scholarly journals Protective Effect of Honey and Propolis against Gentamicin-Induced Oxidative Stress and Hepatorenal Damages

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Hassan Laaroussi ◽  
Meryem Bakour ◽  
Driss Ousaaid ◽  
Pedro Ferreira-Santos ◽  
Zlatina Genisheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Hydroxycinnamic Acids ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Propolis Extract ◽  
Hydroxybenzoic Acids ◽  
Promising Source

Bee products are a promising source of phenolic compounds with strong antioxidant activity. The present study was designed to explore the protective effect of honey, propolis, and their combination on gentamicin-induced oxidative stress and hepatorenal dysfunction. This study was conducted on male Wistar rats by intraperitoneal injections of gentamicin (120 mg/kg BW/day, i.p.) or normal saline (1 ml/kg BW/day, i.p.) for 10 consecutive days. Honey (2 g/kg BW), propolis (100 mg/kg BW), or their combination were given daily by gavage to normal and gentamicin groups. Honey and propolis samples were evaluated for their phytochemical composition and antioxidant capacity. The in vitro investigations showed that the evaluated samples especially propolis extract have high antioxidant power associated with the presence of several phenolic compounds such as flavonoids, flavan-3-ols, hydroxybenzoic acids, hydroxycinnamic acids, and stilbenes, while honey contains only hydroxybenzoic acids and hydroxycinnamic acids. It was also shown that simultaneous treatment with honey or propolis extract alone or in association prevented changes caused by gentamicin administration and improved hepatic and renal functions. Changes caused by gentamicin administration, observed by in vivo experiments, include significant elevation of uric acid, urea, creatinine, and hepatic enzyme levels (ALT, AST, and ALP) and kidney biochemical changes (an increase of urea, uric acid, and creatinine and a decrease of albumin and total protein) as well as remarkable changes of renal and liver oxidative stress markers (CAT, GPx, and GSH) and elevation of MDA levels. Overall, it can be concluded that honey and propolis might be useful in the management of liver and renal diseases induced by xenobiotics.

scholarly journals Aqueous Extract of Cocoa Phenolic Compounds Protects Differentiated Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells from Oxidative Stress

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1266
Author(s):  
Noelia Carballeda Sangiao ◽  
Susana Chamorro ◽  
Sonia de Pascual-Teresa ◽  
Luis Goya
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Human Neuroblastoma ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Enzymes

Cocoa is a rich source of polyphenols, especially flavanols and procyanidin oligomers, with antioxidant properties, providing protection against oxidation and nitration. Cocoa phenolic compounds are usually extracted with methanol/ethanol solvents in order to obtain most of their bioactive compounds; however, aqueous extraction seems more representative of the physiological conditions. In this study, an aqueous extract of cocoa powder has been prepared and chemically characterized, and its potential protective effect against chemically-induced oxidative stress has been tested in differentiated human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Neuronal-like cultured cells were pretreated with realistic concentrations of cocoa extract and its major monomeric flavanol component, epicatechin, and then submitted to oxidative stress induced by a potent pro-oxidant. After one hour, production of reactive oxygen species was evaluated by two different methods, flow cytometry and in situ fluorescence by a microplate reader. Simultaneously, reduced glutathione and antioxidant defense enzymes glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase were determined and the results used for a comparative analysis of both ROS (reactive oxygen species) methods and to test the chemo-protective effect of the bioactive products on neuronal-like cells. The results of this approach, never tested before, validate both analysis of ROS and indicate that concentrations of an aqueous extract of cocoa phenolics and epicatechin within a physiological range confer a significant protection against oxidative insult to neuronal-like cells in culture.

scholarly journals Identification and Quantification of Naphthoquinones and Other Phenolic Compounds in Leaves, Petioles, Bark, Roots, and Buds of Juglans regia L., Using HPLC-MS/MS

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 326
Author(s):  
Aljaz Medic ◽  
Tilen Zamljen ◽  
Metka Hudina ◽  
Robert Veberic
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Hydroxycinnamic Acids ◽  
Main Root ◽  
Valuable Source ◽  
Phenolic Group ◽  
Hydroxybenzoic Acids ◽  
Common Walnut ◽  
Agro Residues ◽  
Identification And Quantification

The present study was designed to identify and quantify the major phenolic compounds in different Juglans regia L. (common walnut) tissues (leaves, petioles, bark, roots, buds), to define the compositions and contents of phenolic compounds between these tissues. A total of 91 individual phenolic compounds were identified and quantified, which comprised 8 hydroxycinnamic acids, 28 hydroxybenzoic acids, 11 flavanols, 20 flavonols, 22 napthoquinones, and 2 coumarins. Naphthoquinones were the major phenolic group in leaves, petioles, bark, and buds, as >60% of those identified, while hydroxybenzoic acids were the major phenolic group in side roots, as ~50% of those identified. The highest content of phenolic compounds was in the J. regia main root, followed by side roots and buds, leaves, and 1-year-old bark; the lowest content was in petioles and 2-year-old bark. Leaves, roots, and buds of J. regia represent a valuable source of these agro-residues.

scholarly journals Correlation of Uric Acid with Oxidative Stress and Endothelial Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siva Prasad Palem
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
P Value ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Antioxidant Power

Objective: To evaluate the correlation of uric acid with oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetic subjects.Material and Methods: The study included 120 subjects, among when 60 were type 2 diabetes subjects and the remaining 60 were age and gender matched healthy controls. The biochemical parameters, blood glucose, lipid profile, uric acid and homocysteine, were measured by standard kits in an autoanalyzer. Oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant power by manual methods such as thio-barbituric acid reactive substances and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP). Endothelial dysfunction was assessed by measuring nitric oxide (NO) by the kinetic cadmium method.Results: A significant elevation of triglycerides, low density lipoprotein (LDL), and MDA were observed in the type 2 diabetes mellitus patients while FRAP and NO were significantly reduced compared to the healthy controls. In addition, the uric acid levels had a highly significant correlation with FRAP (r=0.212, p-value=0.020), and moderately significant correlation with triglycerides (r=0.173, p-value=0.057) and homocysteine (r=0.178, p-value=0.051). Uric acid was negatively correlated with MDA and positively correlated with NO, but not statistically significant.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that uric acid may have antioxidant properties since it had a significant positive correlation with FRAP.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Aerobic Physical Training on Oxidative Stress Caused by Particulate Matter in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (270) ◽  
pp. 128-141
Author(s):  
Victória Branca Moron ◽  
Aline Belem Machado ◽  
Samanta Cristina Siebel de Moraes ◽  
Kalinkaluei Aparecida Rigo ◽  
Micaela da Silva Constante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Local Inflammatory Response ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Pm2.5 And Pm10 ◽  
Stress Parameters

Introduction: Particulate matter (PM) is an atmospheric pollutant associated with many deleterious health effects. Oxidative stress is among these effects, that can result from a local inflammatory response to systemic damage to the organism. Studies indicate that when an individual is submitted to aerobic physical training, it generates an antioxidant protective effect that overcomes the damages caused by PM. Objective: Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the particulate matter PM2.5 and PM10 on the oxidative stress parameters. Methods: The evaluation of the influence of PM on oxidative stress parameters was performed by the dosages of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and total antioxidant power in male Wistar rats not exposed to the particulate matter, with and without aerobic physical training, and exposed to PM2.5 and PM10, with and without aerobic physical training. This protocol lasted five weeks. Results: The antioxidant enzymes analyzed that presented significant differences were catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. Conclusions: From this research, it was possible to perceive that PM influences negatively on the oxidative stress and in the weight of the rats and that the aerobic exercise generates a protective effect against these damages.

Lythrum salicaria L. (Lythraceae) as a promising source of phenolic compounds in the modulation of oxidative stress: Comparison between aerial parts and root extracts

2020 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 112781
Author(s):  
Nikola Srećković ◽  
Jelena S. Katanić Stanković ◽  
Sanja Matić ◽  
Nevena R. Mihailović ◽  
Paola Imbimbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Lythrum Salicaria ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Promising Source

scholarly journals Varietal differentiation of white wines on the basis of phenolic compounds profile

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 172-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Lampíř
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Protocatechuic Acid ◽  
Syringic Acid ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Hydroxycinnamic Acids ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
White Wines ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Grapevine Variety ◽  
Hydroxybenzoic Acids

The authenticity of grapevine varieties is a very important topic in the Czech Republic, where varietal wines is very important for wine drinkers. The wines from 7 grapevine varieties were investigated. Sixteen phenolic compounds belonging among hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids, stilbenes, and flavan-3-ols were analysed by HPLC method. The aim of this study was to find markers of varietal origin of wines among the phenolic compounds studied. The analytical parameters obtained were evaluated for this purpose by CVA (canonical varietal analysis) method. It proved to be successful in detecting the following grapevine variety authenticity markers: hydroxycinnamic acids (i.e. p-coutaric acid and caftaric acid), hydroxybenzoic acids (protocatechuic acid and syringic acid), and flavan-3-ols <br />((&ndash;)-epicatechin and (+)-catechin). &nbsp;

scholarly journals Research Advances in the Mechanisms of Hyperuricemia-Induced Renal Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-yong Su ◽  
Chen Yang ◽  
Dong Liang ◽  
Hua-feng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Renal Injury ◽  
Renal Fibrosis ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Crystal Deposition ◽  
Urate Crystal ◽  
Excessive Accumulation

Uric acid is the end product of purine metabolism in humans, and its excessive accumulation leads to hyperuricemia and urate crystal deposition in tissues including joints and kidneys. Hyperuricemia is considered an independent risk factor for cardiovascular and renal diseases. Although the symptoms of hyperuricemia-induced renal injury have long been known, the pathophysiological molecular mechanisms are not completely understood. In this review, we focus on the research advances in the mechanisms of hyperuricemia-caused renal injury, primarily on oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, renal fibrosis, and inflammation. Furthermore, we discuss the progress in hyperuricemia management.

scholarly journals A Reference List of Phenolic Compounds (Including Stilbenes) in Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) Roots, Woods, Canes, Stems, and Leaves

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piebiep Goufo ◽  
Rupesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Isabel Cortez
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Hydroxycinnamic Acids ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Reference List ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Hydroxybenzoic Acids ◽  
Stems And Leaves

Due to their biological activities, both in plants and in humans, there is a great interest in finding natural sources of phenolic compounds or ways to artificially manipulate their levels. During the last decade, a significant amount of these compounds has been reported in the vegetative organs of the vine plant. In the roots, woods, canes, stems, and leaves, at least 183 phenolic compounds have been identified, including 78 stilbenes (23 monomers, 30 dimers, 8 trimers, 16 tetramers, and 1 hexamer), 15 hydroxycinnamic acids, 9 hydroxybenzoic acids, 17 flavan-3-ols (of which 9 are proanthocyanidins), 14 anthocyanins, 8 flavanones, 35 flavonols, 2 flavones, and 5 coumarins. There is great variability in the distribution of these chemicals along the vine plant, with leaves and stems/canes having flavonols (83.43% of total phenolic levels) and flavan-3-ols (61.63%) as their main compounds, respectively. In light of the pattern described from the same organs, quercetin-3-O-glucuronide, quercetin-3-O-galactoside, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, and caftaric acid are the main flavonols and hydroxycinnamic acids in the leaves; the most commonly represented flavan-3-ols and flavonols in the stems and canes are catechin, epicatechin, procyanidin B1, and quercetin-3-O-galactoside. The main stilbenes (trans-ε-viniferin, trans-resveratrol, isohopeaphenol/hopeaphenol, vitisin B, and ampelopsins) accumulate primarily in the woods, followed by the roots, the canes, and the stems, whereas the leaves, which are more exposed to environmental stresses, have a low concentration of these compounds. Data provided in this review could be used as (i) a metabolomic tool for screening in targeted and untargeted analyses and (ii) a reference list in studies aimed at finding ways to induce naturally occurring polyphenols on an industrial scale for pant and human disease control.

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