scholarly journals The Temporal Pattern of Arterial Stiffness during Aging: A Large-Scale Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Zhengli Tang ◽  
Yuanyuan Lu ◽  
Yiming Hao ◽  
Robert Morris ◽  
Di Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Temporal Pattern ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Glucose Levels

Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is a noninvasive clinical test that provides quantification for the stiffness of both the aorta and peripheral arteries by measuring the brachial and tibial arterial wave velocities. The temporal pattern of baPWV values during aging was investigated in this paper. A gradual increase in baPWV with respect to age was observed, suggesting an increase in the stiffness of arterial vessels as age increases. The ΔbaPWV value, defined as the absolute value of the difference between bilateral baPWV, also showed a positive correlation with aging. Many underlying physiological conditions such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperglycemia have previously been shown to elevate baPWV and contribute to the decline of arterial function. The effect of factors including biological sex, blood pressure, and blood glucose levels on the baPWV temporal pattern were also investigated. Between the ages of 18 and 50, men in the study had significantly higher baPWV readings than females of comparable age on average. However, after the age of 50, mean baPWV values increased at a greater rate in females than in males. In addition, blood pressure and blood glucose were shown to be associated with baPWV values. The results will improve existing prediction models for future cardiovascular episodes induced by arterial hardening in different age groups.

scholarly journals Status kesehatan dan asupan mikronutrien vegetarian dan nonvegetarian di Bali

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Ni Ketut Sutiari ◽  
Ali Khomsan ◽  
Hadi Riyadi ◽  
Faisal Anwar ◽  
Desak Putu Yuli Kurniati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Micronutrient Intake ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Vegetarian Diets ◽  
Sugar Levels

Health status and micronutrient intake among vegetarian and non-vegetarian in BaliBackground: Several studies have reported that vegetarian diets have health benefits for those adopting the diets.Objective: This study aimed to compare anemia status and micronutrient intake between vegetarians and non-vegetarians in Bali.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Bali. A total of 240 samples consisting of 160 vegetarians and 80 non-vegetarians were randomly selected. Hemoglobin (Hb) and fasting blood sugar levels were measured using the cyanmethemoglobin method and enzymatic colorimetric, respectively. Meanwhile, the data on micronutrient intakes were collected by interviews using the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQFFQ). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and the Mann-Whitney test was performed to analyze the differences.Results: The study’s results showed that the mean Hb levels in the vegetarian group were significantly lower than non-vegetarians (p=0.002; p<0.05), and the anemia status in vegetarian women were higher (22.5%) than non-vegetarian women (2.5%). The mean fasting blood glucose level in non-vegetarians was significantly higher than in the vegetarian group (p=0.000; p<0.05). There were no differences in zinc (Zn) intake between vegetarians and non-vegetarians, but there were significant differences (p<0.05) in vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin B12, folic acid, magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and iron (Fe) intakes.Conclusions: There were differences in anemia status and fasting blood glucose levels between vegetarians and non-vegetarians. The fasting blood glucose levels of non-vegetarians were higher than vegetarians, and there were differences in the intake of certain micronutrients between vegetarians and non-vegetarians.

scholarly journals Leptin G-2548A Gene Polymorphism is Positively Associated with Increased Plasma Leptin and Glucose Levels in Obese Saudi Patients Irrespective Status of Blood Pressure    

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lotfi S. Bin Dahman ◽  
Nasser M. Al-Daghri
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Lep Gene ◽  
Plasma Leptin ◽  
Saudi Patients

Abstract The association between LEP G-2548A gene polymorphism with increased plasma leptin and glucose levels and blood pressure in a sample of obese Saudi patients has been evaluated. This is a cross-sectional study involved 206 Saudi adult subjects (94 males and 112 females), randomly selected from the primary health care centers, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The study sample was categorized into three groups: 50 normotensive ND controls (age: 47.9±5.4 yr.; BMI 22.9±2.1 Kg/m2), 80 obese normotensive ND (age: 47.7±6.0 yr.; BMI 34.1±4.2 Kg/m2) and 76 obese hypertensive with T2D patients (age: 49.4±5.9 yr.; BMI: 35.1±4.7 Kg/m2). Analyses of LEP G-2548A gene polymorphism were determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) with 2U of HhaI restriction enzyme. Plasma leptin and insulin levels were measured using the Luminex instrument. Fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides were measured using a chemical autoanalyzer Konelab machine. Also, blood pressure and anthropometric data were measured. The association analysis with metabolic parameters showed that homozygous AA of the LEP gene had significantly higher plasma glucose levels and HOMA-IR compared with homozygous GG (6.8±0.55 vs. 5.8±0.30; p< 0.04; 4.1±0.84 vs. 2.6±0.67; p=0.03) respectively. Besides, heterozygous GA had significantly higher plasma leptin levels compared with homozygous GG (40.0±2.6 vs. 29.6±2.6; P= 0.04). GA, AA, GA+AA genotypes of the LEP G-2548A gene polymorphism are more prevalent among individuals with hyperglycemia (OR= 3.7, 95% CI= 1.6 to 8.4, P= 0.001; OR= 3.2, 95% CI= 1.2 to 8.6, P= 0.03; OR= 3.5, 95%CI= 1.6 to 7.7, P= 0.001) respectively. A allele of the LEP gene is more prevalent among subjects with hyperglycemia (OR= 1.9, 95%CI= 1.2 to 3.0, P=0.006). G-2548A variant of the LEP gene may not be considered as a genetic risk factor for hypertension in Saudi obese patients. However, the genotypes (GA and AA) and -2548AA allele of this gene may represent important risk factors predisposing healthy subjects to develop T2DM irrespective of the status of blood pressure.

scholarly journals Prevalence of hypoglycemia in diarrheal dehydration at hospitalization in severe acute malnutrition

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rameshwar Ninama ◽  
Chakshu Chaudhry ◽  
Rameshwar Lal Suman ◽  
Suresh Goyal ◽  
Ramprakash Prakash Bairwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Severe Dehydration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Average Blood Glucose

Background: Diarrhea is the major cause of death in children below five years of age. Hypoglycemia has been a potential fatal complication of infectious diarrhea in both well-nourished and poorly nourished children. But prevalence of hypoglycemia in diarrheal dehydration is not exactly known. This study was done to evaluate the glycemic status in children having acute diarrhea with dehydration and specifically associated with severe acute malnutrition (SAM).Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted during July 2017 to December 2017 at Bal Chikitsalaya Udaipur, Rajasthan, India. Blood glucose levels were assessed in 150 children of acute diarrhea with dehydration, comprising of 100 SAM and 50 Non SAM children.Results: Average blood glucose of SAM children was 89 mg/dl and of non-SAM, it was 120 mg/dl. Average blood glucose was low in SAM as compared to non-SAM in both some dehydration (116.08±21.26) and severe dehydration (66.69±19.80) as well as with or without ORS intake. Overall 18 (12%) of children had hypoglycemia and all were in severe dehydration and not taking ORS. Blood glucose levels were statistically low in severe dehydration and those who were not taking ORS at the time of hospitalization (p = 0.001). In severe dehydration 25% of children had hypoglycemia means every fourth child had low blood glucose <54 mg/dl.Conclusions: Overall prevalence of hypoglycemia is 12% in diarrheal dehydration and 20% in SAM with dehydration. Twenty five percent of severe dehydration children had hypoglycemia, and all have not started ORS. None of the child started ORS developed hypoglycaemia.

scholarly journals Are Vaspin and Omentin-1 Related to Insulin Resistance, Blood Pressure and Inflammation in NAFLD Patients?

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fereshteh Aliasghari ◽  
Azimeh Izadi ◽  
Masoumeh Jabbari ◽  
Bahareh Imani ◽  
Bahram Pourghassem Gargari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Partial Correlations ◽  
Hs Crp

Summary Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the hepatic manifestation of insulin resistance, is the most common cause of chronic liver. The present study aimed to investigate the roles of Vaspin and omentin-1 in the NAFLD-related pathology including IR, inflammation and elevated blood pressure. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 83 NAFLD patients in Jahrom, Iran. Plasma levels of omentin-1, Vaspin, hs-CRP and IL-6 were measured. Anthropometric indices, lipid profiles, liver enzymes as well as abdominal ultrasonography were assessed. Results: Partial correlations controlling for age and sex showed significant positive correlation between Vaspin and fasting blood sugar (FBS), insulin, HOMA-IR, and hs-CRP. It has been observed that omentin negatively correlated with glucose levels. Moreover, a marginally significant association has been found between Omentin levels and systolic blood pressure (SBP). Conclusions: This study shows that Vaspin and Omentin-1 are associated with inflammation, insulin resistance and serum glucose levels in patients with NAFLD.

scholarly journals Does Good Aerobic Capacity Attenuate the Effects of Aging on Cardiovascular Risk Factors? Results from a Cross-Sectional Study in a Latino Population

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Valentino ◽  
Mónica Acevedo ◽  
Lorena Orellana ◽  
María José Bustamante ◽  
Verónica Kramer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
Exercise Stress Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Glucose Levels

Background. High aerobic capacity is associated with low cardiovascular (CV) risk. The aim of this study was to determine the CV RF burden in subjects with aerobic capacity ≥10 METs and compare it with those having <10 METs.Methods. Cross-sectional study in 2646 subjects (mean age 48 ± 12 years). Demographics, medical history, physical activity, cardiovascular RFs, fasting lipids and blood glucose levels, blood pressure, and anthropometric measurements were collected. Aerobic capacity was determined by exercise stress test. The ACC/AHA 2013 pooled cohort equation was used to calculate CV risk. Logistic models were built to determine the probability of having ≥2 RFs versus 0‐1 RF, by age and sex, according to aerobic capacity.Results. 15% of subjects had aerobiccapacity<10METs. The ACC/AHA scores were 15% in men and 6% in women with <10 METs and 5% and 2%, respectively, in those with ≥10 METs. The probability of having ≥2 RFs increased with age in both groups; however, it was significantly higher in subjects with <10 METs (odds ratio [OR]: 2.54; 95% CI: 1.92–3.35).Conclusions.Aerobic capacity≥10METs is associated with a better CV RF profile and lower CV risk score in all age groups, regardless of gender.

scholarly journals KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND PRACTICES OF NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES: COMPARISON BETWEEN ORANG ASLI AND MALAY FROM RURAL AREA IN NEGERI SEMBILAN, MALAYSIA: A COMPARATIVE STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-140
Author(s):  
Muslimah Ithnin ◽  
Norsham Juliana ◽  
Nadeeya ‘Ayn Umaisara Mohamad Nor ◽  
Nadia Mohd Effendy ◽  
Mohd Dzulkhairi Mohd Rani
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Orang Asli ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Significant Difference

The study evaluates the prevalence, knowledge, attitude, and practices of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among adult Orang Asli and Malay ethnicity in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. This cross-sectional study involving 634 respondents aged 18 years and above of Orang Asli (51.3%) and Malays (48.7%) from the rural villages. Structured interview questionnaire for disease history and KAP level conducted. Weight, height, waist circumference, blood pressure, and blood glucose levels then measured. Prevalence of NCDs was higher among Malays compared to Orang Asli with hypertension (35.0% vs 14.8%), hypercholesterolemia (31.1% vs 5.2%), and diabetes mellitus (16.2% vs 4.3%), respectively. Malays also had a higher percentage of being abdominal obese (70.6% vs 59.7%) and increased blood pressure (54.4% vs 29.8%). Multivariate analysis indicates hypercholesterolemia [OR=6.035 (95%CI: 3.150,11.561)], abdominal obesity [aOR= 1.807 (95%CI: 1.065, 3.067)], and increased in blood pressure [aOR= 2.359 (95%C1: 1.619,3.437)] have a significant relation with Malay ethnicity. For Orang Asli, 51.7% had poor knowledge, 72.3% had a good attitude, and 16.0% had a good practice. Knowledge and attitude scores were significantly less among Orang Asli with no significant difference for practice compared to the Malays. The prevalence of NCDs among the Malays is alarmingly high, with an increasing trend among Orang Asli, which needs immediate attention. The NCDs and obesity were significant among Malays but also showed a worrying trend in the Orang Asli as the good practice on a healthy life-style was low in both ethnicities. Thus, proper education and promotion regarding NCDs needed for diseases screening and prevention.

scholarly journals Leptin G-2548A Gene Polymorphism is Positively Associated with Increased Plasma Leptin and Glucose Levels in Obese Saudi Patients Irrespective Status of Blood Pressure    

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lotfi S. Bin Dahman ◽  
Nasser M. Al-Daghri
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Lep Gene ◽  
Plasma Leptin ◽  
Saudi Patients

Abstract The association between LEP G-2548A gene polymorphism with increased plasma leptin and glucose levels and blood pressure in a sample of obese Saudi patients has been evaluated. This is a cross-sectional study involved 206 Saudi adult subjects (94 males and 112 females), randomly selected from the primary health care centers, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The study sample was categorized into three groups: 50 normotensive ND controls (age: 47.9±5.4 yr.; BMI 22.9±2.1 Kg/m2), 80 obese normotensive ND (age: 47.7±6.0 yr.; BMI 34.1±4.2 Kg/m2) and 76 obese hypertensive with T2D patients (age: 49.4±5.9 yr.; BMI: 35.1±4.7 Kg/m2). Analyses of LEP G-2548A gene polymorphism were determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) with 2U of HhaI restriction enzyme. Plasma leptin and insulin levels were measured using the Luminex instrument. Fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides were measured using a chemical autoanalyzer Konelab machine. Also, blood pressure and anthropometric data were measured. The association analysis with metabolic parameters showed that homozygous AA of the LEP gene had significantly higher plasma glucose levels and HOMA-IR compared with homozygous GG (6.8±0.55 vs. 5.8±0.30; p< 0.04; 4.1±0.84 vs. 2.6±0.67; p=0.03) respectively. Besides, heterozygous GA had significantly higher plasma leptin levels compared with homozygous GG (40.0±2.6 vs. 29.6±2.6; P= 0.04). GA, AA, GA+AA genotypes of the LEP G-2548A gene polymorphism are more prevalent among individuals with hyperglycemia (OR= 3.7, 95% CI= 1.6 to 8.4, P= 0.001; OR= 3.2, 95% CI= 1.2 to 8.6, P= 0.03; OR= 3.5, 95%CI= 1.6 to 7.7, P= 0.001) respectively. A allele of the LEP gene is more prevalent among subjects with hyperglycemia (OR= 1.9, 95%CI= 1.2 to 3.0, P=0.006). G-2548A variant of the LEP gene may not be considered as a genetic risk factor for hypertension in Saudi obese patients. However, the genotypes (GA and AA) and -2548AA allele of this gene may represent important risk factors predisposing healthy subjects to develop T2DM irrespective of the status of blood pressure.

scholarly journals Association between Dietary Magnesium Intake and Glycemic Markers in Ghanaian Women of Reproductive Age: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 4141
Author(s):  
Helena J. Bentil ◽  
Alyssa M. Abreu ◽  
Seth Adu-Afarwuah ◽  
Joseph S. Rossi ◽  
Alison Tovar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Magnesium Intake ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Dietary Magnesium ◽  
Glycemic Markers

Low magnesium intake has been shown to be associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in several studies conducted in high-income countries. However, very few studies have been performed in Africa, where many countries have a growing rate of T2DM. We conducted a pilot cross-sectional study among 63 women in Ghana to investigate the association between magnesium intake and glycemic markers. We assessed dietary magnesium using a food frequency questionnaire and glycemic markers using fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Our findings showed that the mean magnesium intake was 200 ± 116 mg/day. The prevalence of T2DM was 5% by measuring fasting blood glucose and 8% by measuring HbA1c. Unadjusted linear regression models revealed that higher magnesium intake significantly predicted higher fasting blood glucose levels (β = 0.31; 95% CI: 0.07, 0.55; p = 0.01) and HbA1c levels (β = 0.26; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.51; p = 0.04). In adjusted analyses, magnesium intake was no longer significantly associated with either fasting blood glucose levels (β = 0.22; 95% CI: −0.03, 0.46; p = 0.08) or HbA1c levels (β = 0.15; 95% CI: −0.08, 0.39; p = 0.20). In conclusion, our study did not show a significant association between magnesium intake and glycemic markers in women of reproductive age in Ghana. The results of this study need to be further substantiated because this was the first study to examine magnesium intake and glycemic markers in this population in Africa.

scholarly journals Correlation of blood glucose levels, HbA1c, hemoglobin and leukocytes with outcome on acute stroke

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1430
Author(s):  
Meiriani . ◽  
Yuneldi Anwar ◽  
Puji Pinta Omas Sinurat
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

Background: Diabetes and higher HbA1c level have increased the incidence of stroke. Hemoglobin levels both high and low are associated with poor outcomes. Leukocytes play an important role in the initiation of the atherosclerosis process.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with a sample size of 62 people selected by non-random sampling method on a consecutive basis, patients with acute stroke were taken blood to measure blood glucose levels, HbA1c, Hb and Leucocytes when entering the hospital room. Outcomes were assessed using NIHSS and MRS. The calculation of NIHSS and MRS scores was performed on the first day of admission and the fourteenth day. To analyze the correlation of blood sugar levels during HbA1c, Hb and leukocytes in acute stroke, this study used Spearman's correlation test. The p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: The study subjects of 62 acute stroke patients (acute ischemic stroke 31 people and 31 people hemorrhagic stroke). Acute stroke patients were consisted of 38 men (61.3%) and 24 women (38.7%). Of 31 people with hemorrhagic stroke, there were 16 men (51.6%) and 15 women (48.4%), ischemic stroke patients were consisted of 22 people (71, 0%) and women were 9 people. Spearrman repair test showed no symptoms between blood glucose levels, HbA1c, Hemoglobin and leukocytes with outcomes in acute stroke.Conclusions: There was no significant association between blood glucose levels, HbA1c, hemoglobin and leukocytes with outcomes in acute stroke.

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