scholarly journals Positioning of Apple’s Growth Cycle Based on Pattern Recognition

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Wenfeng Li ◽  
Yulin Yuan ◽  
Shikang Hu ◽  
Mei Li ◽  
Wenxiu Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Shape Model ◽  
Cycle Plays ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
The Individual

The positioning of the apple growth cycle plays a very important role in predicting the development of apples and guiding fruit farmers in agricultural operations. The traditional method of manually positioning the apple growth cycle has problems such as low efficiency and poor accuracy. Pattern recognition provides support for continuous and rapid positioning during the apple growth process. Under the natural conditions of the orchard, due to the large differences in the individual colors of the apples during the growth process and the influence of factors such as light changes, the photographed apple images are more complex, which brings certain difficulties to the segmentation and recognition of the apples. In this paper, pattern recognition is used to automatically identify and extract the growth stages of apples, a hue intensity (HI) color segmentation algorithm based on a Gaussian distribution model based on prior knowledge is studied, and then an active shape model (ASM) is used to identify each period of apple growth based on pattern recognition. After a series of experimental verifications, the ASM-based automatic identification method proposed in this paper is feasible and can identify the various growth periods of apples, thereby serving the mechanized production of apples.

scholarly journals Extremes of age are associated with differences in the expression of selected pattern recognition receptor genes and ACE2, the receptor for SARS-CoV-2: implications for the epidemiology of COVID-19 disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen W. Bickler ◽  
David M. Cauvi ◽  
Kathleen M. Fisch ◽  
James M. Prieto ◽  
Alicia G. Sykes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Pattern Recognition Receptor ◽  
Human Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Large Dataset ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Recognition Receptor

Abstract Background Older aged adults and those with pre-existing conditions are at highest risk for severe COVID-19 associated outcomes. Methods Using a large dataset of genome-wide RNA-seq profiles derived from human dermal fibroblasts (GSE113957) we investigated whether age affects the expression of pattern recognition receptor (PRR) genes and ACE2, the receptor for SARS-CoV-2. Results Extremes of age are associated with increased expression of selected PRR genes, ACE2 and four genes that encode proteins that have been shown to interact with SAR2-CoV-2 proteins. Conclusions Assessment of PRR expression might provide a strategy for stratifying the risk of severe COVID-19 disease at both the individual and population levels.

scholarly journals Handwritten English Character Recognition and translate English to Devnagari Words

2019 ◽  
pp. 142-151
Author(s):  
Shivali Parkhedkar ◽  
Shaveri Vairagade ◽  
Vishakha Sakharkar ◽  
Bharti Khurpe ◽  
Arpita Pikalmunde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Character Recognition ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Feature Vectors ◽  
Form Processing ◽  
Knn Classifier ◽  
Gabor Feature ◽  
Handwritten Document ◽  
The Individual

In our proposed work we will accept the challenges of recognizing the words and we will work to win the challenge. The handwritten document is scanned using a scanner. The image of the scanned document is processed victimization the program. Each character in the word is isolated. Then the individual isolated character is subjected to “Feature Extraction” by the Gabor Feature. Extracted features are passed through KNN classifier. Finally we get the Recognized word. Character recognition is a process by which computer recognizes handwritten characters and turns them into a format which a user can understand. Computer primarily based pattern recognition may be a method that involves many sub process. In today’s surroundings character recognition has gained ton of concentration with in the field of pattern recognition. Handwritten character recognition is beneficial in cheque process in banks, form processing systems and many more. Character recognition is one in all the favored and difficult space in analysis. In future, character recognition creates paperless environment. The novelty of this approach is to achieve better accuracy, reduced computational time for recognition of handwritten characters. The proposed method extracts the geometric features of the character contour. These features are based on the basic line types that forms the character skeleton. The system offers a feature vector as its output. The feature vectors so generated from a training set, were then used to train a pattern recognition engine based on Neural Networks so that the system can be benchmarked. The algorithm proposed concentrates on the same. It extracts totally different line varieties that forms a specific character. It conjointly also concentrates on the point options of constant. The feature extraction technique explained was tested using a Neural Network which was trained with the feature vectors obtained from the proposed method.

scholarly journals A NEW FULLY-AUTOMATIC PROCEDURE FOR THE IDENTIFICATION AND THE COUPLING OF THE OVERTOPPING WAVES

2018 ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Mizar Formentin ◽  
Barbara Zanuttigh
Keyword(s):  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Practical Relevance ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Fully Automatic ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Coupling Algorithm ◽  
Submerged Conditions

This contribution presents a new procedure for the automatic identification of the individual overtopping events. The procedure is based on a zero-down-crossing analysis of the water-surface-elevation signals and, based on two threshold values, can be applied to any structure crest level, i.e. to emerged, zero-freeboard, over-washed and submerged conditions. The results of the procedure are characterized by a level of accuracy comparable to the human-supervised analysis of the wave signals. The procedure includes a second algorithm for the coupling of the overtopping events registered at two consecutive gauges. This coupling algorithm offers a series of original applications of practical relevance, a.o. the possibility to estimate the wave celerities, i.e. the velocities of propagation of the single waves, which could be used as an approximation of the flow velocity in shallow water and broken flow conditions.

scholarly journals Variation characteristics of stem water content in Lagerstroemia indica and its response to microenvironment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Liang ◽  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Yandong Zhao ◽  
Chao Gao ◽  
Hailan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Multiple Regression Equation ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Rational Allocation ◽  
Variation Characteristics ◽  
Stem Water

To achieve a rational allocation of limited water resources, and formulation of an appropriate irrigation system, this research studied the change characteristics of stem water content (StWC) in plant and its response to micro-environmental factors. In this study, the StWC and micro-environmental factors of Lagerstroemia indica in Beijing were continuously observed by BD-IV plant stem water content sensor and a forest microclimate monitoring station from 2017 to 2018. The variation of StWC and its correlation with environmental factors were analyzed. The results showed the StWC of Lagerstroemia indica varies regularly day and night during the growth cycle. Meanwhile, the rising time, valley time, and falling time of StWC were various at the different growth stages of Lagerstroemia indica. The results of correlation analysis between StWC and micro-environmental factors indicated that the StWC of Lagerstroemia indica was positively correlated with air relative humidity, while it was negatively correlated with total radiation and air temperature. The multiple regression equation of StWC and micro-environmental factors of Lagerstroemia indica was StWC = 11.789-1.402Rn-0.931T-1.132Ws+0.933RH-3.368ST+2.168SMC, and the coefficient of determination of the equation was of 0.87. Furthermore, the results illustrated that the irrigation should pay attention to supplementing irrigation in time during the peak growing season of fruit.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Dynamics Reveal Stage-Specific and Melatonin-Triggered Gene Expression Patterns During The Cashmere Growth Cycle in Capra Hircus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Li ◽  
Cong Feng ◽  
Guangyuan Ma ◽  
Shaoyin Fu ◽  
Ming Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Receptor Interaction ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Gene Expression Patterns ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Nf Kappa B

Abstract Background Cashmere goat is famous for its high-quality fibers. The growth of cashmere in secondary hair follicles exhibits a seasonal pattern arising from circannual changes in the natural photoperiod. Although several studies have compared and analyzed the differences in gene expression between different cashmere growth stages, the selection of samples in these studies relies on research experience or morphological evidence. Distinguishing cashmere growth cycle according to gene expression patterns may help to explore the regulation mechanisms related to cashmere growth and the effect of melatonin from a molecular level more accurately. Results In this study, we applied RNA-sequencing to the hair follicles of three normal and three melatonin-treated Inner Mongolian cashmere goats sampled every month during a whole cashmere growth cycle. A total of 3559 and 988 genes were subjected as seasonal changing genes (SCGs) in the control and treated groups, respectively. The SCGs in the normal group are divided into three clusters, and their specific expression patterns help to group the cashmere growth cycle into anagen, catagen and telogen stages. Some canonical pathways such as Wnt, TGF-beta and Hippo signaling pathways are detected as promoting the cashmere growth, while Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, Jak-STAT, Fc epsilon RI, NOD-like receptor, Rap1, PI3K-Akt, cAMP, NF-kappa B and many immune-related pathways are detected in the catagen and telogen stages. The PI3K-Akt signaling, ECM-receptor interaction and Focal adhesion are found in the transition stage between telogen to anagen, which may serve as candidate biomarkers for telogen-anagen regeneration. Pairwise comparisons between the control and melatonin-treated groups also indicate 941 monthly differentially expressed genes (monthly DEGs). These monthly DEGs are mainly distributed from April and September, which reveal a potential signal pathway map regulating the anagen stage triggered by melatonin. Enrichment analysis shows that Wnt, Hedgehog, ECM, Chemokines and NF-kappa B signaling pathways may be involved in the regulation of non-quiescence and secondary shedding under the influence of melatonin. Conclusions Our study decodes the key regulators of the whole cashmere growth cycle, laying the foundation for the control of cashmere growth and improvement of cashmere yield.

Visualization of Individual Growth-Related Craniofacial Changes Based on Cephalometric Landmark Data: A Pilot Study

2002 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Lux ◽  
Jens Starke ◽  
Jan Rübel ◽  
Angelika Stellzig ◽  
Gerda Komposch
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Behavior ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Shape Change ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
Craniofacial Skeleton ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Landmark Data ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Shape Changes

Objective: An approach based on Euclidean distances between cephalometric landmarks is presented (1) to visualize and localize the individual shape changes of the complex craniofacial skeleton during growth and (2) to depict the individual dynamic behavior of developmental size and shape changes. Patients and Method: Growth-related craniofacial changes were investigated exemplarily for two male orthodontically untreated subjects from the Belfast Growth Study on the basis of lateral cephalograms at 7, 9, 11, 13, and 15 years. The interlandmark distances among seven skeletal cephalometric landmarks served as a database for the study. A modified Karhunen-Loèvedecomposition based on orthogonal modes and time-dependent scalar amplitudes was used to describe the growth process. The individual shape changes of the various craniofacial regions were visualized by allocation of colors to the respective distances, and overdrawn representations were reconstructed by means of multidimensional scaling. Results and Conclusions: This visualization technique allows anatomical regions to be characterized with respect to reduced or strengthened growth, compared with pure size changes. The clinically relevant mechanisms of craniofacial changes are visualized (e.g., shifts in the anteroposterior or vertical dimensions of the jaws in relation to cranial base and structural imbalances during development). In addition, overdrawing the effects of shape change on the skeletal structures gives a more readily comprehensible impression of the growth process. Taking account of the methodical limitations of this approach (e.g., the restrictions concerning the number of landmarks), the clinician may take advantage of this technique in orthodontic or surgical diagnostics to gain additional insight into the individual complex size and shape changes during development along with their dynamic behavior.

Analyses of Aerosol Concentrations and Bacterial Community Structures for Closed Cage Broiler Houses at Different Broiler Growth Stages in Winter

2018 ◽  
Vol 81 (9) ◽  
pp. 1557-1564
Author(s):  
LINLIN JIANG ◽  
JIANLONG ZHANG ◽  
JINXIU TANG ◽  
MENG LI ◽  
XIAOYU ZHAO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Dynamic Pattern ◽  
Different Growth Stages

ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to analyze the aerosol concentrations and microbial community structures in closed cage broiler houses at different broiler growth stages to assess the dynamic pattern of microbial aerosols in closed cage systems. Our results revealed that the total concentration of bacterial aerosols gradually increased during the growth cycle of broilers. High-throughput sequencing of 16S rDNA revealed that microbial compositions differed tremendously during different growth stages, although Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were the dominant taxa in samples from all broiler growth stages. At the genus level, dominant phylotypes displayed great variation during different growth stages. Escherichia and Shigella were the most dominant taxa throughout the growth cycle, increasing from 4.3 to 12.4% as the broilers grew. The alpha index revealed that the microbial diversity displayed significant differences between the different growth stages and that the bacterial community had the highest diversity when broilers were 22 days old. High-throughput sequencing analyses revealed that environmental microbes and opportunistic pathogens had relatively high abundances during the winter growth period. The data revealed the composition and aerodynamic diameters of microbial aerosols in closed cage broiler houses at different broiler growth stages in winter. The results also enabled us to elucidate the dynamic pattern of microbial aerosols in broiler houses in response to bacterial communities. Our results may provide a basis for developing technologies for air quality control in caged poultry houses.

scholarly journals Rhizopus Head Rot of Confectionery Sunflower: Effects on Yield Quantity and Quality and Implications for Disease Management

1997 ◽  
Vol 87 (12) ◽  
pp. 1226-1232 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Shtienberg
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stage ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Rhizopus Oryzae ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Crop Growth Stage ◽  
Head Rot ◽  
The Individual

The effects of Rhizopus head rot, caused by Rhizopus oryzae, on the yield of confectionery sunflower and its quality were studied in field experiments conducted from 1994 to 1996. The extent of yield loss was related to the crop growth stage at inoculation. When heads were inoculated at the budding stage, loss was not apparent, because inoculated heads were not infected. When inoculated at the anthesis stage, loss was relatively high (42.5 to 99.1%), and both the number of achenes per head and the individual achene weight were reduced. When heads were inoculated at the seed development stage, yield was not reduced significantly (although the entire receptacle was rotted). Effects of Rhizopus head rot on measures of yield quality were examined as well. Inoculation with R. oryzae did not affect the size of the achenes at any crop growth stage. In contrast, the incidence of discolored achenes (an external sign of nutmeats with a bitter off-flavor) was affected by the disease at all crop growth stages. A survey in eight commercial fields from 1992 to 1996 found that, by the end of the season, incidence of disease ranged from 2.3 to 17.4%. However, since disease intensified late, resultant yield losses were minor and did not exceed 3.1%. Loss figures were estimated by means of a model that was developed and validated in the field experiments. The disease did affect the incidence of discolored achenes. Thus, the conclusion drawn is that the effects of Rhizopus head rot in confectionery sunflower on crop yield is of minimal concern, at least when disease intensifies late, as was the case in the studied fields, but management of the disease should be considered in some situations. The objectives would be to prevent a reduction in yield quality, not yield quantity.

scholarly journals Completeness and Accuracy of a Wide-Area Maritime Situational Picture based on Automatic Ship Reporting Systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harm Greidanus ◽  
Marlene Alvarez ◽  
Torkild Eriksen ◽  
Vincenzo Gammieri
Keyword(s):  
Data Sources ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Individual Data ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Reporting Systems ◽  
Ship Tracks ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Additional Value ◽  
System Today

Automatic ship reporting systems (AIS – Automatic identification System, LRIT – Long Range Identification and Tracking, VMS – Vessel Monitoring System) today allow global tracking of ships. One way to display the results is in a map of current ship positions over an area of interest, the Maritime Situational Picture (MSP). The MSP is dynamic and must be created by fusing the reporting systems' messages, constructing ship tracks and predicting ship positions to correct for latency especially in the case of AIS received by satellite which forms the bulk of the data. This paper discusses the completeness of the resulting MSP and the accuracy of its positions, quantifying the additional value of the individual data sources.

SIMULATION OF ENVIRONMENTALLY INDUCED GROWTH FORMS IN MARINE SESSILE ORGANISMS

Fractals ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 01 (03) ◽  
pp. 375-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAAP A. KAANDORP
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Intensity Function ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Growth Forms ◽  
Filter Feeding ◽  
Stony Corals ◽  
New Material ◽  
Sessile Organisms ◽  
Made In

In marine sessile organisms (e.g. sponges and stony-corals), a distinction can be made in organisms that use filter-feeding, light or a combination of both, as a source of energy. In many of these organisms, growth takes place by the addition of layers of new material on top of the preceding growth stages that remain unchanged. The growth process of an organism that uses exclusively light and one that uses only filter-feeding for energy intake, are simulated using an iterative geometric construction in combination with, respectively, a light intensity function and a diffusion equation.

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