scholarly journals The Role of RIPC in Preventing Organ Damage, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress during Lower Limb DSA: A Randomised Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Karl Kuusik ◽  
Teele Kasepalu ◽  
Mihkel Zilmer ◽  
Jaan Eha ◽  
Mare Vähi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Sham Group ◽  
Troponin T ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Cardiac Biomarkers ◽  
Endovascular Procedure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sham Intervention

Objective. Diagnostic digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and DSA with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (DSA-PTA) are common procedures for diagnosing and treating symptomatic lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD). However, organ damage following DSA and DSA-PTA is often underrecognised and hence undiagnosed. To reduce the risk induced by invasive procedures in symptomatic LEAD patients, the method of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) has been suggested. The aim of the current study was to assess the effect of RIPC intervention on the organ damage markers profile, oxidative stress, and inflammation biomarkers in LEAD patients undergoing DSA and DSA-PTA procedure. Methods. The RIPC intervention was performed by inflating a standard blood pressure cuff on the patient’s upper arm to 200 mmHg for 5 minutes four times with 5-minute perfusion between each cycle. The sham intervention was performed similarly, but the cuff was inflated to 20 mmHg. Changes in the cardiac and renal damage biomarkers’ profile, oxidative stress, and inflammation biomarkers were recorded before and 24 hours after DSA or DSA-PTA. Results. A total of 111 (RIPC 54, sham 57) patients with symptomatic LEAD scheduled for endovascular procedure were randomised, and 102 patients (RIPC 47, sham 55) completed the study protocol. RIPC significantly limited the increase of adiponectine levels after DSA and DSA-PTA, compared to sham intervention ( p = 0.020 ), but CK-MB levels were markedly lower in the sham group ( p = 0.047 ) after procedure. There was no significant difference between the RIPC and the sham group in mean changes in hs-troponin-T ( p = 0.25 ), NT-proBNP ( p = 0.24 ), creatinine ( p = 0.76 ), eGFR ( p = 0.61 ), urea ( p = 0.95 ), beta-2-microglobuline ( p = 0.34 ), or cystatine C ( p = 0.24 ) levels. Conclusion. In this controlled clinical study, RIPC failed to improve the profile of renal and cardiac biomarkers in patients with LEAD periprocedurally. RIPC significantly limits the rise in adiponectin levels and may influence the decrease of CK-MB levels 24 hours after endovascular procedure.

scholarly journals Pilot Clinical Trial of Time-Restricted Eating in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 346
Author(s):  
Iwona Świątkiewicz ◽  
Celestyna Mila-Kierzenkowska ◽  
Alina Woźniak ◽  
Karolina Szewczyk-Golec ◽  
Jarosław Nuszkiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
European Population ◽  
Cardiac Biomarkers ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
And Behavior

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and erratic eating patterns are associated with circadian rhythm disruption which contributes to an increased cardiometabolic risks. Restricting eating period (time-restricted eating, TRE) can restore robust circadian rhythms and improve cardiometabolic health. We describe a protocol of the Time-Restricted Eating on Metabolic and Neuroendocrine homeostasis, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress (TREMNIOS) pilot clinical trial in Polish adult patients with MetS and eating period of ≥14 h/day. The study aims to test the feasibility of TRE intervention and methodology for evaluating its efficacy for improving metabolic, neuroendocrine, inflammatory, oxidative stress and cardiac biomarkers, and daily rhythms of behavior for such population. Participants will apply 10-h TRE over a 12-week monitored intervention followed by a 12-week self-directed intervention. Changes in eating window, body weight and composition, biomarkers, and rhythms of behavior will be evaluated. Dietary intake, sleep, activity and wellbeing will be monitored with the myCircadianClock application and questionnaires. Adherence to TRE defined as the proportion of days recorded with app during the monitored intervention in which participants satisfied 10-h TRE is the primary outcome. TREMNIOS will also provide an exploratory framework to depict post-TRE changes in cardiometabolic outcomes and behavior rhythms. This protocol extends previous TRE-related protocols by targeting European population with diagnosed MetS and including long-term intervention, validated tools for monitoring dietary intake and adherence, and comprehensive range of biomarkers. TREMNIOS trial will lay the groundwork for a large-scale randomized controlled trial to determine TRE efficacy for improving cardiometabolic health in MetS population.

Developing and Validating a Sham Acupuncture Needle

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 118-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A Tough ◽  
Adrian R White ◽  
Suzanne H Richards ◽  
Brian Lord ◽  
John L Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Trigger Point ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Sham Acupuncture ◽  
Previous Experience ◽  
Credibility Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sham Intervention ◽  
Sham Acupuncture Group ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Objectives To develop a sham needle device and test its credibility as a control for acupuncture when used in a randomised controlled trial of myofascial trigger point needling in patients with whiplash associated pain. Methods Sham needles were developed by blunting true acupuncture needles. Whiplash injured patients (<16 weeks duration) were randomly allocated to receive either true acupuncture or the “placebo” sham needle control. The true and sham needling interventions were delivered using the same standardised procedure. Patients were informed that they would receive either real or placebo needles, and asked (i) to state which treatment they believed they had received (treatment belief); (ii) to complete the four item Borkovec and Nau self-assessment credibility scale. Results were compared between groups and the analysis explored whether a patient's previous experience of acupuncture was related to their treatment belief. Other outcomes of the study will be reported elsewhere. Results 20 patients received the true acupuncture and 21 received the sham. There was no significant difference between the treatment beliefs of the two groups (χ 2 = 1.51; p>0.2) nor in the mean item scores on the Borkovec and Nau credibility scale (t test, p values ranged from 0.38 to 0.87). Of the patients in the sham acupuncture group who had previous experience of acupuncture, none recorded receiving the sham intervention. Conclusion Within the context of this pilot study, the sham acupuncture intervention was found to be a credible control for acupuncture. This supports its use in a planned, definitive, randomised controlled trial on a similar whiplash injured population.

Cardiac magnetic resonance in patients with elevated troponin and normal coronary angiography

Heart ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (16) ◽  
pp. 1231-1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subir Bhatia ◽  
Christopher Anstine ◽  
Allan S Jaffe ◽  
Bernard J Gersh ◽  
Krishnaswamy Chandrasekaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Troponin T ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Stress Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Cardiac Biomarkers ◽  
Elevated Troponin ◽  
Coronary Arterial Disease ◽  
Ischaemic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Single Centre Study

BackgroundInvasive angiography in the setting of cardiac troponin elevation may reveal non-obstructive coronary arteries leading to uncertainty in diagnosis. Cardiac MR (CMR) may aid in diagnosis, however, the spectrum of diagnostic findings in the patient presenting with symptoms of cardiac ischaemia, elevated cardiac biomarkers and a negative invasive coronary angiogram is yet to be completely described.MethodsWe queried the Mayo Clinic, Rochester inpatient record from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2016 to identify patients who: (1) had an elevated troponin T during admission, (2) underwent coronary angiography within 30 days of troponin T elevation which was considered negative for obstructive coronary arterial disease and (3) underwent CMR within 30 days of troponin T elevation. CMR diagnoses were classified as either (1) myocarditis, (2) small area myocardial infarction, (3) stress cardiomyopathy, (4) non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy or (5) normal.ResultsOf 215 patients, the spectrum of disease seen on CMR was myocarditis (32%), small area infarction (22%), non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy (20%) and stress cardiomyopathy (9.3%).ConclusionIn the largest single-centre study assessing the role of CMR in patients admitted with elevated troponin T with a non-obstructive coronary disease on an angiogram, small area infarction was seen in 22% of patients.

Probable antioxidant therapy of Saffron Crocin in patients with multiple sclerosis: A randomized controlled trial

Biomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 516-521
Author(s):  
Sara Ami Ahmadi ◽  
Azin Kazemi ◽  
Mohammadmahdi Sabahi ◽  
Shahab Razipour ◽  
Arash Salehipour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oxidative Damages ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
And Control

Introduction and Aim: Multiple Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex neurological condition  might emerge as a result ofcomplex combination of genetic risk factors with environmental triggers, including oxidative stress. in this study we aimed to evaluate the effects of oral Crocin on oxidative stress in patients with MS.  Materials and Methods: Adjunct to standard treatment, the Crocin group (20 patients) received 30-mg/day (15 mg twice daily) dose of Crocin and placebo group (20 patients) received for 4 weeks. Saliva and urine samples were collected to determine the levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase activity (CAT), total thiol groups (TTG), lipid peroxidation (LPO), were measured at baseline and the end of the study.   Results: At baseline, there were no significant differences of LPO, TAC, CAT, and TTG of urine between the control and case groups. However, a significant difference was found after 4 weeks of Crocin-therapy in TTG,TAC and LPO (p<0.05) except in CAT activity (P>0.05). We found no deffrence in urinary TTG level and CAT activity in control group at the end of intervention (P>0.05), while TAC and LPO level were significantly different at the end of the study as compared with the beginning (P<0.05). Althugh, we found no significant difference in saliva LPO, TTG and TAC levels and the activity of CAT in case and control groups at first (p>0.05), Crocin administration have resulted in a significant increase in saliva TTG and TAC levels as well as CAT activity and markedly decrease in LPO level (p<0.05). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, Crocin can significantly reduce the several oxidative stress factors in MS patients and may contributes to attenuates the oxidative damages.

scholarly journals Antioxidatant Effect of Atorvastatin and Rosuvastatin in Hyperlipidemic Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
Samia Haque Tonu ◽  
Jasmine Fauzia Dewan ◽  
Nargis Akhter ◽  
Md Enamul Haque ◽  
Md Abdul Wahab
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Serum Lipid Profile ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Oxidative Stress Status

Introduction: Hyperlipidemia is a major risk for the development of atherosclerosis leading to cardiovascular complications. Atorvastatin and rosuvastatin are two widely used important members of the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statins). The beneficial effects of statins on clinical events also involve lipid-independent mechanisms which include improvement of oxidative stress status. Objective: To compare the antioxidative effect of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin in patients with hyperlipidemia. Materials and Methods: A prospective randomized single-center analytic study was carried out in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka from March 2016 to August 2017 on 52 hyperlipidemic patients. After randomization patients were assigned to atorvastatin 10 mg or rosuvastatin 5 mg daily for 8 weeks. Blood was collected at baseline and after the intervention to measure plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), erythrocyte reduced glutathione (GSH) (as biomarkers of oxidative stress) and serum lipid profile. Results: The baseline characteristics of patients treated with atorvastatin and rosuvastatin were almost identical. The level of plasma MDA in atorvastatin (1.35 ± 0.94 to 0.97± 0.64) and rosuvastatin (1.56±0.69 to 0.98±0.38) group was significantly reduced after intervention (28.15%, p<0.05 and 37.18%, p<0.001 respectively) but no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) was observed between the two statin-treated groups. Erythrocyte GSH level was increased after intervention in both atorvastatin (2.43±2.90 to 4.14 ± 4.87) group (70.37%, p<0.01) and rosuvastatin (2.76±3.80 to 8.36±12.93)  group (202.90%, p<0.01), which was statistically significant. No significant difference was observed between the two groups (p>0.05). Both atorvastatin and rosuvastatin significantly improved serum lipid profile. Conclusion: Both atorvastatin and rosuvastatin significantly improved oxidative stress status in hyperlipidemic patients but no significant change was observed between the two statin-treated groups. Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14(1) 2018: 54-58

scholarly journals Effect of Intraoperative Goal-directed Balanced Crystalloid versus Colloid Administration on Postoperative Cardiac Outcome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Reiterer ◽  
Barbara Kabon ◽  
Alexander Taschner ◽  
Oliver Zotti ◽  
Andrea Kurz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Troponin T ◽  
Fluid Management ◽  
Wall Stress ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Cardiac Biomarkers ◽  
Myocardial Wall ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cardiac Outcome ◽  
To Receive

Abstract Background : N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and troponin T are released during myocardial wall stress and/or ischemia and are strong predictors for postoperative cardiovascular complications. However, the effect of goal-directed crystalloid versus colloid administration on NT-proBNP and troponin T, especially in relatively healthy patients undergoing moderate- to high risk abdominal surgery, still remains unclear. Thus, we evaluated in this subanalysis the effect of a goal-directed crystalloid versus a goal-directed colloid fluid regimen on postoperative cardiac outcome. Methods: 30 patients were randomly assigned to receive additional fluid boluses of 6% hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 and 30 patients to receive lactated Ringer´s solution. Intraoperative fluid management was guided by oesophageal Doppler according to a previously published algorithm. The primary outcome were differences of maximum NT-proBNP (maxNT-proBNP) and maximum troponin T (maxTnT) concentrations during the first two postoperative days between both study groups. We defined maxNT-proBNP and maxTnT as maximum values measured 2 hours after surgery and on the first and second postoperative day. Results: In total 56 patients were analysed. There was no significant difference in postoperative maximum NT-proBNP between the colloid group (258.7 ng/L (IQR 199.4 to 782.1)) and the crystalloid group (440.3 ng/L (IQR 177.9 to 691.2)) during the first 2 postoperative days ( P = 0.29). 5 patients in the colloid group and 7 patients in the crystalloid group developed MINS ( P = 0.75). Conclusions: Postoperative cardiac outcome as defined by cardiac biomarkers was not significantly affected by goal-directed colloid administration; however, there was a tendency of lower maximum NT-proBNP concentrations in patients receiving colloids. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01195883)

scholarly journals Effect of different cardioprotective methods on extracorporeal circulation in fetal sheep: a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-bo Yan ◽  
Shuo Shi ◽  
Qian-biao Wu ◽  
Jin-sheng Cai ◽  
Bin-feng Lei
Keyword(s):  
Extracorporeal Circulation ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Troponin T ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Tunel Staining ◽  
Preservation Solution ◽  
Fetal Sheep ◽  
Pregnant Sheep ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Congenital heart disease is a leading cause of death in newborns and infants. The feasibility of fetal cardiac surgery is linked to extracorporeal circulation (ECC); therefore, cardioplegic solutions need to be effective and long-lasting. Methods Eighteen pregnant sheep were divided into an ECC-only group, St. Thomas’ Hospital cardioplegic solution (STH1) group (STH group), and HTK preservation solution (Custodiol®) group (HTK group). Markers of myocardial injury including troponin I (cTnI), troponin T (cTnT) and creatine kinase myocardial band (CKMB) were measured at specific time points (T1: pre-ECC, T2: 30 min of ECC, T3: 60 min of ECC, T4: 60 min post-ECC, T5: 120 min post-ECC). Myocardial tissue was removed from the fetal sheep at T5, and apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining. Results Changes in the serum cTnI, cTnT and CKMB concentrations were not significantly different among the three groups before and during the ECC(T1,T2,T3). At 60 min after ECC shutdown(T4), cTnI and cTnT concentrations were significantly higher in the STH group than before the start of ECC. The concentration of cTnI was higher in the STH group than in the HTK and ECC-only groups. The concentration of cTnT was higher in the STH group than in the ECC-only group. At 120 min after ECC shutdown(T5), cTnI and cTnT concentrations were significantly higher in the ECC and HTK groups than before the start of ECC, and CKMB concentration was significantly higher in STH and HTK groups. The concentrations of cTnT, cTnI and CKMB was higher in the STH group than in the HTK and ECC-only groups. The number of TUNEL-positive cells in the HTK and STH groups was higher than in the ECC-only group. The number of TUNEL-positive cells in the STH group was higher than in the HTK group. There was no statistically significant difference among the groups in the heart rate and mean arterial pressure after ECC. Conclusion The HTK preservation solution was significantly better than STH1 in reducing the release of cardiomyocyte injury markers and the number of apoptotic cells in fetal sheep ECC. Fetal sheep receiving ECC-only had an advantage in all indicators, which suggests ECC-only fetal heart surgery is feasible.

scholarly journals EFEK HEPATOPROTEKTOR FRAKSI TIDAK TERSABUNKAN DARI DALMS TERHADAP KONDISI STRES OKSIDATIF PADA TIKUS WISTAR

AGRICA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-44
Author(s):  
Yuyun Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dose Fraction ◽  
Fraction I

Palm oil fatty acid distillate (POFAD) is a byproduct of the process of refining palm oil, which still contains compounds. As a result of the increasing production of palm oil in Indonesia and POFAD, making POFAD has the potential as a source of tocotrienols, which can act as natural antioxidants and protect the liver against oxidative stress. The purpose of this study was to study the effects of hepatoprotection of the non-atomized fraction of POFAD in vivo and to find out the best dose of non-soapy fraction of POFAD on MDA levels, SOD of rat liver, and histopathological features in oxidative stress conditions due to waste cooking oil intake. The study design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) which was composed of 6 treatment groups consisting of negative (normal), positive (indiscriminate) control groups, non-dose fraction I (100 mg/kg BW) fractions, non-soapy fractions dose II (200 mg/kg body weight), non-atomic dose III (500 mg/kg body weight), the non-dose fraction (1000 mg/kg body weight) and each treatment were repeated four times. Observational data obtained were processed statistically with the ANOVA test and continued with the Smallest Significant Difference Test (BNT) processed with SPSS for Windows 16 series. The results of this study indicate that the non-soapy fraction of palm oil fatty acid distillates has the ability to protect the liver from organ damage to dose III, namely the administration of non-soapy fractions at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight.

scholarly journals Effects of Carob Fruit Extract on Spermatogenesis, Antioxidant Status, and Apoptosis in Adult Male Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-189
Author(s):  
Seyed Sadegh Sadat ◽  
Shabnam Mohammadi ◽  
Ghasem Sazegar ◽  
Alireza Fazel ◽  
Alireza Ebrahimzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Sham Group ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Background: Certain plants stimulate spermatogenesis and increase fertility; in contrast, some plants arrest the spermatogenesis cycle. Ceratonia siliqua is an herb plant with a strong antioxidant property. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of carob fruit extract on spermatogenesis, testicular apoptosis, and oxidative stress in adult male mice. Methods: Forty adult male mice were randomly divided into five groups: control, sham, and carob 1–3. The sham group was injected with normal saline and the carob 1–3 groups were injected with 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg of the carob fruit extract intraperitoneally for 14 days, respectively. At the end of the injection period, spermatogenesis, testicular apoptosis, and oxidative stress were examined. Results: The sperm parameters increased in the mice that received 200 mg/kg of carob compared to the sham group (p <0.05). There was a significant increase in the weight index of the epididymis in the carob 3 group in comparison to the sham group (p = 0.01). The number of positive tunnel cells was not statistically significant between different groups (p>0.05). The level of malondialdehyde decreased in the carob 1 and carob 3 groups, but this reduction was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). In addition, the statistical analysis showed a significant difference in the mean superoxide dismutase levels in the carob 2 and carob 3 groups in comparison to the sham group (p ≤ 0.001). The statistical analysis showed a significant increase in the mean level of the catalase enzyme in the carob 1 group in comparison to the sham (p = 0.02), and carob 2 groups (p = 0.008). Conclusion: The administration of 200 mg of the carob fruit extract for 14 days increased the testicular index as well as sperm parameters and decreased the level of oxidative stress in the testicular tissue of adult mice.

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