forest (RF). Moreover, novel convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture is presented to diagnose Alzheimer’s severity. The relationship between Alzheimer’s patients’ functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) images and their scores on the MMSE is investigated to achieve the aim. The feature extraction is performed based on the robust multitask feature learning algorithm. The severity is also calculated based on the Mini-Mental State Examination score, including low, mild, moderate, and severe categories. Results show that the accuracy of the KNN, SVM, DT, LDA, RF, and presented CNN method is 77.5%, 85.8%, 91.7%, 79.5%, 85.1%, and 96.7%, respectively. Moreover, for the presented CNN architecture, the sensitivity of low, mild, moderate, and severe status of Alzheimer patients is 98.1%, 95.2%,89.0%, and 87.5%, respectively. Based on the findings, the presented CNN architecture classifier outperforms other methods and can diagnose the severity and stages of Alzheimer’s disease with maximum accuracy.

scholarly journals Hybrid Malware Classification Method Using Segmentation-Based Fractal Texture Analysis and Deep Convolution Neural Network Features

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 4966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Nisa ◽  
Jamal Hussain Shah ◽  
Shansa Kanwal ◽  
Mudassar Raza ◽  
Muhammad Attique Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Texture Analysis ◽  
Data Augmentation ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Feature Fusion ◽  
Malicious Code ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
K Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Affine Image

As the number of internet users increases so does the number of malicious attacks using malware. The detection of malicious code is becoming critical, and the existing approaches need to be improved. Here, we propose a feature fusion method to combine the features extracted from pre-trained AlexNet and Inception-v3 deep neural networks with features attained using segmentation-based fractal texture analysis (SFTA) of images representing the malware code. In this work, we use distinctive pre-trained models (AlexNet and Inception-V3) for feature extraction. The purpose of deep convolutional neural network (CNN) feature extraction from two models is to improve the malware classifier accuracy, because both models have characteristics and qualities to extract different features. This technique produces a fusion of features to build a multimodal representation of malicious code that can be used to classify the grayscale images, separating the malware into 25 malware classes. The features that are extracted from malware images are then classified using different variants of support vector machine (SVM), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), decision tree (DT), and other classifiers. To improve the classification results, we also adopted data augmentation based on affine image transforms. The presented method is evaluated on a Malimg malware image dataset, achieving an accuracy of 99.3%, which makes it the best among the competing approaches.

scholarly journals An Active Feature Selection Strategy for DWT in Artificial Taste

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Liu ◽  
Yanbing Chen ◽  
Dongqi Li ◽  
Mengya Wu
Keyword(s):  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Feature Selection ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Selection Strategy ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Subjective Time ◽  
Feature Size ◽  
Regular Feature ◽  
Time Frequency

A discrete wavelet transform (DWT) extracts meaningful information in a time-frequency domain and is a favorable feature extraction approach from pulse-like responses in large pulse voltammetry (LAPV) electronic tongues (e-tongue). A regular DWT generates lots of coefficients to describe signal details and approximations at different scales. Thus, coefficient selection is necessary to reduce the feature size. However, the common DWT-based feature selection follows a passive mode: manipulation through human experience or exhaustive trials. It is subjective, time consuming, and barely works in nonlaboratory conditions. In this paper, we present an active feature selection strategy consisting of a dispersion ratio computation and optimal searching search. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, we prepared several beverage samples and performed experiments with a LAPV e-tongue. Meanwhile, the features of raw response, peak-inflection point, referenced DWT method, and our proposed method were presented to indicate the effects of the refined features of the proposed method. Furthermore, we utilized several classifiers such as the k-nearest neighbor (k-NN), support vector machine (SVM), and random forest (RF) to evaluate the improvement of recognition by the refined features. Compared with other regular feature extraction methods, the proposed method can automatically explore high-quality features with an acceptable feature size. Moreover, the highest average accuracy was achieved by the proposed method for each classifier. It is an alternative feature extraction approach for a LAPV e-tongue without any manipulation in real applications.

scholarly journals A Review Study for Electrocardiogram Signal Classification

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Lana Abdulrazaq Abdulla ◽  
Muzhir Shaban Al-Ani
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Ecg Signal ◽  
Classification Methods ◽  
K Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Electrocardiogram Signal ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg

An electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is a recording of the electrical activity generated by the heart. The analysis of the ECG signal has been interested in more than a decade to build a model to make automatic ECG classification. The main goal of this work is to study and review an overview of utilizing the classification methods that have been recently used such as Artificial Neural Network, Convolution Neural Network (CNN), discrete wavelet transform, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and K-Nearest Neighbor. Efficient comparisons are shown in the result in terms of classification methods, features extraction technique, dataset, contribution, and some other aspects. The result also shows that the CNN has been most widely used for ECG classification as it can obtain a higher success rate than the rest of the classification approaches.

scholarly journals Recognition of Consumer Preference by Analysis and Classification EEG Signals

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mashael Aldayel ◽  
Mourad Ykhlef ◽  
Abeer Al-Nafjan
Keyword(s):  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
K Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Detection Systems ◽  
Power Spectral ◽  
Selection Of

Neuromarketing has gained attention to bridge the gap between conventional marketing studies and electroencephalography (EEG)-based brain-computer interface (BCI) research. It determines what customers actually want through preference prediction. The performance of EEG-based preference detection systems depends on a suitable selection of feature extraction techniques and machine learning algorithms. In this study, We examined preference detection of neuromarketing dataset using different feature combinations of EEG indices and different algorithms for feature extraction and classification. For EEG feature extraction, we employed discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and power spectral density (PSD), which were utilized to measure the EEG-based preference indices that enhance the accuracy of preference detection. Moreover, we compared deep learning with other traditional classifiers, such as k-nearest neighbor (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), and random forest (RF). We also studied the effect of preference indicators on the performance of classification algorithms. Through rigorous offline analysis, we investigated the computational intelligence for preference detection and classification. The performance of the proposed deep neural network (DNN) outperforms KNN and SVM in accuracy, precision, and recall; however, RF achieved results similar to those of the DNN for the same dataset.

An efficient approach for brain tumor detection and segmentation in MR brain images using random forest classifier

2021 ◽  
pp. 1063293X2110105
Author(s):  
Meenal Thayumanavan ◽  
Asokan Ramasamy
Keyword(s):  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Random Forest Classifier ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Brain Images ◽  
Skull Stripping ◽  
The Brain

Nowadays, the most demanding and time consuming task in medical image processing is Brain tumor segmentation and detection. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is employed for creating a picture of any part in a body. MRI provides a competent quick manner for analyzing tumor in the brain. This proposed framework contains different stages for classifying tumor like Preprocessing, Feature extraction, Classification, and Segmentation. Initially, T1-weighted magnetic resonance brain images are considered as an input for computational purpose. Median filter is proposed to optimize the skull stripping in MRI images. Abnormal brain tissues are extracted in low contrast, in addition to meticulous location of edges of affected tissue can be detected. Then, Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) are performing feature extraction process. HOG is used for extracting the features like texture and shape. Then, Classification is performed through Machine learning categorization techniques via Random Forest Classifier (RFC), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Decision Tree (DT). These classifiers classify the brain image as either normal or abnormal and the performance is analyzed by various parameters such as sensitivity, specificity and accuracy.

Optimizing Error Rate in Intrusion Detection System Using Artificial Neural Network Algorithm

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
S. Vijaya Rani ◽  
G. N. K. Suresh Babu
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Intrusion Detection ◽  
Error Rate ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
K Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Artificial Neural

The illegal hackers  penetrate the servers and networks of corporate and financial institutions to gain money and extract vital information. The hacking varies from one computing system to many system. They gain access by sending malicious packets in the network through virus, worms, Trojan horses etc. The hackers scan a network through various tools and collect information of network and host. Hence it is very much essential to detect the attacks as they enter into a network. The methods  available for intrusion detection are Naive Bayes, Decision tree, Support Vector Machine, K-Nearest Neighbor, Artificial Neural Networks. A neural network consists of processing units in complex manner and able to store information and make it functional for use. It acts like human brain and takes knowledge from the environment through training and learning process. Many algorithms are available for learning process This work carry out research on analysis of malicious packets and predicting the error rate in detection of injured packets through artificial neural network algorithms.

Recognition of 3D Objects from 2D Views Features

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-58
Author(s):  
R. Khadim ◽  
R. El Ayachi ◽  
Mohamed Fakir
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Color Image ◽  
Recognition Rate ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
K Nearest Neighbor ◽  
3D Objects ◽  
Color Descriptor

This paper focuses on the recognition of 3D objects using 2D attributes. In order to increase the recognition rate, the present an hybridization of three approaches to calculate the attributes of color image, this hybridization based on the combination of Zernike moments, Gist descriptors and color descriptor (statistical moments). In the classification phase, three methods are adopted: Neural Network (NN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and k-nearest neighbor (KNN). The database COIL-100 is used in the experimental results.

AUTOMATED RECOGNITION OF SINGLE & HYBRID POWER QUALITY DISTURBANCES USING WAVELET TRANSFORM BASED SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE

2016 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhail Khokhar ◽  
A. A. Mohd Zin ◽  
M. A. Bhayo ◽  
A. S. Mokhtar
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
Power Quality ◽  
Probabilistic Neural Network ◽  
Recognition Rate ◽  
Classification Performance ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Feed Forward Neural Network

The monitoring of power quality (PQ) disturbances in a systematic and automated way is an important issue to prevent detrimental effects on power system. The development of new methods for the automatic recognition of single and hybrid PQ disturbances is at present a major concern. This paper presents a combined approach of wavelet transform based support vector machine (WT-SVM) for the automatic classification of single and hybrid PQ disturbances. The proposed approach is applied by using synthetic models of various single and hybrid PQ signals. The suitable features of the PQ waveforms were first extracted by using discrete wavelet transform. Then SVM classifies the type of PQ disturbances based on these features. The classification performance of the proposed algorithm is also compared with wavelet based radial basis function neural network, probabilistic neural network and feed-forward neural network. The experimental results show that the recognition rate of the proposed WT-SVM based classification system is more accurate and much better than the other classifiers. 

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