scholarly journals Molecular Prevalence and Identification of Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma platys from Dogs in Nay Pyi Taw Area, Myanmar

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Myint Myint Hmoon ◽  
Lat Lat Htun ◽  
May June Thu ◽  
Hla Myet Chel ◽  
Yu Nandi Thaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ehrlichia Canis ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Anaplasma Platys ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Glta Gene ◽  
Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis ◽  
Veterinary Importance ◽  
Healthy Dogs

Ticks are vectors of different types of viruses, protozoans, and other microorganisms, which include Gram-negative prokaryotes of the genera Rickettsiales, Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, and Borrelia. Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis caused by Ehrlichia canis and canine cyclic thrombocytopenia caused by Anaplasma platys are of veterinary importance worldwide. In Myanmar, there is limited information concerning tick-borne pathogens, Ehrlichia and Anaplasma spp., as well as genetic characterization of these species. We performed nested PCR for the gltA gene of the genus Ehrlichia spp. and the 16S rRNA gene of the genus Anaplasma spp. with blood samples from 400 apparently healthy dogs in Nay Pyi Taw area. These amplicon sequences were compared with other sequences from GenBank. Among the 400 blood samples from dogs, 3 (0.75%) were positive for E. canis and 1 (0.25%) was positive for A. platys. The partial sequences of the E. canis gltA and A. platys 16SrRNA genes obtained were highly similar to E. canis and A. platys isolated from different other countries.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma platys in household dogs from northern Parana

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gislaine Cristina Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Aline do Nascimento Benitez ◽  
Aline Girotto ◽  
Alessandra Taroda ◽  
Marilda Carlos Vidotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ehrlichia Canis ◽  
Differential Diagnoses ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Routine Laboratory ◽  
Anaplasma Platys ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis ◽  
Hematological Alterations

Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis caused primarily by Ehrlichia canis and canine thrombocytic anaplasmosis induced by Anaplasma platys are important emerging zoonotic tick-borne diseases of dogs. There is evidence that these pathogens can also affect humans. This study evaluated the presence of E. canis and A. platys in blood samples collected from 256 domiciled dogs in the municipality of Jataizinho, located in north region of the State of Parana, Brazil, by PCR assay. The occurrence of E. canis and A. platys was 16.4% (42/256) and 19.4% (49/256), respectively; while 5.47% (14/256) of the dogs evaluated were co-infected by these two organisms. The presence of E. canis and A. platys was not significantly associated with the variables evaluated (sex, age, outdoor access, and presence of ticks during blood collection). Infection of dogs by E. canis was associated with anemia and thrombocytopenia, while infection induced by A. platys was related only to thrombocytopenia. Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis and canine thrombocytic anaplasmosis should be included in the differential diagnoses when these hematological alterations are observed during routine laboratory evaluation of dogs.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of a ceftriaxone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae strain found in Switzerland: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad Egli ◽  
Anna Roditscheff ◽  
Ursula Flückiger ◽  
Martin Risch ◽  
Lorenz Risch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
23S Rrna Gene ◽  
Allele Type ◽  
Ciprofloxacin Resistance

Abstract Background The resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to ceftriaxone is unusual in Switzerland. The underlying genotype responsible for resistance is suspected to be novel. Generally, resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Ng) involves a comprehensive set of genes with many different mutations leading to resistance to different β-lactams and fluoroquinolones. Case presentation A patient had a positive result from specific PCR for Ng. We routinely culture all clinical specimens with a positive NG-PCR. In this particular case, we isolated a strain with resistance to ceftriaxone in Switzerland. A total of seven different genes (penA, ponA, porinB, mtr, gyrA, parC, 23S rRNA gene) in this strain were partially sequenced for comparison with phenotypic susceptibility testing. Interestingly, two different mutations in the porinB gene were observed, and data on this gene are limited. Information on the identified allele type of the penA gene is very limited as well. Three different mutations of parC and gyrA that correlate with ciprofloxacin resistance were found. The combination of ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin resistance makes an appropriate treatment difficult to obtain due to multidrug resistance. Conclusion The combined results for all genes show the appearance of new mutations in central Europe either due to worldwide spread or the emergence of new genetic combinations of mutations.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Major Antigenic Protein 2 of Ehrlichia canis and Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Its Application for Serodiagnosis of Ehrlichiosis

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 520-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamece T. Knowles ◽  
A. Rick Alleman ◽  
Heather L. Sorenson ◽  
David C. Marciano ◽  
Edward B. Breitschwerdt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blot Analysis ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Ehrlichia Canis ◽  
Specific Method ◽  
Ehrlichia Chaffeensis ◽  
Antigenic Protein ◽  
Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis ◽  
Copy Gene ◽  
Species Specific

ABSTRACT Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis, caused by Ehrlichia canis or Ehrlichia chaffeensis, can result in clinical disease in naturally infected animals. Coinfections with these agents may be common in certain areas of endemicity. Currently, a species-specific method for serological diagnosis of monocytic ehrlichiosis is not available. Previously, we developed two indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) using the major antigenic protein 2 (MAP2) of E. chaffeensis and E. canis. In this study, we further characterized the conservation of MAP2 among various geographic isolates of each organism and determined if the recombinant MAP2 (rMAP2) of E. chaffeensis would cross-react with E. canis-infected dog sera. Genomic Southern blot analysis using digoxigenin-labeled species-specific probes suggested that map2 is a single-copy gene in both Ehrlichia species. Sequences of the single map2 genes of seven geographically different isolates of E. chaffeensis and five isolates of E. canis are highly conserved among the various isolates of each respective ehrlichial species. ELISA and Western blot analysis confirmed that the E. chaffeensis rMAP2 failed to serologically differentiate between E. canis and E. chaffeensis infections.

scholarly journals Short Communication: Molecular characterization and blood hematology profile of dogs infected by Ehrlichia canis in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yustinus oswin primajuni Wuhan ◽  
Aris Haryanto ◽  
Ida Tjahajati
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Ehrlichia Canis ◽  
Infected Blood ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Glta Gene ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Positive Results

Abstract. Wuhan YOP, Haryanto A, Tjahajati I. 2020. Short Communication: Molecular characterization and blood hematology profile of dogs infected by Ehrlichia canis in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 3242-3248. Ehrlichia canis is Gram-negative intracellular obligate bacteria that cause ehrlichiosis, a companion vector-borne disease is a potentially fatal disease that attacks dogs. The purpose of this study was to molecular characterize and determine the features of Ehrlichia-infected blood based on the amplification of the gltA gene in Ehrlichia infected dogs from Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Blood samples were collected from 51 dog patients from the Prof. Dr. Soeparwi Animal Hospital, animal clinics, and pet shops based on the anamnesis, clinical sign, and physical examination, followed by microscopic examination, routine hematology, PCR amplification, and DNA sequencing were carried out on the blood samples. Based on positive PCR amplification and blood hematology profile examination ehrlichiosis-positive in dogs showed that thrombocytopenia case was 82.3%, anemia was 70.5%, eosinopenia was 70.5%, neutropenia was 29.4%, monocytopenia was 23%, leukopenia was 17% and lymphopenia was 11.7%. Morulae of Ehrlichia sp.was not found in microscopic examination. Molecularly, detected of E. canis using the gltA gene showed that 34% of samples were positive results. Then 5 of positive Ehrlichia samples were DNA sequenced, they showed a high homology of 100% with Hat Yai isolates (KU765199.1). There was no genetic diversity between E. canis samples in Yogyakarta.

Amplification of Ehrlichial DNA from Dogs 34 Months after Infection with Ehrlichia canis

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimon Harrus ◽  
Trevor Waner ◽  
Itzhak Aizenberg ◽  
Janet E. Foley ◽  
Amy M. Poland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Carrier State ◽  
Ehrlichia Canis ◽  
Beagle Dogs ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Healthy Dogs ◽  
First Time ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescent

In order to determine whether dogs in the subclinical phase of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME) are carriers of Ehrlichia canis and to determine the significance of persistent indirect immunofluorescent anti-E. canis antibody titers during this phase, PCR was performed with blood, bone marrow, and splenic aspirates collected 34 months postinoculation from six clinically healthy beagle dogs experimentally infected with E. canis. At least one of the three samples (spleen, bone marrow, and blood) from four of the six dogs was PCR positive. The spleens of all four of these dogs were PCR positive, and the bone marrow and blood of two of the four dogs were PCR positive. Indirect immunofluorescent-antibody titers increased progressively during the first 5 months postinfection, remained high for an additional period of more than 11 months, and declined thereafter, suggesting that the dogs were recovering from the disease. Five of the dogs remained seropositive 34 months postinfection. The data obtained in this study demonstrate for the first time that clinically healthy dogs in the subclinical phase of CME are carriers of the rickettsia. It was shown that dogs can harbor E. canisfor years without developing the chronic clinical disease and that dogs can eliminate the parasite and recover from CME without medical treatment. Our findings suggest that the spleen is the organ most likely to harbor E. canis parasites during the subclinical phase and the last organ to accommodate the parasite before elimination. It was concluded that PCR of DNA extracted from splenic aspirates is a reliable method for determining the carrier state of CME.

scholarly journals Efficacy of a Doxycycline Treatment Regimen Initiated during Three Different Phases of Experimental Ehrlichiosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 5012-5020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer C. McClure ◽  
Michelle L. Crothers ◽  
John J. Schaefer ◽  
Patrick D. Stanley ◽  
Glen R. Needham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Treatment Regimen ◽  
Rhipicephalus Sanguineus ◽  
Ehrlichia Canis ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Persistently Infected ◽  
Doxycycline Treatment ◽  
Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis ◽  
Three Phases

ABSTRACT Doxycycline is the treatment of choice for canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME), a well-characterized disease and valuable model for tick-borne zoonoses. Conflicting reports of clearance of Ehrlichia canis after treatment with doxycycline suggested that the disease phase during which treatment is initiated influences outcomes of these treatments. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a 28-day doxycycline regimen for clearance of experimental E. canis infections from dogs treated during three phases of the disease. Ten dogs were inoculated with blood from E. canis carriers and treated with doxycycline during acute, subclinical, or chronic phases of CME. Daily rectal temperatures and semiweekly blood samples were monitored from each dog, and Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks were acquisition fed on each dog for xenodiagnosis. Blood collected from dogs treated during acute or subclinical CME became PCR negative for E. canis as clinical parameters improved, but blood samples collected from dogs treated during chronic CME remained intermittently PCR positive. R. sanguineus ticks fed on dogs after doxycycline treatments became PCR positive for E. canis, regardless of when treatment was initiated. However, fewer ticks became PCR positive after feeding on two persistently infected dogs treated with doxycycline followed by rifampin, suggesting that antibiotic therapy can reduce tick acquisition of E. canis.

scholarly journals Detection and molecular characterisation of Ehrlichia canis in naturally infected dogs in South West Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olukayode Olugbenga Daramola ◽  
Michael Irewole Takeet ◽  
Ibironke Kofoworola Oyewusi ◽  
Mufutau Atanda Oyekunle ◽  
Adewale Oladele Talabi
Keyword(s):  
Ehrlichia Canis ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Rickettsial Disease ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Canine Ehrlichiosis ◽  
South West ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Reference Sequences ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene

Canine ehrlichiosis is an important tick-borne rickettsial disease mainly caused by Ehrlichia canis. This study aimed to detect and characterise E. canis in dogs in Abeokuta, Nigeria by microscopy and nested PCR. Blood samples were collected from 205 dogs, thin smears were made, field-stained, and DNA was extracted from the blood samples. A partial region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced unidirectionally. Ehrlichial morulae were detected in three dogs (1.5%). The PCR test revealed that 47 dogs (22.9%) were positive for E. canis. The lengths of the sequences obtained range from 374 bp to 376 bp with an average G-C content of 37% and 98–99% homology with the reference sequences in GenBank. The aligned autochthonous sequences were less polymorphic. The phylogenetic analysis separated sequences reported previously in Nigeria from the autochthonous sequences. The present work shows that the strain of E. canis detected in the study area is genetically different from those reported in the northern part of Nigeria and more closely related to sequences from Brazil and India.

scholarly journals Clinicopathological and molecular profiles of Babesia vogeli infection and Ehrlichia canis coinfection

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1294-1302
Author(s):  
Thanakorn Rawangchue ◽  
Sivapong Sungpradit
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Ehrlichia Canis ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Canine Babesiosis ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Babesia Vogeli ◽  
Molecular Profiles

Background and Aim: Canine babesiosis, a tick-borne parasitic disease, is caused by the hemoprotozoa, Babesia vogeli, and Babesia gibsoni. Infection with these parasites, which is endemic globally, leads to life-threatening immunosuppression in dogs. The merozoites invade the red blood cells (RBCs) of infected dogs. Ehrlichia canis, an intracellular bacterium that infects monocytes, is transmitted by the same tick species (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) during blood consumption and coinfection with B. vogeli and E. canis has been reported. Although the hematology and biochemistry of canine babesiosis have been studied, more studies are needed to develop a better understanding of the hematobiochemical and molecular profiles associated with cases of single infection and coinfection of canine babesiosis in Thailand. This study aimed to investigate the hematological, biochemical, and molecular profiles of B. vogeli infection and E. canis coinfection. Materials and Methods: The study included 33 B. vogeli–positive blood samples and 11 E. canis–coinfected blood samples. To exclude coinfection with Hepatozoon canis and Anaplasma platys, only dogs with B. vogeli infection and B. vogeli–E. canis coinfection were included in the study. A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was conducted to detect B. vogeli, E. canis, and H. canis, and a conventional PCR assay was conducted for the detection of A. platys. Besides, the PCR assay and sequencing, comprehensive data analysis was conducted, including a microscopic blood parasite examination and hematological and biochemical data analysis. Results: The comparison of the hematobiochemical data between the B. vogeli–positive and E. canis coinfection groups identified that there were statistically significant differences in the RBC parameters, including RBC count, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, and RBC distribution width (p=0.001). Neither B. vogeli infection nor coinfection with E. canis was associated with the sex, breed, recorded clinical signs, geographic origin of the dog and also B. vogeli 18S rRNA gene sequencing results. Conclusion: Coinfection with E. canis increased the severity of babesiosis. The pathogenic mechanisms underlying this infection, such as destruction of RBCs, require further investigation. This study may enhance diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of canine babesiosis.

scholarly journals Detection and molecular characterization of Hepatozoon canis, Babesia vogeli, Ehrlichia canis, and Anaplasma platys in dogs from Metro Manila, Philippines

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
Davin Edric V. Adao ◽  
Charles Michael T. Herrera ◽  
Luiza H. Galarion ◽  
Nicole R. Bolo ◽  
Rhodora S. Carlos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Ehrlichia Canis ◽  
Hepatozoon Canis ◽  
Anaplasma Platys ◽  
Babesia Vogeli ◽  
Metro Manila

scholarly journals Molecular and serological detection of Ehrlichia canis in naturally exposed dogs in Iran: an analysis on associated risk factors

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadi Maazi ◽  
Abdolali Malmasi ◽  
Parviz Shayan ◽  
Seyed Mahdi Nassiri ◽  
Taghi Zahraei Salehi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Ehrlichia Canis ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serological Detection ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
First Time ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene

The general aim of this study, which was conducted for the first time in Iran, was to evaluate the seroprevalence and geographical distribution of Ehrlichia canis in a dog population in Iran, followed by molecular confirmation using PCR and sequencing. Blood samples were collected from 240 dogs in different areas of Alborz and Tehran Provinces and initially analyzed using the immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) test to detect anti-Ehrlichia canis IgG antibodies. Subsequently, nested PCR was performed based on a fragment of the 16S rRNA gene of E. canis on serologically positive samples. The results showed that 40/240 dogs (16.6%) presented anti-Ehrlichia canis IgG antibodies and that nine of the blood samples from the 40 seropositive dogs (22.5%) contained E. canis DNA, which was confirmed by sequencing. The seroprevalence of E. canis tended to be higher in purebred, one to three-year-old male dogs living in the Plain zone, in rural areas; however, this difference was not statistically significant.

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