scholarly journals Prevalence and Correlates of Serious Injuries among Adolescents in Mauritius

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Dickson Okoree Mireku ◽  
Jacob Owusu Sarfo ◽  
Edward Wilson Ansah ◽  
Daniel Apaak ◽  
Comfort Armah
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicidal Thought ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Physical Attack ◽  
School Based ◽  
Parental Neglect ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Being Bullied ◽  
Health Promotion Interventions ◽  
Serious Injuries

Introduction. Injuries are a major global health problem that affects teenagers in many countries. Though several studies have been done in many countries, little is known among adolescents in Mauritius. Therefore, our paper explored the prevalence and correlates of serious injuries among adolescents in Mauritius. Methods. We analysed the 2017 Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS) data from Mauritius, using the Chi-square test and binomial logistic regression analysis with adjusted odds ratio (AOR) at 95% confidence interval (CI). Results. The prevalence of serious injuries among adolescents in Mauritius stood at 39.0%. Also, the predictors of serious injuries included sex (AOR = 0.70, CI = 0.58–0.81), physical attack (AOR = 0.47, CI = 0.39–0.57), being bullied (AOR = 0.48, CI = 0.48–0.70), suicide ideation (AOR = 0.65, CI = 0.49–0.85), hunger (AOR = 0.65, CI = 0.48–0.86), truancy from school (AOR = 0.77, CI = 0.63–0.93), marijuana use (AOR = 0.54, CI = 0.39–0.76), alcohol consumption (AOR = 0.64, CI = 0.70–0.98), and parental neglect (AOR = 0.83, CI = 0.70–0.98). Conclusion. The rate of injury among adolescents in Mauritius is moderately high, with sex, suicidal thought, hunger, truancy, drug use, and parental neglect as correlates. There is an urgent need for health promotion interventions at family, community, and school levels to deal with this level of serious injuries and the factors influencing such occurrences among these adolescents in Mauritius.

scholarly journals Online Suicide Identification in the Framework of Rhetorical Structure Theory (RST)

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 847
Author(s):  
Xingyun Liu ◽  
Xiaoqian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Structure Theory ◽  
Context Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Rhetorical Structure ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Ideation Methods ◽  
Rhetorical Structures

Background: Suicide is a serious social problem. Substantial efforts have been made to prevent suicide for many decades. The internet has become an important arena for suicide prevention and intervention. However, to the best of our knowledge, only one study has analyzed suicidal comments online from the perspective of rhetorical structure with incomplete rhetorical relations. We aimed to examine the rhetorical differences between Chinese social media users who died by suicide and those without suicidal ideation. Methods: The posts of 15 users who died by suicide and 15 not suffering from suicide ideation were annotated by five postgraduates with expertise in analyzing suicidal posts based on rhetorical structure theory (RST). Group differences were compared via a chi-square test. Results: Results showed that users who died by suicide posted significantly more posts and used more rhetorical relations. Moreover, the two groups displayed significant differences in 17 out of 23 rhetorical relations. Limitations: Because this study is largely exploratory and tentative, caution should be taken in generalizing our findings. Conclusions: Our results expand the methods of RST to the online suicidal identification field. There are implications for population-based suicide prevention by combining rhetorical structures with context analysis.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Serious Injuries among Adolescents in Ghana: Findings from 2012 Global School Health Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Martin Ackah ◽  
Mohammed Gazali Salifu ◽  
Hosea Boakye
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
School Students ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Amphetamine Use ◽  
School Truancy ◽  
Serious Injuries ◽  
Smoking Marijuana

Introduction. Injuries are of public health concern and the leading cause of residual disability and death among teenagers, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). In Ghana, the burden of injury among adolescents is under-reported. Hence, the study sought to determine the prevalence of serious injuries (SI) and the potential factors influencing these injuries among school children in Ghana. Methods. This study was conducted in Ghana among Junior High School (JHS) and senior high school students (SHS) using the 2012 Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS) data. The GSHS employed two-stage cluster sampling method. Serious injuries (SI) and independent factors were measured via self-administered questionnaires. Pearson chi-square test between each explanatory variable and serious injuries was conducted and the level of statistical significance was set at 5%. The significant variables from the chi-square test were selected for multiple logistic regression analysis. Multiple logistic regression was performed to estimate the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) at 95% confidence interval (CI). Results. The prevalence of SI in the past 12 months was 66% [CI=61.8–70.2] . The most common cause of SI was fall, 36%. The common types of injuries were cut/stab wounds and broken/dislocated bone. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, after controlling for other variables, educational level (AOR = 0.64, CI = 0.44–0.90, p  < 0.015), suicidal ideation (AOR = 1.58, CI = 1.00–2.48, p  < 0.002), suicidal attempt (AOR = 1.88, CI = 1.29–2.72, p  < 0.001), having at least one close friend (AOR = 1.49, CI = 1.17–1.89, p  < 0.002), school truancy (AOR = 1.66, CI = 1.31–2.09, p  < 0.000), smoking marijuana (AOR = 2.64, CI = 1.22–5.69), and amphetamine use (AOR = 2.95, CI = 1.46–5.69) were independently associated with SI. Conclusion. The findings of the study established a high prevalence of SI among adolescents in Ghana, with cut/stab wound and broken/dislocated bone being the most reported type of injuries. This study also revealed that factors such as educational level, suicidal ideation, suicidal attempt, at least one close friend, school truancy, smoking marijuana, and amphetamine use are associated with SI among the adolescents. Therefore, pragmatic interventional programs should be targeted at these factors to curb the rate of SI among junior and senior school students.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic characteristics influence attitudes towards sexuality in adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-115
Author(s):  
Juliani Da Silva Araújo Alves ◽  
Silvana Granado Nogueira da Gama ◽  
Maria Carmen Moldes Viana ◽  
Katrini Guidolini Martinelli ◽  
Edson Theodoro dos Santos Neto
Keyword(s):  
Family Income ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
School Based ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
Chi Square Test

Backgroung: Attitudes Towards Sexuality in Adolescents (ATSA) are built according to the experiences and different social contexts. Objectives: to analyze attitudes towards sexuality itself, according to socioeconomic factors in adolescents aged. Methods: Cross-sectional school-based study was carried out with 2,292 adolescents enrolled in high school, in 54 schools, through interviews using the Attitudes Toward Sexuality in Adolescents (AFSA) instrument that has four dimensions, and measures the Permissiveness, Communion, Instrumentality and Sexual Practices. Then, the attitude of each adolescent was classified as: unfavorable, indifferent and favorable. Pearson’s Chi-square test and Multinomial Logistic Regression were used in statistical analyses. Results: It was verified that the majority of the adolescents presented unfavorable AFSA, being these behaviors directly associated to: age of 15/16 and 17 years (OR=0.59; OR=0.47); lower secondary education (OR=2.03); adolescent’s head of family having low education (OR=2.00); to live with the partner (OR=2.77); race / color black (OR=2.04) and brown (OR=1.88); and lower family income (OR=2.50). Conclusion: Adolescents with lower socioeconomic status are more likely to have unfavorable attitudes towards their own sexuality.

scholarly journals Budaya Organisasi dan Perilaku Bullying Sesama Rekan Kerja Perawat di RSUD I. A Moeis Samarinda: A Study Komparatif

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rusdi Rusdi ◽  
Sari Basongan
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Being Bullied ◽  
Bullying Behavior ◽  
Work Done ◽  
The Relationship

Bullying behavior that has been experienced and reported, namely: acts of reviling, being bullied related to the work done and discussed about the ugliness or spreading rumors about the nurse himself. In addition, nurses who experience bullying behavior also experience decreased performance. Aims to find out the relationship between organizational culture and bullying behavior among fellow coworkers in RSUD I. A Moeis Samarinda. This type of research is descriptive analytic with Cross Sectional approach. The population of this study, all nurses working at I.A Moeis Hospital in Samarinda were 164 people with a sample of 62 nurses. The study uses probability sampling techniques with simple random sampling and uses the chi square test. Research conducted by researchers showed that from 62 respondents, the statistical test results obtained p value 0.643 while the trophy α = 0.05, it can be seen that the value of p Value> α (0.643> 0.05), which indicates that Ha is rejected Ho accepted but not significant. There is no significant relationship between organizational culture and bullying behavior among fellow nurse colleagues in RSUD I. A Moeis Samarinda.

scholarly journals Factors Relating To Safety Riding Behaviors In Students Of Senior High School 5 Palu

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-145
Author(s):  
Lusia Salmawati ◽  
Shinta Widya Puspita
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Accident Data ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Minor Injuries ◽  
Serious Injuries

Traffic accidents are still a global problem today. Traffic accidents are the main cause of death for all age groups dominated by adolescents. The number of traffic accident cases in Indonesia reached 108,871 incidents with details of which 25,511 people died. Accident data in Central Sulawesi during 2016 reached 1,889 incidents, with 420 dead, 1,076 serious injuries and 2,042 minor injuries. The city of Palu is in order no. 1 with traffic accidents 308 cases with losses of up to 616 million rupiah. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with safety riding behavior. This type of research is quantitative with a Cross Sectional Study approach, sampling using the Proportional Stratified Random Sampling method. The number of samples in this study were 84 respondents. The data were collected using a questionnaire with a Guttman scale. The data obtained were analyzed statistically using the Chi-Square test. The results showed that there was no relationship between knowledge (p = 0.95), while there was a relationship between attitude (p = 0.008), SIM ownership (p = 0.003), and safety riding behavior. To prevent traffic accidents, it is necessary to provide an understanding of Safety Riding, guide traffic discipline, invite them to complete driving licenses, familiarize children with using PPE, and provide motivation to always prioritize safety in driving.

scholarly journals Prevalence and correlates of being bullied among adolescents in Indonesia: results from the 2015 Global School-based Student Health Survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ah Yusuf ◽  
Aziz Nashiruddin Habibie ◽  
Ferry Efendi ◽  
Iqlima Dwi Kurnia ◽  
Anna Kurniati
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Communities ◽  
Correlational Design ◽  
School Based ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Being Bullied

Abstract Introduction Violence against adolescents is prevalent in the world, yet this issue is neglected especially in developing countries. Bullying among adolescents negatively affects the victims in relation to emotional, physical, social and overall health status. This study was conducted to understand bullying and its associated factors in school-going adolescents in Indonesia. Methods This study was a correlational design with a cross-sectional approach. Data were obtained from the 2015 Indonesia Global School-based Health Survey (GSHS). As many as 9969 adolescents in schools were selected by probability proportional to size method and systematic sampling. Variables analyzed on this study were age, sex, smoking behavior, alcohol consumption, close friends and feeling of loneliness. The research instrument used the GSHS 2015 questionnaire. Chi-square (χ2) analysis and multiple logistic regression tests were conducted to determine the significance of each variable. Results A total of 19.9% of adolescents in Indonesian schools were victims of being bullied. Being bullied was associated with ≤14 years old [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.30, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.17–1.45], being male (AOR 1.43, 95% CI 1.28–1.59), being a smoker (AOR 1.46, 95% CI 1.23–1.73), consuming alcohol (AOR 2.07, 95% CI 1.64–2.62), having no close friends (AOR 1.27, 95% CI 0.95–1.70) and feeling lonely (AOR 2.29, 95% CI 2.05–2.55). Conclusion Indonesian in-school adolescents report a relatively high prevalence of having been bullied. Being bullied is related to various factors depending on personal and environmental factors. School communities and health professionals’ attention to adolescents should be sensitized and this issue discussed, developing strategies and minimizing the negative effect on the adolescents. Policy makers need to consider developing a social platform among adolescents to facilitate students’ interaction.

Impact of School-Based Fitness Testing Awards on Physical Activity Guidelines for Children With Disabilities: NHANES 2013-2016

2020 ◽  
pp. 089011712095459
Author(s):  
Willie Leung ◽  
Nicole Fiscella
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Fitness Testing ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
School Based ◽  
Chi Square Test

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the association between school-based fitness testing awards and meeting physical activity guidelines among children with disabilities. Design: Cross-sectional secondary data analysis using NHANES 2013-2016. Setting: Data from NHANES 2013-2016 were used. Sample: 3915 children without disabilities and 647 children with disabilities between ages of 5 to 15 years. Measures: Self-reported from children or proxy response from guardians in above parameters. Analysis: Chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression. Results: There is no significant different between children with and without disabilities in receiving school-based fitness testing awards (×2 = 4.14, p = .05). According to both crude and adjusted model, children with disabilities are more likely to received school-based fitness testing awards than children without disabilities (OR = 1.44, 95% C.I. [.98, 2.12]; OR = 1.27, 95% C.I. [.85, 1.89]). Also, for children with disabilities, children who did not received school-based fitness testing awards are more likely to meet PA guidelines than children who received school-based fitness testing awards according to both crude and adjusted models (OR = 1.71, 95% C.I. [.66, 4.47]; OR = 1.37, 95% C.I. [.59, 3.16]). Conclusion: Receiving school-based fitness testing could potentially increase self-efficacy in engaging in physical activity among children with disabilities. However, there is a need to determine if the current approach of utilizing awards are sufficient enough to promote physical activity among children with disabilities.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Correlates of Truancy among School-Going Adolescents in Mozambique: Evidence from the 2015 Global School-Based Health Survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul-Aziz Seidu
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Parental Supervision ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
School Based ◽  
Being Bullied ◽  
School Based Interventions ◽  
Health Survey Data ◽  
Current Tobacco

This study examined the prevalence of truancy and its associated factors among 1500 school-going adolescents using the 2015 Mozambique Global School-based Student Health Survey data. The association was assessed using bivariate (Chi square) and multivariate (logistic regression) analysis. The prevalence of truancy was 36.6% (38.4% of males and 35.1% of females). It was found that adolescents aged 15 years and older [OR=1.460,95% CI=1.153,1.848], experiencing hunger [OR=1.613 95% CI= 1.051,2.475], current tobacco use [OR=1.613 95%CI=1.051,2.475], being bullied [OR=1.314, 95% CI=1.027,1.681], facing an attack, smoking [OR= 1.893, 95% CI=1.293,2.771], having 1-2 close friends [OR=1.656, 95% CI=1.276,2.14], and feeling lonely [OR=1.295, 95% CI=1.019,1.646] were the factors that predisposed adolescents to truant behaviour. Conversely, parental supervision [OR=0.53, 95% CI=0.232,0.791] was a protective factor against truancy. There is the need to design school-based interventions aimed at reducing truancy in Mozambique by tackling the predisposing factors and encouraging the protective factors.

scholarly journals Prevalence of school violence and use of alcohol and other drugs in adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Aparecida Beserra ◽  
Diene Monique Carlos ◽  
Maria Neto da Cruz Leitão ◽  
Maria das Graças Carvalho Ferriani
Keyword(s):  
School Violence ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Student Health ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
School Based ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Degree Of Association ◽  
Alcohol And Other Drugs

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the school violence suffered and practiced and its association with the use of alcohol and other drugs in adolescents between 12 and 18 years old. Method: the study sample consisted of 643 adolescents enrolled in six schools, who answered two self-administered questionnaires: “Global School-based Student Health Survey” and “Violence in School”. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test and the degree of association between the variables was analyzed using the prevalence ratio. Results: the prevalence of school violence suffered and practiced was 62.2% and 51.9%, respectively. About 44.6% of the aggressors said they did not want to change their behavior. There was an expressive prevalence of alcohol use (16.5%), tobacco (15.7%) and illicit drugs (6.8%), and drunkenness (12.6%). There was a significant association between the violence suffered and the age group of 12 to 14 years old (p=0.001); (p=0.011) and education level in elementary school (p<0.001). In mothers with less than eight years of studies, the association was significant for the violence practiced (p=0.002). Conclusion: the study contributes to the aspects involved in school violence, which can subsidize actions and policies in this area.

scholarly journals Level of Awareness of Dengue Disease among School Children in Gampaha District, Sri Lanka, and Effect of School-Based Health Education Programmes on Improving Knowledge and Practices

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. M. L. Radhika ◽  
Nayana Gunathilaka ◽  
Lahiru Udayanga ◽  
Anuradhani Kasturiratne ◽  
Wimaladharma Abeyewickreme
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Health Education ◽  
School Children ◽  
Dengue Infection ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Dengue Disease ◽  
Preventive Practices ◽  
School Based ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Awareness Programme

Introduction. Limited awareness and nonsystematized health education programmes have contributed adversely to the increase in dengue incidence at schools due to limited attention which has positively contributed to the increase in vector receptivity. The current study was conducted to evaluate the existing level of awareness of dengue infection among a selected group of school children and to assess the effectiveness of dengue awareness programmes to improve the existing knowledge and preventive practices on dengue. Methods. A cohort of 2,194 students (13–15 years old) from 10 schools at Kelaniya educational zone, Gampaha District, Western Province of Sri Lanka, was enrolled for the current study, which was conducted during 2015-2016. A self-administered questionnaire, comprising 20 questions, was used to evaluate the present knowledge of the students on various aspects of dengue. A structured awareness programme (2 hours) was conducted for students, followed by a reassessment. General Linear Model (GLM) and chi-square test of independence were used to investigate the variations in knowledge levels. Results. The majority of students were characterized by “Good” (46.31%, n= 1016) and “Moderate” (42.62%, n= 935) awareness, while only 2.92% (n= 64) of students fell into the “Excellent” (>80%) category prior to the awareness programme. Even though, existing knowledge of students about dengue ranged between “Moderate” and “Good” categories, awareness of “symptoms & patient care” and “control & prevention practices” were limited. After the programme, the awareness level reached the “Excellent” (41.84%, n=918) level indicating a significant increase by 38.92%, according to the chi-square test (p<0.05 at 95% level of confidence). Conclusion. We recommend implementing school-based educational programmes in order to raise the awareness and to translate knowledge into sound practice to control dengue disease epidemics in these areas.

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