scholarly journals Gene Polymorphism of MUC15, MMP14, BRAF, and COL1A1 Is Associated with Capsule Formation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Wei Sun ◽  
Yongchao Zhang ◽  
Bozhi Liu ◽  
Youjia Duan ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Capsule Formation ◽  
Host Interaction ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Single Locus Analysis

Background. The presence of a capsule is an important prognostic factor in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Capsule formation is affected by tumor-host interaction, which may include collagen deposition and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. Purpose. This study aimed to examine whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes for COL1A1 MUC15, MMP14, CD97, SMYD3, BRAF, and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β) are related to capsule formation. Methods. We prospectively recruited and analyzed 185 patients with HCC with or without a capsule between 2019 and 2020. The SNPs involved were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction. Differences in the allele and genotype frequency between the cases and controls were evaluated using the chi-square test. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated by logistic regression analysis with adjustment for age and sex. Stratification analyses were also performed with preselected variables. Results. The single-locus analysis showed that the presence of a capsule was significantly associated with five SNPs : MUC15 rs17309195 P = 0.01 , rs12271124 P =   0.02 , rs10430847 P = 0.04 , MMP14 rs17884816 P = 0.01 , and BRAF rs74512895 P = 0.03 . Adjusted logistic regression revealed that the decreased capsule formation was statistically significantly associated with BRAF rs76603725, COL1A1 rs2269336, and MUC15 rs17309195, while MMP14 rs17884816 and MUC15 rs10430847, rs2063278, and rs967490 were associated with increased capsule formation. The MUC15 block 2 haplotype was associated with increased capsule formation. Conclusions. MUC15, MMP14, BRAF, and COL1A1 gene polymorphisms are associated with capsule formation in HCC. Studies involving larger samples are needed to confirm our results.

114. HYPERTENSIVE DISORDERS OF PREGNANCY ARE ASSOCIATED WITH IMMUNOREGULATORY GENE POLYMORPHISMS

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
A. Highet ◽  
S. Thompson ◽  
D. Furness ◽  
V. Zhang ◽  
G. Dekker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Cytokine Networks ◽  
Maternal Tolerance

Pregnancy is a controlled state of inflammation. Deregulation of cytokine networks can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes including preeclampsia (PE). We aimed to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms in immunoregulatory genes that signify an increased risk of the gestational hypertensive disorders PE and gestational hypertension (GH). 1169 nulliparous pregnant women and their partners were recruited prospectively for the Adelaide SCOPE study. PE and GH were classified using strict guidelines. Uncomplicated pregnancies served as controls. Peripheral blood from couples and cord blood from neonates were collected. DNA was extracted and genotyped for Interleukin (IL)-6 rs1800795, IL-4 rs2243250, IL-10 rs1800896 and rs1800871, mannose binding lectin (MBL) rs1800450, transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ-1) rs1800469 and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 rs20417 & rs5275 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2A) rs1137933 using the Sequenom MassARRAY system. Genotypes for Caucasian PE (n = 75) and GH (n = 102) were compared with controls (n = 422) and analysed using Chi-Square. In neonates IL-6 G allele carriage was associated with PE (P = 0.011, OR=2.0, 95% CI = 1.2–3.7) and the CC genotype associated with GH (P = 0.002). Neonatal IL-10 RS180071 AA genotype associated with PE (P = 0.041) and IL-10 RS1800896 AA associated with GH (P = 0.022). Paternal NOS2A C allele was more frequent in PE (P = 0.03, OR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.1–4.5), and maternal NOS2A CC more frequent in GH (P = 0.018). Increased neonatal carriage of MBL rs1800450 AA+GA genotypes associated with GH (P = 0.03, OR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.1–4.5). No associations were observed between TGFβ-1 or COX2 genotypes and PE or GH. Associations between neonatal IL-6 G, which confers high placental IL-6 expression, and PE suggest a possible mechanism by which PE is a pro-inflammatory exacerbation of placental origin. Since placental IL-10 is important for maternal tolerance of the fetus, genotypes predisposing to low IL-10 expression in the neonate which associate with both PE and GH, suggest a role for decreased placental IL-10 in these disorders.

scholarly journals Traditional Versus Microsphere Embolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Effectiveness Evaluation Using Data Mining

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 929
Author(s):  
Pi-Yi Chang ◽  
Chen-Yang Cheng ◽  
Jau-Shin Hon ◽  
Cheng-Ding Kuo ◽  
Chieh-Ling Yen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Data Mining ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Decision Tree ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Single Tumor

Background: For hepatocellular carcinoma (“HCC”), the current standard of treatment is hepatic artery embolization, generally through trans-catheter arterial chemoembolization (“TACE”). There are two types: traditional (“conventional” or “cTACE”) and microsphere (“DC bead TACE”). Unfortunately, the literature comparing the relative effectiveness of cTACE versus DC bead TACE is inconclusive, partially due to the complexity of HCC and its response to treatment. Data mining is an excellent method to extract meaning from complex data sets. Purpose: Through the application of data mining techniques, to compare the relative effectiveness of cTACE and DC bead TACE using a large patient database and to use said comparison to establish usable guidelines for developing treatment plans for HCC patients. Materials and Methods: The data of 372 HCC patients who underwent TACE in Taichung Veterans General Hospital were analyzed. The chi-square test was used to compare the difference in the effectiveness of the two therapies was compared. Logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratios. Furthermore, using the C4.5 decision tree, the two therapies were classified into applicable fields. Chi-square test, the t-test, and logistic regression were used to verify the classification results. Results: In Barcelona Clinic Stages A and B cancers, cTACE was found to be 22.7% more effective than DC bead TACE. By using the decision tree C4.5 as a classifier, the effectiveness of either treatment for small tumors was 8.475 times than that for large tumors. DC bead TACE was 3.39 times more successful in treating patients with a single tumor than with multiple tumors. For patients with a single tumor, the chi-square test showed that 100–300 μm microspheres were significantly more effective than 300–500 μm. While these findings provide a reference for the selection of an appropriate TACE approach, we noted that overall accuracy was somewhat low, possibly due to the limited population. Conclusions: We found that data mining could be applied to develop clear guidelines for physician and researcher use in the case of complex pathologies such as HCC. However, some of our results contradicted those elsewhere in the literature, possibly due to a relatively small sample size. Significantly larger data sets with appropriate levels of granularity could produce more accurate results.

Attenuation of diethyl nitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma by taxifolin and/or alogliptin: The interplay between toll-like receptor 4, transforming growth factor beta-1, and apoptosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 096032712110084
Author(s):  
AM Kabel ◽  
HH Arab ◽  
MA Abd Elmaaboud
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Caspase 9 ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 4 ◽  
Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Tgf Β1

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of liver malignancies worldwide. Alogliptin is an anti-diabetic that may have effective anticancer properties against many types of malignancies. Taxifolin is a flavonoid that has potent antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. The objective of this study was to explore the impact of alogliptin and/or taxifolin on diethyl nitrosamine-induced HCC in rats. One hundred male Wistar rats were divided into five equal groups as follows: Control; HCC; HCC + Alogliptin; HCC + Taxifolin; and HCC + Alogliptin + Taxifolin group. The survival rate, liver function tests, tissue antioxidant enzymes, malondialdehyde (MDA), nuclear factor (erythroid derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1α), and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) were measured. Also, hepatic caspase 3, caspase 9, beclin-1, and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) in addition to serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and α-L-Fucosidase (AFU) were assessed. Specimens of the liver were subjected to histopathological examination. Alogliptin and/or taxifolin induced significant improvement of liver function tests with significant increase in the survival rate, tissue antioxidant enzymes, Nrf2, caspase 3, caspase 9, Beclin-1 and JNK activities associated with significant decrease in serum AFP and AFU, tissue MDA, TGF-β1, IL-1α and TLR4 expression compared to HCC group. These results were significant with taxifolin/alogliptin combination when compared to the use of each of these agents alone. In conclusion, taxifolin/alogliptin combination might be used as adjuvant therapy for attenuation of HCC.

scholarly journals The risk of diabetes after giving birth to a macrosomic infant: data from the NHANES cohort

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Corrie Miller ◽  
Eunjung Lim
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Maternal Diabetes ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Complex Sampling ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract Aims Gestational diabetes (GDM) increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and thus warrants earlier and more frequent screening. Women who give birth to a macrosomic infant, as defined as a birthweight greater than 9 lbs. (or approximately 4000 g), are encouraged to also get early type 2 diabetes screening, as macrosomia may be a surrogate marker for GDM. This study investigates whether a macrosomic infant, as defined as 9lbs, apart from GDM, increases the risk for diabetes later in life. Methods Data on parous women from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2016 were utilized. Rates of diabetes were compared in those with and without macrosomic infants in Rao-Scott’s chi-square test. Multiple logistic regression was used to test the independent effect of macrosomia on type 2 diabetes controlling for the confounding covariates and adjusting for the complex sampling design. To investigate how onset time affects diabetes, we implemented Cox proportional hazard regressions on time to have diabetes. Results Among 10,089 parous women, macrosomia significantly increased the risk of maternal diabetes later in life in the chi-square test and logistic regression. Independent of GDM, women who deliver a macrosomic infant have a 20% higher chance of developing diabetes compared to women who did not. The expected hazards of having type 2 diabetes is 1.66 times higher in a woman with macrosomic infant compared to counterparts. Conclusions Women who gave birth to a macrosomic infant in the absence of GDM should be offered earlier and more frequent screening for type 2 diabetes.

Prevalence of Internet Addiction and Its Relationship With Combinations of Physical Activity and Screen-Based Sedentary Behavior Among Adolescents in China

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Gengyu Han ◽  
Jingshu Zhang ◽  
Shang Ma ◽  
Ruoran Lu ◽  
Jiali Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: Given the widespread prevalence and serious nature of Internet addiction (IA), this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of IA and assess the relationships between IA and combinations of physical activity (PA) and screen-based sedentary behavior (SB) among adolescents in China. Methods: This cross-sectional study surveyed 31,954 adolescents in grades 7 to 12 in Beijing. IA, PA, screen-based SB, and other information were obtained from a self-administrated questionnaire. The chi-square test and mixed-effects logistic regression model were applied to estimate the relationship between IA and combinations of PA and screen-based SB. Results: 6.2% of the surveyed adolescents reported IA and the prevalence of low PA/high screen-based SB, high PA/high screen-based SB, low PA/low screen-based SB, and high PA/low screen-based SB were 53.7%, 19.5%, 18.8%, and 8.0%, respectively. Mixed-effects logistic regression analysis showed that adolescents with low PA/high screen-based SB were 1.99 (95% confidence interval, 1.62–2.44, P < .001) times more likely to prefer IA than those with high PA/low screen-based SB. Conclusions: The prevalence of IA among Chinese adolescents is still high. Intervention programs like maintaining sufficient PA and reducing screen-based SB might contribute to reducing their IA.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Dysphagia After Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion With the Zero-P Implant System: a Retrospective Study With Minimum of 2 Years Follow-up

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Xue ◽  
Ningdao Li ◽  
Zhurong Ji ◽  
Xingdong Cheng ◽  
Zhuqiu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Anterior Cervical Discectomy ◽  
Postoperative Dysphagia ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Implant System ◽  
Segmental Angle

Abstract Background: Dysphagia is one of the most common complications after anterior cervical spine surgery. The study aimed to evaluate the risk factors for dysphagia after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) with the Zero-P Implant System by multidimensional analysis and investigated the predictive values of these risk factors for dysphagia. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 260 patients who underwent ACDF with the Zero-P Implant System and had at least 2 year of follow-up ware performed. All patients were divided into a non-dysphagia group and a dysphagia group. Sex, age, body mass index (BMI), intraoperative time, estimated blood loss, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, alcohol consumption, prevertebral soft-tissue thickness, the levels of surgery, O-C2 angle, C2–7 angle, T1 slope and segmental angle were analyzed. Chi-square test and logistic regression were performed to analyze the predictive value of each dimension for dysphagia. Results: In total, the non-dysphagia group comprised 170 patients and the dysphagia group comprised 90 patients. Chi-square test results indicated that number of operated levels, operation time dT1 slope, dO-C2 angle, dC2–7 angle, segmental angle and dPSTT were associated with a high incidence of dysphagia. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that number of operated levels, operation time, dC2–7 angle and dPSTT were significantly associated with postoperative dysphagia.Conclusions: Number of operated levels, operation time, dC2–7 angle and dPSTT were significantly associated with postoperative dysphagia. In additionally, sufficient preoperative preparation, evaluation combining with proficient and precise treatment measures are suggested to reduce the incidence of postoperative dysphagia when ACDF is performed.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF ROOM SERVICE TO IMPROVE PATIENTS’ FOOD SATISFACTION AND FOOD ACCEPTANCE

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Muhammad Iqbal ◽  
Susetyowati Susetyowati ◽  
Martalena Br Purba
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Service System ◽  
Food Service ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Food Acceptance ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Room Service ◽  
Quota Sampling

The improvement of patients’ food satisfaction and acceptance in the hospitals is primarily needed in the food service  system.  Room service is a new concept in the food service area. This study aims to compare the effects of two different types of food service systems; room service and conventional service system. The study with quasi-experimental design is conducted to the subject of 66 inpatients who were taken using a quota sampling method. Subjects were divided into different groups, the treatment groups (room service) and control groups (conventional). Leftover food between groups was compared for 9 large meals to determine acceptability. Food satisfaction is measured on the last day with using questionnaire. The study was conducted in April-June 2014. Chi-Square test and logistic regression were used for analysis of research data. There were significant differences food satisfaction (RR=4.6; p=0.0001) and food acceptance (RR=1.94; p=0.0488) between control and treatment group. The logistic regression test showed that room service group had higher food satisfaction and food acceptance level than control group after controlling confounding factors, which were 12,11 times (95% CI 3,593 – 37,219) and 2,38 times (95% CI 0,68-8,31), respectively. The room service increases food satisfaction and food acceptance of patients compared with conventional systems.

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