scholarly journals The Effect of Resveratrol on Blood Glucose and Blood Lipids in Rats with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Guanli Zhang ◽  
Xiuli Wang ◽  
Baofeng Ren ◽  
Qiongqiong Zhao ◽  
Fang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Metformin Hydrochloride ◽  
Tnf Α

Background. Previous studies have reported that resveratrol has various biological effects such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor. This study aimed to investigate the effects of resveratrol on blood glucose and blood lipids in rats with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods. The rat diabetes model was prepared by one-time intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 35 mg/kg). Fasting blood glucose was measured by using a blood glucose meter. The ELISA method was used to detect the levels of insulin, leptin, adiponectin, resistin, TNF-α, and IL-6. The content of TC, TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C was determined by using an automatic biochemical detector. Results. Compared with the GDM group, the insulin level in the resveratrol (120 and 240 mg/kg) treatment group was significantly increased. But, the blood glucose level and body weight were significantly reduced. The content of TC, TG, and LDL-C in the resveratrol (240 mg/kg) treatment group was significantly reduced, and the content of HDL-C was significantly increased. In addition, leptin, resistin, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels in the 240 mg/kg resveratrol treatment group were significantly reduced, and adiponectin was significantly increased. Also, resveratrol (240 mg/kg) was stronger than metformin hydrochloride in improving insulin secretion and regulating blood lipids and adipokine content. Conclusion. Resveratrol has a dose-dependent effect on GDM rats to increase insulin secretion, reduce blood glucose and body weight, and regulate blood lipids and plasma adipokines.

scholarly journals Oleuropein alleviates gestational diabetes mellitus by activating AMPK signaling

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiwei Zhang ◽  
Hui Zhao ◽  
Aixia Wang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Hepatic Glycogen ◽  
Ampk Signaling ◽  
Tnf Α

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has a high incidence rate among pregnant women. The objective of the study was to assess the effect of plant-derived oleuropein in attenuating inflammatory and oxidative stress of GDM. Methods: Oleuropein was administered to GDM mice at the doses of 5 or 10 mg/kg/day. Body weight, blood glucose, insulin and hepatic glycogen levels were recorded. To evaluate the effect of oleuropein in reducing oxidative stress, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the hepatic oxidative stress markers. The inflammation levels of GDM mice were evaluated by measuring serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α by ELISA, and mRNA levels of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 by real-time PCR (RT-PCR). The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway was assessed by Western blot. Gestational outcome was analyzed through comparing litter size and birth weight. Results: Oleuropein attenuated the elevated body weight of GDM mice, and efficiently reduced blood glucose, insulin and hepatic glycogen levels. Oxidative stress and inflammation were alleviated by oleuropein treatment. The AMPK signaling was activated by oleuropein in GDM mice. Gestational outcome was markedly improved by oleuropein treatment. Conclusions: Our study suggests that oleuropein is effective in alleviating symptoms of GDM and improving gestational outcome in the mouse model. This effect is achieved by attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation, which is mediated by the activation of the AMPK signaling pathway.

scholarly journals Analysis on the Effect of Metformin Hydrochloride Combined with Insulin Pump for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinghua Li ◽  
Guilian Li ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Fanchun Meng ◽  
Lihong Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Research Group ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Insulin Pump ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Metformin Hydrochloride ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Background: U To analyze the effect of metformin hydrochloride combined with insulin pump for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: Overall, 216 patients with GDM in Zhangqiu Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, China from Aug 2018 to Dec 2020 were enrolled and randomized into research and control groups. Patients in the control group were treated with insulin pump, while those in the research group were treated with metformin hydrochloride combined with insulin pump. The clinical efficacy, blood glucose levels, serum Betatrophin, C reactive protein (CRP), Cystatin C (Cys-C), homocysteine (Hcy), adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) content, incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes and incidence of adverse newborns of patients in the two groups were compared. Results: After treatment, the total clinical efficiency of the research group was 84.26%, significantly higher than that of the control group (68.52%). The levels of FPG, 2hPG, HbAlc, serum Betatrophin, CRP, CysC, Hcy, adiponectin factors, TNF-α, and IL-6 in the research group were lower than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). The overall incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes was 10.19% in the research group, and 25.93% in the control group. The comparative differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). The overall incidence of adverse newborns was 9.26% in the research group, and 21.30% in the control group. The comparative differences between the two groups were statistically significant as well (P<0.05). Conclusion: Metformin hydrochloride combined with insulin pump for GDM can significantly reduce blood glucose level, regulate serum protein factor levels, and improve adverse outcomes for mother and child, which deserves clinical promotion.   

Insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in normal pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Akbay ◽  
M. B. Tıras ◽  
I. Yetkin ◽  
F. Törüner ◽  
R. Ersoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Normal Pregnancy

scholarly journals Safe threshold of capillary blood glucose for predicting early future neonatal hypoglycaemia in babies born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus, an observational, retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther H. G. Park ◽  
Frances O’Brien ◽  
Fiona Seabrook ◽  
Jane Elizabeth Hirst
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Capillary Blood Glucose ◽  
Neonatal Hypoglycaemia

Abstract Background There is increasing pressure to get women and babies home rapidly after birth. Babies born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) currently get 24-h inpatient monitoring. We investigated whether a low-risk group of babies born to mothers with GDM could be defined for shorter inpatient hypoglycaemia monitoring. Methods Observational, retrospective cohort study conducted in a tertiary maternity hospital in 2018. Singleton, term babies born to women with GDM and no other risk factors for hypoglycaemia, were included. Capillary blood glucose (BG) testing and clinical observations for signs of hypoglycaemia during the first 24-h after birth. BG was checked in all babies before the second feed. Subsequent testing occurred if the first result was < 2.0 mmol/L, or clinical suspicion developed for hypoglycaemia. Neonatal hypoglycaemia, defined as either capillary or venous glucose ≤ 2.0 mmol/L and/or clinical signs of neonatal hypoglycaemia requiring oral or intravenous dextrose (lethargy, abnormal feeding behaviour or seizures). Results Fifteen of 106 babies developed hypoglycaemia within the first 24-h. Maternal and neonatal characteristics were not predictive. All babies with hypoglycaemia had an initial capillary BG ≤ 2.6 mmol/L (Area under the ROC curve (AUC) 0.96, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.91–1.0). This result was validated on a further 65 babies, of whom 10 developed hypoglycaemia, in the first 24-h of life. Conclusion Using the 2.6 mmol/L threshold, extended monitoring as an inpatient could have been avoided for 60% of babies in this study. Whilst prospective validation is needed, this approach could help tailor postnatal care plans for babies born to mothers with GDM.

Searching for Utopia, the Challenge of Standardized Medical Nutrition Therapy Prescription in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Management: A Critical Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Meloncelli ◽  
Shelley A. Wilkinson ◽  
Susan de Jersey
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Nutrition Therapy ◽  
Medical Nutrition Therapy ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Medical Nutrition

AbstractGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy disorder and the incidence is increasing worldwide. GDM is associated with adverse maternal outcomes which may be reduced with proper management. Lifestyle modification in the form of medical nutrition therapy and physical activity, as well as self-monitoring of blood glucose levels, is the cornerstone of GDM management. Inevitably, the search for the “ultimate” diet prescription has been ongoing. Identifying the amount and type of carbohydrate to maintain blood glucose levels below targets while balancing the nutritional requirements of pregnancy and achieving gestational weight gain within recommendations is challenging. Recent developments in the area of the gut microbiota and its impact on glycemic response add another layer of complexity to the success of medical nutrition therapy. This review critically explores the challenges to dietary prescription for GDM and why utopia may never be found.

Decreased Monocyte Count is Associated with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Development, Macrosomia and Inflammation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinmei Huang ◽  
Bingbing Zha ◽  
Manna Zhang ◽  
Yue Li ◽  
Yueyue Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Monocyte Count ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Newborn Weight

Abstract Objective The immune system plays a central role in the pathophysiology of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Monocytes, the main innate immune cells, are especially important in the maintenance of a normal pregnancy. Here, we investigated the potential effect of monocytes in GDM. Materials and Methods: Monocyte count was monitored throughout pregnancy in 214 women with GDM and 926 women without in a case-control and cohort study. Circulating levels of inflammatory cytokines, placenta-derived macrophages and their products were measured. Results Throughout pregnancy, monocyte count was significantly decreased in women with GDM, and closely associated with glucose level, insulin resistance and newborn weight. First-trimester monocyte count outperformed that of the second and third trimester as a risk factor and diagnostic predictor of GDM and macrosomia in both the case-control and cohort study. In addition, our cohort study showed that as first-trimester monocyte count decreased, GDM and macrosomia incidence, glucose level and newborn weight increased in a stepwise manner. Risk of GDM started to decrease rapidly when first-trimester monocyte count exceeded 0.48 × 10 9/L. Notably, CD206 and IL-10 were significantly lower, while CD80, CD86, TNF-α and IL-6 were higher in both GDM placental tissue and peripheral blood. First-trimester monocyte count was positively related to IL-10 and CD206, but negatively related to CD80, CD86, TNF-α and IL-6. Conclusions Decreased monocyte count throughout pregnancy was closely-associated with the development of GDM, macrosomia and the chronic inflammatory state of GDM. First-trimester monocyte count has great potential as an early diagnostic marker of GDM.

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