scholarly journals Effects of the Awareness-Driven Individual Resource Allocation on the Epidemic Dynamics

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Chen ◽  
Ruijie Wang ◽  
Dan Yang ◽  
Jiajun Xian ◽  
Qing Li
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Complex Networks ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
The Self ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Allocation Model ◽  
Epidemic Dynamics ◽  
Disease Awareness ◽  
The Impact

We investigate the effects of self-protection awareness on the spread of disease from the aspect of resource allocation behavior in populations. To this end, a resource-based epidemiological model and a self-awareness-based resource allocation model in complex networks are proposed, respectively. First of all, we study the coupled disease-awareness dynamics in complex networks with fixed degree heterogeneity. Through extensive Monte Carlo simulations, we find that overall the self-awareness inhibits the spread of disease. More importantly, the influence of the self-awareness on the spreading dynamics can be divided into three phases. In phase I, the self-awareness is relatively small and the outbreak of the epidemic can not be suppressed effectively. While, in phase II, the epidemic size is significantly reduced. Finally, in phase III, there is a sufficiently large value of self-awareness, the disease cannot outbreak anymore. Further, we study the impact of degree heterogeneity on the coupled disease-awareness dynamics and find that the network heterogeneity plays the role of “double-edged sword” in that it can either suppress or promote the epidemic spreading. Specifically, when the basic infection rate is relatively small, it promotes the spread of disease under the condition that there is a relatively small self-awareness. While, when the basic infection rate is relatively large, it inhibits the outbreak of epidemic at a relatively small self-awareness; in turn, it promotes the outbreak of epidemic at a relatively large self-awareness.

scholarly journals Self-Awareness-Based Resource Allocation Strategy for Containment of Epidemic Spreading

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Chen ◽  
Quanhui Liu ◽  
Ruijie Wang ◽  
Qing Li ◽  
Wei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Tuning Parameter ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Epidemic Spreading ◽  
Epidemic Threshold ◽  
Optimal Point ◽  
Allocation Model ◽  
The Impact

Resource support between individuals is of particular importance in controlling or mitigating epidemic spreading, especially during pandemics. However, there remains the question of how we can protect ourselves from being infected while helping others by donating resources in fighting against the epidemic. To answer the question, we propose a novel resource allocation model by considering the awareness of self-protection of individuals. In the model, a tuning parameter is introduced to quantify the reaction strength of individuals when they are aware of the disease. And then, a coupled model of resource allocation and disease spreading is proposed to study the impact of self-awareness on resource allocation and its impact on the dynamics of epidemic spreading. Through theoretical analysis and extensive Monte Carlo simulations, we find that in the stationary state, the system converges to two states: the whole healthy or the completely infected, which indicates an abrupt increase in the prevalence when there is a shortage of resources. More importantly, we find that too cautious and too selfless for the people during the outbreak of an epidemic are both not suitable for disease control. Through extensive simulations, we locate the optimal point, at which there is a maximum value of the epidemic threshold, and an outbreak can be delayed to the greatest extent. At last, we study further the effects of the network structure on the coupled dynamics. We find that the degree heterogeneity promotes the outbreak of disease, and the network structure does not alter the optimal phenomenon in behavior response. Based on the results of this study, a constructive suggestion is that in the face of a global pandemic, individuals or countries should strengthen mutual support and cooperation while doing their own prevention to suppress the epidemic optimally.

scholarly journals The Impact of Mindset on Self-Tracking Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elçin Hancı ◽  
Peter A. M. Ruijten ◽  
Joyca Lacroix ◽  
Wijnand A. IJsselsteijn
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
The Self ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Implicit Beliefs ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Core ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
Tracking Device ◽  
The Impact

Self-tracking technologies aim to offer a better understanding of ourselves through data, create self-awareness, and facilitate healthy behavior change. Despite such promising objectives, very little is known about whether the implicit beliefs users may have about the changeability of their own behavior influence the way they experience self-tracking. These implicit beliefs about the permanence of the abilities are called mindsets; someone with a fixed mindset typically perceives human qualities (e.g., intelligence) as fixed, while someone with a growth mindset perceives them as amenable to change and improvement through learning. This paper investigates the concept of mindset in the context of self-tracking and uses online survey data from individuals wearing a self-tracking device (n = 290) to explore the ways in which users with different mindsets experience self-tracking. A combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches indicates that implicit beliefs about the changeability of behavior influence the extent to which users are self-determined toward self-tracking use. Moreover, differences were found in how users perceive and respond to failure, and how self-judgmental vs. self-compassionate they are toward their own mistakes. Overall, considering that how users respond to the self-tracking data is one of the core dimensions of self-tracking, our results suggest that mindset is one of the important determinants in shaping the self-tracking experience. This paper concludes by presenting design considerations and directions for future research.

scholarly journals Collaborative Engagement from within the Academy: A Self-Reflexive Narrative

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Service Learning ◽  
Community Engagement ◽  
Self Care ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Engaged Scholarship ◽  
Collaborative Engagement ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Current Movement

This essay builds upon the current movement around publicly engaged scholarship, seeking to illuminate its challenges, risks, and rewards through a self-reflexive narrative. The author, as a community engaged scholar midway to tenure within the academy, attempts to situate herself within this larger milieu, uncover the assumptions under which she has operated, explore the impact of the publicly engaged work she has done, and clarify the impact she hopes this work has. The narrative extends recent discussions within the field, narrowing a gap in the service-learning and community engagement scholarship by drawing attention to the impact of collaborative engagement on academic-practitioners. The essay seeks to both increase the intentionality, courage, and humility with which engaged scholars enter and exit the space of others, and encourage the self-care and self-awareness needed for the long haul.

scholarly journals A 21-Day School-Based Toothbrushing Intervention in Children Aged 6 to 9 Years in Indonesia and Nigeria: Protocol for a Two-Arm Superiority Randomized Controlled Trial

10.2196/14156 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e14156
Author(s):  
Paulo Melo ◽  
Sinead Malone ◽  
Arathi Rao ◽  
Charlotte Fine
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Day School ◽  
The Self ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
School Program ◽  
Fluoride Toothpaste ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
The Impact

Background The World Health Organization reports that dental cavities affect 60% to 90% of children globally. FDI World Dental Federation and Unilever Oral Care have developed public health programs to improve brushing habits over their 12-year partnership. The last of these (phase III) named Brush Day & Night aimed to educate children on brushing twice daily with a fluoride toothpaste and gave useful information for a new project, phase IV. The 21-day Brush Day & Night program is an intense education activity designed to establish the habit of brushing day and night with a fluoride toothpaste. The program involves daily brushing instruction and includes free toothpaste and toothbrushes. Objective The main objective of the study is to evaluate the impact of a 21-day school program on children’s oral health. As a secondary objective, we aim to evaluate the impact on the knowledge, behavior, toothbrushing habits, and quality of life in school children aged 6 to 9 years after a 21-day school program and compare with baseline and a control group as measured by the self-reported questionnaires issued to children (in particular, the self-reported brushing frequency and positive responses on fluoridated toothpaste use). The enduring nature of the program will be determined by the inclusion of 8- and 24-week time points. Methods The study is a 2-arm superiority randomized controlled trial. Clusters in this study are infant and junior schools in Indonesia and Nigeria. The study aims to recruit 20 schools with children aged 6 to 9 years in each country. At baseline, children in both intervention and control schools will answer a questionnaire and have their clinical oral health assessed using the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI) and Decayed Missing and Filled Teeth index. Children in the intervention schools will then take part in a structured 21-day Brush Day & Night intervention. Children in the control schools will be provided with free toothpaste and toothbrushes but will not receive the 21-day intervention. The questionnaires and OHI assessments are repeated after the 21-day program is completed and again 8 weeks later and 24 weeks later for all participating children. Parents/carers/guardians of all children will sign the informed consent and complete questionnaires on their own experience and attitudes toward oral health and toothbrushing routine at each of the four times points (baseline, 21 days, 8 weeks, and 24 weeks). The study will be conducted by the national dental associations of Indonesia and Nigeria and was approved by the ethics committees of both countries. Results The study is ongoing. Recruitment of schools started in Indonesia in February 2018 and in Nigeria in April 2018 for the first part of the study, which concluded in Indonesia in September 2018 and in Nigeria in November 2018. The second part of the study (the second half of the schools) started in November 2018 in Indonesia and December 2018 in Nigeria. Conclusions We expect to collect all the data during 2019 and publish findings from the study by March 2020. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04001296; https://tinyurl.com/selxraa International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/14156

The Self-Determined Learning Model of Instruction and Students With Extensive Support Needs in Inclusive Settings

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheida K. Raley ◽  
Kathryn M. Burke ◽  
Mayumi Hagiwara ◽  
Karrie A. Shogren ◽  
Michael L. Wehmeyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Learning Model ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Support Needs ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Self Advocacy ◽  
Cultural Sustainability ◽  
Inclusive Settings ◽  
Decision Making Problem ◽  
The Impact

Abstract There is a strong link between the development of skills associated with self-determination (i.e., choice-making, decision-making, problem solving, goal setting and attainment, planning, self-management, self-advocacy, self-awareness, and self-knowledge) and positive school (e.g., academic achievement) and postschool (e.g., employment, community access) outcomes. In this article, we advocate for an examination of research related to the impact, usability, and cultural sustainability of an evidence-based intervention intended to enable students to enhance skills associated with self-determination, the Self-Determined Learning Model of Instruction (SDLMI), when used to support students with extensive support needs, including students with intellectual and developmental disability (IDD). Theoretical foundations of the construct of self-determination and its applicability for all people and extant research on implementation of the SDLMI and students with extensive support needs are presented. Implications for researchers are addressed, including the impact, usability, and cultural sustainability of the SDLMI for students with extensive support needs, and the potential of the SDLMI to support all students in inclusive settings when implemented as a universal support.

scholarly journals PERAN SELF-AWARENESS DAN EGO SUPPORT TERHADAP KEPUASAN HIDUP REMAJA TIONGHOA

PSIKODIMENSIA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 254
Author(s):  
Agoes Dariyo
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Software Program ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of the self-awareness and ego support on the life satisfaction of adolescence. Participants were 223 subjects (19-21 years). Collecting data by using questionnaires such as: selfawareness, ego support, and the life satisfaction of adolescence. Data was analyzed with multiple regression via SPSS 16.0 software program. Found was the impact of self-awareness on life satisfaction (r2 = .052, t = 3.467 , p = .001 < .01), the impact of ego support on life satisfaction (r2 = 0,219, t = 7.877, p = 0,000 < 0,01), and the impact of self-awareness and ego support on the life satisfaction of adolescence (r2 = 0,.243, F = 35.307, p =0, .000 < 0,01).

scholarly journals Content-aware resource allocation model for IPTV delivery networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 369
Author(s):  
Suliman M. Fati ◽  
Putra Sumari ◽  
Choo Wou Onn
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Broadband Networks ◽  
Allocation Model ◽  
Allocation Process ◽  
Iptv Delivery Networks ◽  
Delivery Networks ◽  
The Impact

Nowadays, with the evolution of digital video broadcasting, as well as, the advent of high speed broadband networks, a new era of TV services has emerged known as IPTV. IPTV is a system that employs the high speed broadband networks to deliver TV services to the subscribers. From the service provider viewpoint, the challenge in IPTV systems is how to build delivery networks that exploits the resources efficiently and reduces the service cost, as well. However, designing such delivery networks affected by many factors including choosing the suitable network architecture, load balancing, resources waste, and cost reduction. Furthermore, IPTV contents characteristics, particularly; size, popularity, and interactivity play an important role in balancing the load and avoiding the resources waste for delivery networks. In this paper, we investigate the problem of resource allocation for IPTV delivery networks over the recent architecture, peer-service area architecture. The Genetic Algorithm as an optimization tool has been used to find the optimal provisioning parameters including storage, bandwidth, and CPU consumption. The experiments have been conducted on two data sets with different popularity distributions. The experiments have been conducted on two popularity distributions. The experimental results showed the impact of content status on the resource allocation process.

scholarly journals The Self-Portrait as a Means of Self-Investigation, Self-Projection and Identification among the Primary School Population in Croatia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 143-164
Author(s):  
Dunja Pivac ◽  
Maja Zemunik
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Concrete Form ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Psychological Sense ◽  
The Impact

The self-portrait is a reflection of the personality in a visual, physical sense, as a concrete form, a summary of the external characteristics of the artist, but also in a psychological sense, when the self-portrait becomes a mediator of communication with the self, a medium of self-investigation. In this way, the self-portrait exists as a means of self-reflection, self-awareness and acceptance of the Self. It contains three primary values: subjective, objective and the archetype. Considering that the self-portrait is not exclusively a means of introspection reserved only for artistic practice, but also includes activities of the entire population, ranging from early childhood to old age, the projective and reflexive features of this motif began to be used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. These findings, as well the need for a new role for art teachers arising from the cognitive, emotional and moral needs of children and youth involved in the regular education system in the Republic of Croatia, gave rise to the project The Self-Portrait as a Means of Self-Investigation, Self-Projection and Identification, which was realised in the regular primary educational process, in fifth-grade art classes. The expressive and projective dimensions of children’s drawings, which can indicate the possibility of diagnostic and potentially therapeutic activity within the regular primary education system, were taken as a starting point. The project also sought to examine the impact of rational-cognitive principles of teaching on children’s creativity and expression.

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