A Comparative Study of the Epidemiology of Treponemal Infection in the Volta and Oti Regions of Ghana: A Five-Year Multisite Parallel Population-Based Analysis vis-à-vis the Sentinel Survey

Treponemal infections can be blood-borne with great public health consequences. This study is aimed at comparatively describing the five-year (2013-2017) regional epidemiology of treponemal infection using pregnant women in the sentinel survey and apparently healthy blood donors as a proxy for the general population at four sentinel sites in the Volta and Oti Regions of Ghana. We analyzed retrospective data from 17,744 prospective blood donors aged 18 to 58 years and 7,817 pregnant women in a sentinel survey with ages from 15 to 49 years at Hohoe, Ho, Tongu, and Krachi West sentinel sites in the Volta and Oti Regions. Laboratory data extracted include variables such as age, gender, date of blood donation, and Treponema pallidum chromatographic immunoassay results from the blood banks of the four study sites. The five-year treponemal infection rate among the pregnant women in the sentinel survey and prospective blood donors was 0.79% and 2.38%, respectively. Site-specific infection rate for population-based/sentinel survey was 4.6%/1.1%, 2.0%/0.5%, 1.3%/1.1, and 1.2%/0.3% for Hohoe, Ho, Krachi West, and Tongu, respectively. Significant gender disparity in Treponemal infection rate exists with a male preponderance. The regional infection rate in the sentinel survey is lower compared to the general population. Therefore, the use of pregnant women as a proxy for population estimates could underestimate the burden in the study jurisdiction.

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A comparative study of the epidemiology of Treponemal Infection in the Volta Region of Ghana: A Five-Year Multisite Parallel Population-Based Analysis vis-à-vis the Sentinel Survey

10.21203/rs.2.9743/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Sylvester Yao Lokpo ◽

Ellis Owusu-Dabo ◽

John Gameli Deku ◽

Verner Ndudiri Orish ◽

Gideon Kye-Duodu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Blood Donation ◽

Age Groups ◽

Population Based ◽

Gender Disparity ◽

Treponemal Infection ◽

Volta Region ◽

Study Sites

Abstract Abstract Background: Treponemal infection is contagious and one of the oldest blood-borne infections, with great public health consequences. This study aimed to comparatively describe the five–year (2013-2017) regional epidemiology of Treponemal infection using pregnant women in the Sentinel Survey and apparently healthy blood donors as proxy for the general population at the four sentinel sites in the Volta Region of Ghana. Method: We analysed retrospectively data from 17,744 prospective blood donors aged between 18 to 58 years and 7,805 pregnant women in a Sentinel Survey who fell within the 15 and 49 years age bracket at Hohoe, Ho, Tongu and Krachi-West sentinel sites in the Volta Region. Data extracted included age, gender, date of blood donation and Treponena pallidum chromatographic immunoassay results from the blood banks of the four study sites. Published reports of Sentinel Surveys conducted at the four sentinel sites from the years 2013-2017 were retrieved. Results: The cumulative five-year prevalence of Treponemal infections among the pregnant women in the Sentinel Survey and prospective blood donors was 0.38% and 2.38% respectively. Site-specific prevalence for population-base/Sentinel survey was 4.6%/0.4%, 2.0%/0.2%, 1.3%/0.8 and 1.2%/0.2 for Hohoe, Ho, Krachi-West and Tongu respectively. Treponemal infection rates among the younger age groups (15-24years) were 0.31% in the sentinel survey and 2.22% in the general population. Significant gender disparity in Treponemal infection exist with male preponderance. Conclusion: The regional prevalence of Treponemal infection in the Sentinel Survey is lower compared to the general population. Therefore, the use of pregnant women as proxy for population estimate could lead to underestimation of the burden in the study jurisdiction.

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The Epidemiology of Syphilis in the Volta Region of Ghana: A Five-Year Multisite Parallel Population-Based Analysis vis-à-vis the Sentinel Survey

10.21203/rs.2.9743/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Sylvester Yao Lokpo ◽

Ellis Owusu-Dabo ◽

John Gameli Deku ◽

Verner Ndudiri Orish ◽

Gideon Kye-Duodu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Blood Donation ◽

Population Based ◽

Gender Disparity ◽

Syphilis Infection ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Volta Region ◽

Study Sites

Abstract Background: Syphilis is contagious and one of the oldest sexually transmitted infections, with great public health consequences. This study aimed to comparatively describe the five–year (2013-2017) regional epidemiology of syphilis infection using pregnant women in the Sentinel Survey and apparently healthy blood donors as proxy for the general population at the four sentinel sites in the Volta Region of Ghana. Method: We analysed retrospectively data from 17,744 prospective blood donors aged between 18 to 58 years and 7,805 pregnant women in a Sentinel Survey who fell within the 15 and 49 years age bracket at Hohoe, Ho, Tongu and Krachi-West sentinel sites in the Volta Region. Data extracted included age, gender, date of blood donation and Treponena pallidum chromatographic immunoassay results from the blood banks of the four study sites. Published reports of Sentinel Surveys conducted at the four sentinel sites from the years 2013-2017 were retrieved. Results: The cumulative five-year prevalence of syphilis infections among the pregnant women in the Sentinel Survey and prospective blood donors was 0.38% and 2.38% respectively. Site-specific prevalence for population-base/Sentinel survey was 4.6%/0.4%, 2.0%/0.2%, 1.3%/0.8 and 1.2%/0.2 for Hohoe, Ho, Krachi-West and Tongu respectively. New Syphilis infection rate was 0.31% in the sentinel survey and 2.22% in the general population. Significant gender disparity in syphilis infection exist with male preponderance. Conclusion: The regional prevalence of syphilis infection in the Sentinel Survey is lower compared to the general population. Therefore, the use of pregnant women as proxy for population estimate could lead to underestimation of the burden in the study jurisdiction.

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The Epidemiology of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Syphilis in Ghana: A Five-Year Single Urban Site Parallel Population-Based Analysis vis-à-vis the Sentinel Survey

Journal of Tropical Medicine ◽

10.1155/2018/6574731 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

James Osei-Yeboah ◽

Sylvester Yao Lokpo ◽

Francis Abeku Ussher ◽

Verner Ndudiri Orish ◽

Abdul-Wahab Mawuko Hamid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

General Population ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Population Based ◽

Urban Site ◽

Sentinel Site ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Cumulative Prevalence ◽

Population Based Survey

The study was aimed at comparing the estimation of the burden and trends (2012–2016) of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Syphilis infections by the national Sentinel Survey vis-à-vis the use of population-based studies at a single urban site (Municipal Hospital) in Ho, the Volta Region of Ghana. Using blood donors as a proxy of the asymptomatic adult population, a retrospective analysis of secondary data on HIV and Syphilis testing was conducted using Ho Municipal Hospital’s archives comprising 4,180 prospective blood donors. Published reports from the National Sentinel Survey for the Ho Sentinel Site comprising 2,452 pregnant women from 2012 to 2016 were used. The cumulative prevalence of HIV and Syphilis infections in the population-based survey was 4.78% and 2.58% while the epidemiology was estimated at 2.75% and 0.24% by the Sentinel Survey for the five-year under review. The new HIV and Syphilis infections were 3.78% and 2.46% in the population-based survey compared to 2.64% and 0.23% in the Sentinel Survey. Gender cumulative prevalence and the yearly trend was found to be higher in the general population compared to the pregnant women. The use of pregnant women to estimate the HIV and Syphilis epidemiology might not be representative of the general population.

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Treponemal infection rates, risk factors and pregnancy outcome in a rural area of Senegal

International Journal of STD & AIDS ◽

10.1258/095646203762869241 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 208-215 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Emmanuel Lagarde ◽

Emmanuelle Guyavarch ◽

Jean-Pierre Piau ◽

AÏssatou Gueye-Ndiaye ◽

Karim Seck ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Treponema Pallidum ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

High Rate ◽

Syphilis Infection ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

History Of ◽

Treponemal Infection ◽

Active Syphilis

A rural population of east Senegal has been under demographic surveillance for more than 30 years and a high rate of infertility has been reported. The aim of the study is to describe HIV and treponemal infection epidemiology and association with outcome of pregnancy in a population of rural Senegal. A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 952 randomly-selected adults of a rural community of Senegal. No participant was found to be infected with HIV, 11% had evidence of past syphilis and 5% of active syphilis. Active syphilis was associated among men with age, long-term mobility and having partners in an urban area in the last 12 months and among women with being divorced or widowed. No association was found between past or active syphilis and abortion or stillbirth but women aged 40 and more with past or active syphilis were significantly more likely to have had no history of gestation than women with no evidence of syphilis infection. In conclusion our results call for more research to understand the epidemiology of treponemal infection and to elucidate types of Treponema pallidum involved.

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Prévalence de la syphilis chez les donneurs de sang à la Banque du Sang d’Abéché au Tchad

International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences ◽

10.4314/ijbcs.v14i3.34 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 1085-1092

Author(s):

Djamalladine Mahamat Doungous ◽

Abdelsalam Adoum Doutoum ◽

Adawaye Chatte ◽

Richard Laougangta Dounbe ◽

Elysée Gondimo Gabdibe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Transfusion ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Blood Donation ◽

Treponema Pallidum ◽

Blood Bank ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Prise En Charge ◽

Afrique Subsaharienne ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Transfusion Sanguine

En Afrique subsaharienne, les infections transmissibles par la transfusion sanguine comme la syphilis sont très répandues, avec une prévalence pouvant atteindre 25% chez les donneurs de sang. La présente étude avait pour objectif de déterminer la prévalence de la syphilis chez les donneurs de sang au niveau de la Banque du Sang d’Abéché. Nous avons mené une étude transversale à visée descriptive, qui s’est déroulée de mai à août 2017. Les échantillons de sang des donneurs ont été testés par immunochromatographie pour la détection des anticorps anti-tréponémiques (Biomnis®). Sur 789 donneurs de sang inclus dans l’étude, la prévalence de la syphilis était de 4,9 %. Les donneurs étaient à 96,1% de sexe masculin et 3,9% de sexe féminin. Cette prévalence était plus élevée chez les sujets âgés de [21-30] ans, chez les femmes, les donneurs non scolarisés, divorcés et les domestiques/ménagères habitant la zone d’Abéché urbaine. Ces résultats montrent qu’il est nécessaire de mettre en place une politique de suivi et de prise en charge médicale des donneurs de sang atteints de la syphilis.Mots clés: Transfusion sanguine, receveurs, Treponema pallidum, don de sang. English Title: Prevalence of syphilis in blood donors at Abéché blood bank in ChadIn sub-Saharan Africa, infections transmitted by blood transfusion such as syphilis are widespread, with prevalence up to 25% in blood donors. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of syphilis in blood donors at the Blood Bank of Abéché. It was a descriptive cross-sectional study, which ran from May to August 2017. Donor blood samples were tested by immunochromatography for the detection of anti-treponemal antibodies (Biomnis®). Of the 789 blood donors included in the study, the prevalence of syphilis was 4.9%. Donors were 96.1% male and 3.9% female. This prevalence was higher in subjects aged [21-30] years, women, out-of-school, divorced and domestic / household donors living in the urban Abéché area. These results shows that it is necessary to set up a policy of monitoring and medical care of blood donors with syphilis.Keywords: Blood transfusion, recipients, Treponema pallidum, blood donation.

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Current prevalence of chronic hepatitis B and C virus infection in the general population, blood donors and pregnant women in the EU/EEA: a systematic review

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268817001947 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 145 (14) ◽

pp. 2873-2885 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

S. H. I. HOFSTRAAT ◽

A. M. FALLA ◽

E. F. DUFFELL ◽

S. J. M. HAHNÉ ◽

A. J. AMATO-GAUCI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Chronic Hepatitis ◽

General Population ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Population Estimates ◽

Hcv Prevalence ◽

Hbv Prevalence ◽

The Eu

SUMMARYThis systematic review aimed at estimating chronic hepatitis B (HBV) and C virus (HCV) prevalence in the European Union (EU) and Economic Area (EEA) countries in the general population, blood donors and pregnant women. We searched PubMed©, Embase© and Cochrane Library databases for reports on HBV and HCV prevalence in the general population and pregnant women in EU/EEA countries published between 2005 and 2015. Council of Europe data were used for HBV and HCV blood donor prevalence. HBV general population estimates were available for 13 countries, ranging from 0·1% to 4·4%. HCV general population estimates were available for 13 countries, ranging from 0·1% to 5·9%. Based on general population and blood donor estimates, the overall HBV prevalence in the EU/EEA is estimated to be 0·9% (95% CI 0·7–1·2), corresponding to almost 4·7 million HBsAg-positive cases; and the overall HCV prevalence to be 1·1% (95% CI 0·9–1·4), equalling 5·6 million anti-HCV-positive cases. We found wide variation in HCV and HBV prevalence across EU/EEA countries for which estimates were available, as well as variability between groups often considered a proxy for the general population. Prevalence estimates are essential to inform policymaking and public health practice. Comparing to other regions globally, HBV and HCV prevalence in the EU/EEA is low.

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Cancer Incidence and Mortality in a Cohort of US Blood Donors: A 20-Year Study

Journal of Cancer Epidemiology ◽

10.1155/2013/814842 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Farnaz Vahidnia ◽

Nora V. Hirschler ◽

Maria Agapova ◽

Artina Chinn ◽

Michael P. Busch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

San Francisco ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Blood Donation ◽

Population Based ◽

Health Seeking ◽

California Cancer Registry ◽

The Pacific ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Seeking Behavior

Blood donors are considered one of the healthiest populations. This study describes the epidemiology of cancer in a cohort of blood donors up to 20 years after blood donation. Records from donors who participated in the Retroviral Epidemiology Donor Study (REDS, 1991–2002) at Blood Centers of the Pacific (BCP), San Francisco, were linked to the California Cancer Registry (CCR, 1991–2010). Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) were estimated using standard US 2000 population, and survival analysis used to compare all-cause mortality among donors and a random sample of nondonors with cancer from CCR. Of 55,158 eligible allogeneic blood donors followed-up for 863,902 person-years, 4,236 (7.7%) primary malignant cancers were diagnosed. SIR in donors was 1.59 (95% CI = 1.54,1.64). Donors had significantly lower mortality (adjusted HR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.66–0.74) compared with nondonor cancer patients, except for respiratory system cancers (adjusted HR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.82–1.05). Elevated cancer incidence among blood donors may reflect higher diagnosis rates due to health seeking behavior and cancer screening in donors. A “healthy donor effect” on mortality following cancer diagnosis was demonstrated. This population-based database and sample repository of blood donors with long-term monitoring of cancer incidence provides the opportunity for future analyses of genetic and other biomarkers of cancer.

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SERO-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF HEPATITIS B, C, HIV AND TREPONEMA PALLIDUM AMONG BLOOD DONORS IN HODEIDA CITY- YEMEN

Universal Journal of Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.22270/ujpr.v4i2.256 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Ahmed Mohsen Al-kadassy ◽

Abdulmalik Faisal Saleh Al-Ashiry ◽

Hassan Abdulwahab Al-Shamahy

Keyword(s):

Blood Transfusion ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Blood Donation ◽

Age Groups ◽

Treponema Pallidum ◽

Research Center ◽

Age Group ◽

Test Results ◽

Current Prevalence

Infections transmitted in blood transfusions are the most significant concern associated with blood donation. The purpose of this study was to establish the current prevalence of hepatitis viruses (B and C), HIV and T.pallidium among blood donors at National Blood Transfusion and Research Center (NBTRC) Hodeida Branch, Hodeida city, Yemen. Serological markers of HBV, HCV, HIV 1, 2, T. pallidium antibodies were studied in 25446 (males) using commercially available kits, over a period of 3 years from January 2016 to April 2018 at National Blood Transfusion and Research Center (NBTRC) Hodeida Branch , Hodeida city, Yemen. Also, the prevalence of confirmed-positive test results of these infections was evaluated among different ages. The sero-prevalence of HBV and HCV, HIV, T. pallidium infections based on confirmation tests, were 0.74%, 0.19%, 0.38% and 0.18% respectively. The prevalence of HBV was significantly higher in age groups 37-46 years and 47-56 years with significant associated OR equal to 2.3 (p<0.001) and OR=2.7 (p=0.02) respectively. The prevalence of HCV was significantly higher in age groups 47-56 years with significant associated OR equal to 6.5 (p=0.003). The prevalence of T.pallidium was significantly higher in age group 37-46 years with significant associated OR equal to 3.6 (p<0.001). In conclusion: this study highlights the prevalence of HBV, HCV, HIV, and T. pallidium among different male ages. The prevalence varies from one age group to another, being the lowest among younger and very older age groups. Therefore, extensive recruitment of young donors should help ensure a long-term increase in the blood supply without jeopardizing safety.

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HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HIV 1/2 and syphilis seroprevalence in healthy volunteer blood donors in southeastern Anatolia

The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ◽

10.3855/jidc.2835 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 7 (09) ◽

pp. 665-669 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Saim Dayan ◽

Alicem Tekin ◽

Recep Tekin ◽

Tuba Dal ◽

Salih Hoşoğlu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Healthy Volunteer ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Blood Donation ◽

Treponema Pallidum ◽

University Hospital ◽

Virus Surface ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Syphilis Screening ◽

Anti Hiv ◽

Hiv 1

Introduction: This study investigated the seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody against hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV), antibody against human immunodeficiency virus type 1/2 (anti-HIV 1/2), and antibody against Treponema pallidum (anti-Treponemal or syphilis antibody) in healthy volunteer blood donors, and assessed their distribution according to the years and genders. Methodology: HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HIV ½, and syphilis screening results of a total of 266,035 healthy volunteer blood donors who had been admitted for blood donation to the Regional Blood Center of Dicle University Hospital between January 2000 and December 2010 were evaluated, retrospectively. HBsAg, anti-HCV, and anti-HIV 1/2 screening were performed using a fully automated device with the microparticle enzyme immunoassay method (MEIA). Syphilis screening was performed by Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) carbon test between January 2000 and December 2009, and by using a fully automated device with the MEIA method between January 2010 and December 2010. Results: Of 266,035 healthy volunteer blood donors, 259,384 (97.5%) were male and 6,651 (2.5%) were female. Statistically, there was not any significant difference between male and female genders for HBsAg, anti-HCV and syphilis seropositivities (P = 0.729, P = 0.748, and P = 0.861, respectively). HBsAg was found to be positive in 8,422 (3.17%), anti-HCV in 1,703 (0.64%), anti-HIV 1/2 in one (0.0004%) of 266,035 healthy volunteer blood donors, and syphilis antibody with RPR in 166 (0.07%) of 246,341 healthy volunteer blood donors. Conclusion: Blood donor forms should be carefully tailored to improve the identification of possible risks of transfusion-transmitted infections.

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Increase in SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in healthy blood donors after the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic in South-Eastern Italy: evidence for asymptomatic young individuals as potential virus spreaders

10.1101/2021.07.12.21260358 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

pierfrancesco Antonucci ◽

jose Ramon fiore ◽

lucia de feo ◽

tommaso granato ◽

mariantonirtta distefano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Donors ◽

Blood Donation ◽

Population Based ◽

Clinical Diagnostics ◽

University Hospital ◽

South Eastern ◽

Containment Measures ◽

The Difference ◽

Asymptomatic Individuals ◽

Ortho Clinical Diagnostics

Abstract: Background: Italy has been the first among western countries to experience SARS-CoV-2 spread during which the southern regions were also heavily affected by the pandemic. To understand and monitor properly the evolution of COVID-19 pandemic, population based seroprevalence studies are a valid tool for the infection rates and effective prevalence of the SARS-CoV-2. Aim: In this prospective study, we assessed the changes in SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence rates among non-vaccinated blood donors in South-Eastern Italy over May 2020 to March 2021. Methods: 8,183 healthy blood donors referring to the Transfusion Center at the University Hospital Riuniti of Foggia (Italy) for blood donation in the period May 2020-March 2021 were tested for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies by Ortho Clinical Diagnostics VITROS 3600. None of the considered subjects had a diagnosed symptomatic COVID-19 infection. Results: Overall, 516 resulted positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies (6.3%, 95% CI, 0.03-0.15%), 387 (4.7%) were male and 129 (1.7%) female. A statistically significant increase in the seropositive population was found from May 2020 to March 2021 (Fisher's p<0.001). The difference of the seroprevalence was significant in terms of age but not sex (2-sided p<0.05 for age; 2-sided p>0.05 for sex) in both groups. Conclusion: Our study shows a significant increase in the SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among blood donors and suggests a potential role of asymptomatic individuals in continuing the spread of the pandemic. These results may contribute to establishing containment measures and priorities in vaccine campaigns.

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