scholarly journals The Effect of Needle Tract Nursing Methods to Reduce Needle Tract Infection in Patients with Indwelling Percutaneous Bone Puncture

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Weichao Li ◽  
Qiongshan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Clinical Work ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Bone Infections ◽  
Needle Tract ◽  
Tract Infections

Percutaneous bone piercing needles are used in orthopedics, which play the role of needle fixation. Needle tract infection is a common complication during the use of percutaneous bone needles. How to prevent needle tract infection is an important topic, so it is necessary to explore better needle tract care methods during percutaneous bone needle indwelling, to provide a basis for clinical work. Based on this, the purpose of this article is to study the effects of needle tract nursing methods for patients with indwelling percutaneous bone puncture needle infections. In this article, through an overview of percutaneous bone needle tract infection, on this basis, a detailed analysis of its occurrence, causes, and main influencing factors are carried out. Experimental studies have shown that the incidence of needle tract infections is 23.64%, mainly mild needle tract infections. Mild needle tract infections account for 84.62% of all needle tract infections, of which grade 1 needle tract infections account for 50.00 of mild needle tract infections. Severe needle tract infections accounted for 15.38% of all needle tract infections. All severe needle tract infections were grade 4 needle tract infections. No patients had bone infections or osteomyelitis.

scholarly journals Emerging Role of Microbiome in the Prevention of Urinary Tract Infections in Children

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 870
Author(s):  
Anna Kawalec ◽  
Danuta Zwolińska
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Urologic Diseases ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The Impact

The microbiome of the urinary tract plays a significant role in maintaining health through the impact on bladder homeostasis. Urobiome is of great importance in maintaining the urothelial integrity and preventing urinary tract infection (UTI), as well as promoting local immune function. Dysbiosis in this area has been linked to an increased risk of UTIs, nephrolithiasis, and dysfunction of the lower urinary tract. However, the number of studies in the pediatric population is limited, thus the characteristic of the urobiome in children, its role in a child’s health, and pediatric urologic diseases are not completely understood. This review aims to characterize the healthy urobiome in children, the role of dysbiosis in urinary tract infection, and to summarize the strategies to modification and reshape disease-prone microbiomes in pediatric patients with recurrent urinary tract infections.

scholarly journals Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections due to Asymptomatic Colonic Diverticulitis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelos Falidas ◽  
Georgios Anyfantakis ◽  
Stavros Boutzouvis ◽  
Michail Kyriakopoulos ◽  
Stavros Mathioulakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Colonic Diverticulitis ◽  
Colovesical Fistula ◽  
Tract Infections

Colovesical fistula is a common complication of diverticulitis. Pneumaturia, fecaluria, urinary tract infections, abdominal pain, and dysuria are commonly reported. The authors report a case of colovesical fistula due to asymptomatic diverticulitis, and they emphasize the importance of deeply investigate recurrent urinary tract infection without any bowel symptoms. They also briefly review the literature.

scholarly journals Risk factors of the fungal urinary tract infections

2021 ◽  
pp. 178-184
Author(s):  
N. V. Sturov ◽  
S. V. Popov ◽  
I. Yu. Shmelkov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Tract Infections

The role of fungi as causative agents of infections is growing. In in-patients, especially at intensive care units, fungal infections might cause serious problems. Studies conducted over recent years shows an increase of fungi detection in urine in in-patients from 5,01 up to 10,63%. Most often, the appearance of fungi in the urine connected with contamination or colonization of the urinary tract. However, in immunocompromised patients, this could be the part of urinary tract infection and even of disseminated fungal process. Candida is the most common cause of fungal urinary tract infections. At the same time, the presence of Candida in urine (candiduria) not always comes with clinical signs of urethritis, cystitis and pyelonephritis. Detection of noCandida albicans agents in urine is increasing, new Candida species revealed are resistant to antifungal drugs so risk of complications is increasing. Recent researches reveal new mechanisms of how Candida interacts with the bacteria that cause urinary infections. The main mechanisms of Candida virulence factors are dimorphism, adhesion proteins — Als1-7,9 and Gls, invasion enzymes — phospholipase, Als3 and Ssa1, as well as enzymes that neutralize reactive oxygen species. The most significant risk factors of fungal urinary tract infection are the presence of a urinary catheter, diabetes mellitus, immunosuppression and previous antibiotic intake. The study of the formation process of the cellular and immune response to Candida makes it possible to identify the main links in the pathogenesis of urinary tract candidiasis, as well as the main role of immunosuppression in the development of the disease.

Role of Vitamin D in Children with Respiratory Tract Infection

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Esposito ◽  
E. Baggi ◽  
S. Bianchini ◽  
P. Marchisio ◽  
N. Principi
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Doses

It has recently been shown that vitamin D (VitD) plays an important role in host defences, inflammation and immunity. We reviewed PubMed and selected all of the studies published over the last 15 years concerning VitD deficiency and VitD supplementation in children with respiratory tract infections. Our analysis showed that VitD seems to be very important because of its part in the complexity of the immune system. However, there are few pediatric studies and most have various limitations. First of all, the literature mainly refers to studies concerning the prevalence of VitD insufficiency and deficiency in specific pathologies. Secondly, it is extremely difficult to identify a common specific range of normal, insufficient and deficient VitD levels. Thirdly, the available studies of VitD supplementation often combined VitD with the use of other micronutrients, thus obscuring the role of VitD itself. Finally, different doses have been used for VitD supplementation. These observations clearly highlight the fact that further studies are needed to evaluate the impact of VitD deficiency and insufficiency in terms of the epidemiology and outcomes of pediatric respiratory tract infection, and whether VitD supplementation favours a positive outcome.

scholarly journals Role of imaging in children with urinary tract infections

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 751
Author(s):  
Subash Sundar ◽  
Balaji Chinnasami ◽  
Kanimozhi Sadasivam ◽  
Sekar Pasupathy
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Acute Pyelonephritis ◽  
Voiding Cystourethrography ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Voiding Cystourethrogram ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Time Of Admission

Background: As per recommendation from the American Academy of pediatrics a child with first episode of urinary tract infection should be evaluated for underlying urinary tract abnormalities by undergoing voiding cystourethrogram, ultrasonogram of urinary tract and radionuclide imaging of kidney. We studied role of these imaging studies in picking up renal abnormalities.Methods: We conducted a descriptive study in which 100 children aged 1mth-12 years with documented urinary tract infection (UTI) were included. Ultrasonogram (USG) and radionuclide renal scan were obtained at the time of admission. Voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) was performed after 6weeks to look for vesicoureteric reflux.Results: Forty three children underwent both DMSA and follow up VCUG. Ultrasonogram picked up acute pyelonephritis (APN) in 7.1% of children with UTI while 31.1% had pyelonephritis on DMSA. Overall incidence of VUR was 16.3%. The sensitivity of USG for VUR detection was only 14.2%. The sensitivity of USG as a screening test for APN is 7%.Conclusions: All children less than five years with UTI must undergo DMSA and VCUG. Ultrasonography is less sensitive in detecting VUR and acute pyelonephritis.

scholarly journals Role of Enterococcus faecalisSurface Protein Esp in the Pathogenesis of Ascending Urinary Tract Infection

2001 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 4366-4372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Shankar ◽  
C. Virginia Lockatell ◽  
Arto S. Baghdayan ◽  
C. Drachenberg ◽  
Michael S. Gilmore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Bladder Tissue ◽  
Urine Bladder ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACT Enterococcus faecalis bacteria isolated from patients with bacteremia, endocarditis, and urinary tract infections more frequently express the surface protein Esp than do fecal isolates. To assess the role of Esp in colonization and persistence of E. faecalis in an animal model of ascending urinary tract infection, we compared an Esp+strain of E. faecalis to its isogenic Esp-deficient mutant. Groups of CBA/J mice were challenged transurethrally with 108 CFU of either the parent or mutant strain, and bacteria in the urine, bladder, and kidneys were enumerated 5 days postinfection. Significantly higher numbers of bacteria were recovered from the bladder and urine of mice challenged with the parent strain than from the bladder and urine of mice challenged with the mutant. Colonization of the kidney, however, was not significantly different between the parent and mutant strains. Histopathological evaluations of kidney and bladder tissue done at 5 days postinfection did not show marked histopathological changes consistent with inflammation, mucosal hyperplasia, or apoptosis, and there was no observable difference between the mice challenged with the parent and those challenged with the mutant. We conclude that, while Esp does not influence histopathological changes associated with acute urinary tract infections, it contributes to colonization and persistence of E. faecalis at this site.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of meatal cleaning in the prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infections and bacteriuria: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e046817
Author(s):  
Brett Mitchell ◽  
Cassie Curryer ◽  
Elizabeth Holliday ◽  
Claire M Rickard ◽  
Oyebola Fasugba
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Potential Benefit ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Indwelling Catheter ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Urinary Catheterisation

ObjectiveA systematic review on meatal cleaning prior to urinary catheterisation and post catheterisation and reduces the risk catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) and bacteriuria was published in 2017, with further studies undertaken since this time. The objective of this paper is to present an updated systematic review on the effectiveness of antiseptic cleaning of the meatal area for the prevention of CAUTIs and bacteriuria in patients who receive a urinary catheter.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesElectronic databases Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Medline and Academic Search Complete were searched from 1 January 2016 and 29 February 2020.Eligibility criteriaRandomised controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental studies evaluating the use of antiseptic, antibacterial or non-medicated agents for cleaning the meatal, periurethral or perineal areas before indwelling catheter insertion or intermittent catheterisation or during routine meatal care.Data extraction and synthesisData were extracted using the Cochrane Collaboration’s data collection form for RCTs and non-RCTs. Data were extracted by one researcher and then checked for accuracy by a second researcher.ResultsA total of 18 studies were included. Some potential benefit of using antiseptics, compared with non-antiseptics for meatal cleaning to prevent bacteriuria and or CAUTI was identified (OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.69 to 1.02; p=0.071). Antiseptics (chlorhexidine or povidine-iodine) may be of value for meatal cleaning on the incidence of CAUTI, compared with comparator agents (saline, soap or antimicrobial cloths) (OR=0.65, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.99; p=0.047).ConclusionThere is emerging evidence of the role of some specific antiseptics (chlorhexidine) prior to urinary catheterisation, in reducing CAUTIs, and some potential benefit to the role of antiseptics more generally in reducing bacteriuria.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42015023741.

Risk Factors in Diabetes and Pregnant Women with Urinary Tract Infections Compared to Younger Aged Female.

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-38
Author(s):  
Abdulghani Mohamed Alsamarai ◽  
Shler Ali Khorshed
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Female Student ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Infected Female ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Urinary tract infection is common with health impact in women and characterised by failure to treatment and recurrent episodes. Aim: This study was conducted to determine the risk factors for the development of urinary tract infection in diabetic and pregnant women in comparison to student female. Materials and methods: A prospective cross-sectional study conducted during the period from 1st of June 2015 to the end of January 2016. The population included in the study are 563 women, of them 425 were outpatients, and 138 were inpatients. Their age range between 18 and 80 years, with a mean age of 33.59±15.29 years. Urine samples collected and cultured on blood agar and MacConkey agar by spread plate technique. Bacterial colonies with different morphology were selected, purified and identified according to their biochemical characteristics using conventional standard methods. Results: In diabetic women, there were no significant difference in mean age and BMI values between culture positive and culture negative groups. However, pus cell mean scale was significantly higher [P=0.000] in women with urinary tract infection [1.76±1.25] than in those with negative culture [0.69±1.00]. In pregnant women, BMI mean value was significantly [P=0.013] lower in pregnant women with UTI [26.14] as compared to those without infection [26.99]. Pus cell scale mean value was significantly [P=0.000] higher in pregnant women with UTI [1.55] than women with negative UTI [0.85]. While there was no significant difference in mean age between UTI positive and negative pregnant women. In female student, there was a significant difference between UTI infected and non-infected in mean age [P=0.041] and pus cell scale [P=0.000]. However, BMI was not significantly different between infected and non-infected female student. Other risk factors association are variables in the 3 groups when analysed using X2, while AUC and OR show different trends of association between risk factors and UTI. Conclusion: BMI, pus cell scale, child number, delivery method, operation history and hospital setting were significantly associated with culture positivity in the 3 studied groups as determined by AUC. While OR confirmed association with pus sale scale in the 3 groups.

Epigenetic factors and molecular markers of the risk of early pregnancy losses

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Nataly I Frolova ◽  
Tatiana E Belokrinitskaya
Keyword(s):  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Pregnancy Complication ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Epigenetic Factors ◽  
Genetic Determination ◽  
Periconceptional Period ◽  
Combined Impact

Background. Miscarriage is a common complication in early pregnancy. Current studies have shown a higher prevalence of miscarriage, ranging from 10 to 20%. The review is devoted to modern concepts of etiology and pathogenesis of early pregnancy losses. Aim. Assess the role of epigenetic factors and molecular-genetic markers in the pathogenesis and prediction of early pregnancy losses Materials and methods. In order to write this review domestic and foreign publications were searched in Russian and international search systems (PubMed, eLibrary, etc.) for the last 10-15 years. Relevant articles from the peer-reviewed literature and clinical practice guidelines were included. Results. Many recent studies have proved the contribution of various epigenetic factors to the pathogenesis of spontaneous miscarriages, and the molecular-genetic determination such kinds of pregnancy complication has been confirmed. Conclusion. The miscarriage in early gestation is driven by combined impact of epigenetic and molecular-genetic factors, as well as the presence of intergenic interactions. It is may lead to deterioration of physiological functions, and maternal pathologenic pathways could be changed as during her periconceptional period as so during the pregnancy.

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