scholarly journals Antioxidant Barrier and Oxidative Damage to Proteins, Lipids, and DNA/RNA in Adrenal Tumor Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Barbara Choromańska ◽  
Piotr Myśliwiec ◽  
Tomasz Kozłowski ◽  
Magdalena Łuba ◽  
Piotr Wojskowicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Redox Balance ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Adrenal Tumors ◽  
Glutathione Metabolism ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxides ◽  
Endoscopic Adrenalectomy ◽  
Adrenal Masses ◽  
Oxidative Damage To Proteins

This study is the first to assess redox balance, glutathione metabolism, and oxidative damage to RNA/DNA, proteins, and lipids in the plasma/serum and urine of patients with adrenal masses. The study included 70 patients with adrenal tumors divided into three subgroups: incidentaloma ( n = 30 ), pheochromocytoma ( n = 20 ), and Cushing’s/Conn’s adenoma ( n = 20 ), as well as 60 healthy controls. Blood and urine samples were collected before elective endoscopic adrenalectomy. Antioxidant defense capacity was significantly decreased (serum/plasma: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and reduced glutathione (GSH), uric acid (UA); urine: SOD, GSH, UA) in patients with adrenal masses. The oxidative damage to proteins (advanced glycation end products (AGE), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP)) and lipids (lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), and malondialdehyde (MDA)) was higher in the plasma and urine of these patients. Plasma MDA and DNA/RNA oxidation products, with high sensitivity and specificity, can help to diagnose pheochromocytoma. This biomarker differentiates patients with pheochromocytoma from Cushing’s/Conn’s adenoma as well as from heathy controls. Plasma RNA/DNA oxidation was also positively correlated with urine metanephrine. Oxidative stress can play a crucial role in adrenal tumors. However, further studies are required to clarify the role of redox signaling in adrenal masses.

scholarly journals Salivary Gland Function, Antioxidant Defence and Oxidative Damage in the Saliva of Patients with Breast Cancer: Does the BRCA1 Mutation Disturb the Salivary Redox Profile?

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sawczuk ◽  
Maciejczyk ◽  
Sawczuk-Siemieniuk ◽  
Posmyk ◽  
Zalewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Brca1 Mutation ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Redox Balance ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Oxidative Damage To Proteins

: Oxidative stress plays a key role in breast cancer progression. However, little is still known about the relationship between the BRCA1 mutation, the incidence of breast cancer and oral homeostasis. This is the first study to evaluate the secretory function of salivary glands, biomarkers of redox balance, and oxidative damage to proteins and lipids in the saliva of subjects with the BRCA1 mutation. Ninety eight women were enrolled in the study and allocated to four groups based on molecular DNA testing: generally healthy patients without the BRCA1 mutation, patients with breast cancer but without the BRCA1 mutation, generally healthy patients with the BRCA1 mutation, and patients with both breast cancer and the BRCA1 mutation. We demonstrated that saliva from breast cancer patients with the BRCA1 mutation is characterized by enhanced antioxidant capacity and a higher degree of oxidative damage to proteins and lipids. The BRCA1 mutation can cause a predisposition to early salivary gland dysfunction, both in patients with breast cancer and in healthy individuals, leading to a decrease in salivary proteins. Using cluster analysis, we showed that salivary peroxidase, advanced glycation end-products (AGE), total antioxidant status (TAS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) may have particular clinical significance in non-invasive diagnostics of breast cancer.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Evaluation of the Oral Health Status, Salivary Gland Function, and Oxidative Stress in the Saliva of Patients with Subacute Phase of Stroke: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Gerreth ◽  
Mateusz Maciejczyk ◽  
Anna Zalewska ◽  
Karolina Gerreth ◽  
Katarzyna Hojan
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxides ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Subacute Phase ◽  
Oxidative Damage To Proteins

This is the first study to assess, comprehensively, the oral health status; salivary glands’ function and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense; and oxidative damage to proteins and lipids in the non-stimulated (NWS) and stimulated (SWS) whole saliva of stroke patients. The study included 30 patients in the subacute phase of the stroke and an age and gender-matched control group. We showed that the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and salivary peroxidase) was significantly higher in both NWS and SWS of stroke patients, similarly to uric acid concentration. However, in the study group, the reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration in SWS decreased. The contents of protein glycooxidation products (advanced glycation end products (AGE) and protein oxidation products (AOPP)) and lipid hydroperoxides were significantly higher in NWS and SWS of stroke patients. In the study group there was also a decrease in stimulated saliva secretion and total protein content. Interestingly, products of protein and lipid oxidation correlate negatively with SWS flow. The ROC analysis showed that salivary GSH with 100% specificity and 100% sensitivity differentiates the analyzed groups (AUC = 1.0). To sum up, in subacute stroke patients there are redox imbalances and oxidative damage to proteins and lipids in non-stimulated and stimulated saliva. Stroke patients also suffer from salivary gland dysfunction.

scholarly journals Recovery facilitation with Montmorency cherries following high-intensity, metabolically challenging exercise

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip G. Bell ◽  
Ian H. Walshe ◽  
Gareth W. Davison ◽  
Emma J. Stevenson ◽  
Glyn Howatson
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxides ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Maximum Voluntary Isometric Contraction ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Post Trial ◽  
S Peak ◽  
The Impact

The impact of Montmorency tart cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) concentrate (MC) on physiological indices and functional performance was examined following a bout of high-intensity stochastic cycling. Trained cyclists (n = 16) were equally divided into 2 groups (MC or isoenergetic placebo (PLA)) and consumed 30 mL of supplement, twice per day for 8 consecutive days. On the fifth day of supplementation, participants completed a 109-min cycling trial designed to replicate road race demands. Functional performance (maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), cycling efficiency, 6-s peak cycling power) and delayed onset muscle soreness were assessed at baseline, 24, 48, and 72 h post-trial. Blood samples collected at baseline, immediately pre- and post-trial, and at 1, 3, 5, 24, 48, and 72 h post-trial were analysed for indices of inflammation (interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor alpha, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP)), oxidative stress (lipid hydroperoxides), and muscle damage (creatine kinase). MVIC (P < 0.05) did not decline in the MC group (vs. PLA) across the 72-h post-trial period and economy (P < 0.05) was improved in the MC group at 24 h. IL-6 (P < 0.001) and hsCRP (P < 0.05) responses to the trial were attenuated with MC (vs. PLA). No other blood markers were significantly different between MC and PLA groups. The results of the study suggest that Montmorency cherry concentrate can be an efficacious functional food for accelerating recovery and reducing exercise-induced inflammation following strenuous cycling exercise.

scholarly journals Lipoxidation products as biomarkers of oxidative damage to proteins during lipid peroxidation reactions

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (supp5) ◽  
pp. 48-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Requena ◽  
M.-X. Fu ◽  
M. U. Ahmed ◽  
A. J. Jenkins ◽  
T. J. Lyons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Oxidative Damage To Proteins

Highly sensitive detection of DNA damage in living cells by SERS and electrochemical measurements using a flexible gold nanoelectrode

The Analyst ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zhou ◽  
Dan Yang ◽  
Guohui Liu ◽  
Siying Li ◽  
Wennan Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Electrochemical Measurements ◽  
Sensitive Detection ◽  
Dna Oxidative Damage ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Highly Sensitive Detection ◽  
Gold Nanoelectrode

Guanine (G) oxidation products, such as 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and 8-oxo-guanine (8-OXOG), have been widely studied as promising biomarkers for DNA oxidative damage.

Abstract 177: Promotion Of Nitroso-redox Balance By Beta 3 Adrenoceptor Agonism: Therapeutic Implications For Cardiovascular Complications Of Diabetes

2014 ◽  
Vol 115 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyvan Karimi Galougahi ◽  
Chia-chi Liu ◽  
Alvaro Garcia ◽  
Natasha A Fry ◽  
Clare L Hawkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Cardiac Myocytes ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Pump Current ◽  
Redox Balance ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Oxidative Modification ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Endothelial Nitric Oxide

Rationale: Disrupted balance between NO and O2.- is central in pathobiology of diabetes-induced cardiomyopathy and vascular dysfunction. We examined if stimulation of β3 adrenergic receptors (β3 ARs), coupled to endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activation, would re-establish NO/O2.- balance, relieve oxidative inhibition of key caveolar proteins and protect against diabetes-induced cardiovascular dysfunction. Methods/Results: A hyperglycemic, hyperinsulinemic state was established in male White New Zealand rabbits by infusion of the insulin receptor antagonist S961 (12 μg/kg/h). Diabetes induced NADPH oxidase-dependent glutathionylation (GSS-) of the caveolar proteins Na+-K+ pump’s β1 subunit and eNOS in cardiac myocytes and aorta, an oxidative modification that inhibits the pump and uncouples eNOS. Consistent with this, diabetes was associated with reduced electrogenic Na+-K+ pump current in voltage-clamped cardiac myocytes and impaired endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation. Selective β3 AR agonist CL316243 (CL, 40 μg/kg/h) restored NO levels analysed by spin-trapping of NO-Fe(DETC)2 complexes; decreased diabetes-induced elevation in O2.- measured by HPLC analysis of dihydroethidium oxidation products, improved endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation, and restored the Na+-K+ pump function in cardiac myocytes. These effects were mediated by CL abolishing diabetes-induced increase in eNOS-GSS and β1-GSS through a decrease in forward reaction rate for glutathionylation by suppressing diabetes-induced NADPH oxidase activation, which was further amplified by promotion of de-glutathionylation via enhancement in association of glutaredoxine-1, the enzyme catalysing de-glutathionylation, with eNOS and Na+-K+ pump. Conclusion: β3 AR activation re-established nitroso-redox balance and relieved oxidative inhibition of key caveolar proteins in diabetes. β3 AR agonists are promising in treatment of diabetes-induced cardiovascular complications.

scholarly journals Exposure to Ti4Al4V Titanium Alloy Leads to Redox Abnormalities, Oxidative Stress, and Oxidative Damage in Patients Treated for Mandible Fractures

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Borys ◽  
Mateusz Maciejczyk ◽  
Bożena Antonowicz ◽  
Adam Krętowski ◽  
Danuta Waszkiel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Redox Balance ◽  
Passive Layer ◽  
Oxidative Modification ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
Mandible Fractures ◽  
Increased Activity

Due to the high biotolerance, favourable mechanical properties, and osseointegration ability, titanium is the basic biomaterial used in maxillofacial surgery. The passive layer of titanium dioxide on the surface of the implant effectively provides anticorrosive properties, but it can be damaged, resulting in the release of titanium ions to the surrounding tissues. The aim of our work was to evaluate the influence of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy on redox balance and oxidative damage in the periosteum surrounding the titanium miniplates and screws as well as in plasma and erythrocytes of patients with mandibular fractures. The study included 31 previously implanted patients (aged 21–29) treated for mandibular fractures and 31 healthy controls. We have demonstrated increased activity/concentration of antioxidants both in the mandibular periosteum and plasma/erythrocytes of patients with titanium mandibular fixations. However, increased concentrations of the products of oxidative protein and lipid modifications were only observed in the periosteum of the study group patients. The correlation between the products of oxidative modification of the mandible and antioxidants in plasma/erythrocytes suggests a relationship between the increase of oxidative damage at the implantation site and central redox disorders in patients with titanium miniplates and screws.

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