Cardiovascular and Cognitive Health Study in Middle-Aged and Elderly Residents of Beijing(CCHS-Beijing): Design and Rationale

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 182-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianghua Fang ◽  
Zhengwu Wang ◽  
Chunxiu Wang ◽  
Jian Wu ◽  
Ya Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cognitive Health

The Cardiovascular and Cognitive Health Study (CCHS-Beijing) is a population-based study of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cognitive impairment in adults aged 55 and older in Beijing. The main aims of the study are to investigate the prevalence rates of CVD, asymptomatic atherosclerosis, and cognitive impairment, as well as validate the risk factors related to the onset and development of CVD, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The study was designed to detect the traditional and new risk factors in this age group. Participants were recruited randomly from residential regions in the greater Beijing municipality area based on the average levels of development in Beijing, China in 2012 (based on socioeconomic, demographic, and geographical characteristics). Thorough physical and laboratory examination were performed at baseline (also the cross-sectional survey) to identify the risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, as well as newly defined risk factors like elevated homocysteine, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, and urine micro-albumin. Subclinical disease of the cerebral vasculature included atherosclerosis of carotid arteries, intracranial arteries, and retinal vessels. Subclinical cardiac diseases included left ventricular enlargement, arrhythmias, chamber hypertrophy and myocardial ischemia. Blood pressure was documented using the ankle-arm method. In addition, neuropsychological assessments were performed for all subjects aged 65 and above. Baseline evaluation began during the period August 2013 to December 2014. Follow-up examination will occur in 5 years. The initial and recurrent CVD, AD and MCI events will be verified and validated during the follow-up period.

scholarly journals Diastolic dysfunction in individuals with and without heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan-Per Wenzel ◽  
Ramona Bei der Kellen ◽  
Christina Magnussen ◽  
Stefan Blankenberg ◽  
Benedikt Schrage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Common Finding

Abstract Aim Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (DD), a common finding in the general population, is considered to be associated with heart failure with preserved ejection faction (HFpEF). Here we evaluate the prevalence and correlates of DD in subjects with and without HFpEF in a middle-aged sample of the general population. Methods and results From the first 10,000 participants of the population-based Hamburg City Health Study (HCHS), 5913 subjects (mean age 64.4 ± 8.3 years, 51.3% females), qualified for the current analysis. Diastolic dysfunction (DD) was identified in 753 (12.7%) participants. Of those, 11.2% showed DD without HFpEF (ALVDD) while 1.3% suffered from DD with HFpEF (DDwHFpEF). In multivariable regression analysis adjusted for major cardiovascular risk factors, ALVDD was associated with arterial hypertension (OR 2.0, p < 0.001) and HbA1c (OR 1.2, p = 0.007). Associations of both ALVDD and DDwHFpEF were: age (OR 1.7, p < 0.001; OR 2.7, p < 0.001), BMI (OR 1.2, p < 0.001; OR 1.6, p = 0.001), and left ventricular mass index (LVMI). In contrast, female sex (OR 2.5, p = 0.006), atrial fibrillation (OR 2.6, p = 0.024), CAD (OR 7.2, p < 0.001) COPD (OR 3.9, p < 0.001), and QRS duration (OR 1.4, p = 0.005) were strongly associated with DDwHFpEF but not with ALVDD. Conclusion The prevalence of DD in a sample from the first 10,000 participants of the population-based HCHS was 12.7% of whom 1.3% suffered from HFpEF. DD with and without HFpEF showed significant associations with different major cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities warranting further research for their possible role in the formation of both ALVDD and DDwHFpEF.

OBJECTIVE COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT AND PROGRESSION TO DEMENTIA IN WOMEN: THE PROSPECTIVE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL RISK FACTOR STUDY

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
J. Skov Neergaard ◽  
K. Dragsbæk ◽  
C. Christiansen ◽  
M. Asser Karsdal ◽  
S. Brix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Risk Factor Study ◽  
Factor Study ◽  
Epidemiological Risk ◽  
Epidemiological Risk Factor ◽  
History Of

Background: Identification of subjects with a progressive disease phenotype is an urgent need in the pharmaceutical industry where most of the recent clinical trials in Alzheimer’s disease have failed. Objectives: The objective of this study was to identify subgroups of individuals with objective cognitive impairment (OCI), who were most likely to progress to dementia and to identify the risk factors associated with progression. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Population-based. Participants: 5,380 elderly women from Denmark. Measurements: The Short Blessed Test and a category fluency test with animal naming, was used to assess cognitive function, and to classify them into different groups of OCI. Results: OCI was identified in 852 subjects at baseline. The risk of dementia was elevated for OCI subjects as compared to subjects with normal cognition (HR 1.46[1.19-1.79]). The courses of OCI were studied in a sub-cohort who completed the cognitive assessment at both the baseline and the follow-up visit (n = 1,933). Of these subjects 203 had OCI at baseline. The multi-domain subtypes of OCI were associated with progressive OCI. Subjects most likely to progress were older, physically inactive, had a higher level of total cholesterol (>6.5 mmol/L) and had a history of depression as compared to subjects with a non-progressive course of OCI. Conclusions: In this cohort we identified a risk profile associated with progression from OCI in older women. The degree of impairment at baseline was an important predictor of conversion to dementia, additionally several modifiable risk factors were associated with progression.

Echocardiographic follow-up of percutaneous closure of the arterial duct in infants

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-337
Author(s):  
Luis Fernández Piñeda ◽  
Hugo Torrealday ◽  
Ramón Bermúdez Cañete ◽  
María J. Maitre Azcárate ◽  
Manuel Quero Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Left Atrium ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Excellent Result ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Left Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Arterial Duct

SummarySince February 1990, we have attempted nonsurgical occlusion of persistent patency of the arterial duct using the Rashkind double-disk occluding device, of either 12 or 17 mm diameter. Results are presented from 31 patients (23 female and eight male, ages 15 months to 16 years). M-Mode, cross-sectional, Doppler and color Doppler echocardiographic studies were made prior to closure, in the following 24 hours, and six months later. Left ventricular diastolic dimension and shortening fraction, systolic intervals, and left atrium/aortic ratio were evaluated by M-Mode echo. We examined carefully the location of the device relative to the left pulmonary artery and descending aorta, also checking for disturbed flows and residual shunts. These studies showed a clear tendency for the left ventricular diameter to decrease, and revealed a significant normalization of the left atrium/aortic ratio. Successful closure of the duct was achieved in 27 cases. Follow-up studies six months later showed residual shunting in four cases. In one patient, a second device was implanted with an excellent result. At the immediate follow-up, turbulences were noted in the area of the device (nine cases) and in the left pulmonary artery (seven cases). Distortion of the anatomic orientation of the left pulmonary artery was observed in three cases in which we discovered 20 mm Hg systolic gradients. In our opinion, echocardiography is the best technique with which to follow-up these patients. The high sensitivity of color Doppler echocardiography revealed minimal distortion of the left pulmonary artery, probably generated by regional anatomic adjustment to the insertion of the device.

scholarly journals An Investigation of Hypertension Risk Factors among Adults in Oshikoto Region in Namibia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Emilia Shiwa Ashipala ◽  
Linda Ndeshipandula Lukolo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertension Risk ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Harmful Use

INTRODUCTION: Hypertension complications are responsible for 9.4 million deaths worldwide and among these deaths, 51 % are due to stroke and 45% are due to heart disease like heart failure. This study aims to investigate the hypertension risk factors among adult in Oshikoto region, Namibia. METHODS: A community population-based, cross- sectional survey was conducted using WHO STEPwise approach among 375 adults in Oshikoto region. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was done to determine the association between risk factors and Hypertension, based on p-value &lt;0.05. RESULTS: Overall prevalence for risk factors was: physical inactivity (25.3%), unhealthy diet (75.7%), tobacco use (9.1%), harmful use of alcohol (40.8%). 20.5% overweight with majority (85.7%) of them were females. Obesity was 9.1% in which 91.2% were females. Hypertension prevalence was 24.3%. Four percent of individuals were having two multiple risk factors for hypertension, 2.4% with four risk factors and 1.1% with more than four risk factors. Age group (OR=2.48, 95%CI=1.44-4.26, P=0.001), Obesity (OR=3.48, 95%CI=1.55-7.79, P=0.003), and overweight (OR=2.34, 95%CI=1.31-4.19, P =0.004) were significant risk factors for hypertension. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed a high prevalence and burden of hypertension risk factors such as obesity and overweight among adults in Oshikoto region, thus, these results highlight the need for interventions to reduce and prevent those risk factors of hypertension in Oshikoto region, Namibia.

scholarly journals Anemia prevalence and etiology among women, men, and children in Ethiopia: a study protocol for a national population-based survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amare Worku Tadesse ◽  
Elena C. Hemler ◽  
Christopher Andersen ◽  
Simone Passarelli ◽  
Alemayehu Worku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Detailed Assessment

Abstract Background Anemia remains a public health challenge in Ethiopia, affecting an estimated 56% of children under age 5 years, 23% of women of reproductive age and 18% of adult men. However, anemia etiology and the relative contribution of underlying risk factors for anemia remains unclear and has hindered implementation of anemia control programs. Methods/design Anemia Etiology in Ethiopia (AnemEE) is a population-based cross-sectional survey of six regions of Ethiopia that includes children, women of reproductive age, and men from regionally representative households. The survey will include detailed assessment of anemia, iron, inflammatory and nutritional biomarkers, diet, comorbidities, and other factors. The objectives of AnemEE are 1) to generate evidence for decision-making on the etiology of anemia in Ethiopia among men, women and children and 2) to simulate the potential effect of iron fortification and other interventions on the prevalence of anemia and risk of iron overload. Discussion AnemEE will provide the most comprehensive evaluation of anemia etiology in Ethiopia to date due to its detailed assessment of diet, biomarkers, infections and other risk factors in a population-based sample. By generating evidence and simulating potential interventions, AnemEE will inform the development of high-impact anemia control programs and policies. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04002466. Registered on 28 June 2019. Retrospectively registered.

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Abdominal Bloating and Visible Distention: A Population-Based Cross Sectional Survey

2007 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. S512-S513
Author(s):  
Xuan Jiang ◽  
Giles R. Locke ◽  
Rok Seon Choung ◽  
Alan R. Zinsmeister ◽  
Cathy D. Schleck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Abdominal Bloating
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