Effect of Febuxostat on the Endothelial Dysfunction in Hemodialysis Patients: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blinded Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 452-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Alshahawey ◽  
Sara Mahmoud Shahin ◽  
Tamer Wahid Elsaid ◽  
Nagwa Ali Sabri
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Blinded Study ◽  
Double Blinded

Background: Endothelial dysfunction is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases to occur in end-stage renal disease patients. Febuxostat, being a novel xanthine oxidase inhibitor, is apparently having a beneficial role in improving the endothelial dysfunction; however, data among hemodialysis patients are still limited. Methods: A prospective, placebo-controlled, block-randomized, double-blinded study was carried out to evaluate the effect of oral febuxostat on the endothelial dysfunction in hemodialysis patients. Fifty-seven eligible hemodialysis patients were randomly assigned to either the drug group (40 mg thrice weekly) or the placebo group. Serum Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), Serum uric acid (UA), and serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were measured at baseline and at the end of a 2-month study. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and the occurrence of pancytopenia were tested as safety parameters at baseline and at the end of study. Results: Serum UA significantly decreased from 7.5 ± 0.8 to 5.1 ± 1.2 mg/dL in the febuxostat group, while it did not change significantly in the placebo group. Treatment with febuxostat resulted in a significant decrease in the serum ADMA level from 1.027 ± 0.116 to 0.944 ± 0.104 µmol/L and the serum hsCRP level from 12.5 ± 1.65 to 12.1 ± 1.70 mg/L. Testing of serum ALT, serum AST, and pancytopenia revealed no significant difference in both groups. Conclusion: Febuxostat appears to improve hyperuricemia and endothelial dysfunction and ameliorate inflammation in hemodialysis patients with no safety concerns.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF ORAL MOXONIDINE IN THE ATTENUATION OF THE HAEMODYNAMIC RESPONSES SEEN DURING LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERIES

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 409
Author(s):  
Sidharth Sraban Routray ◽  
Ramakanta Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Hemodynamic Stability ◽  
Blinded Study ◽  
Double Blinded

ABSTRACTObjective: During laparoscopic surgeries, pneumoperitoneum can lead to various pathophysiologic changes in the cardiovascular system resulting inhypertension and tachycardia. Search for ideal drug to prevent this hemodynamic response goes on. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect oforally administered moxonidine in attenuating the hemodynamic responses that occur during the laparoscopic surgeries.Methods: A total of 50 adult acetylsalicylic acid I and II patients scheduled for elective laparoscopic surgeries were selected for this prospectiverandomized double-blinded study. They were randomly allocated into two groups: moxonidine group (M) and placebo group (P). M group receivedoral moxonidine 0.3 mg at 8 pm on the day before surgery and at 8 am on the day of surgery. P group received a placebo at the same timing as that ofthe M group.Results: Following pneumoperitoneum rise in systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate (HR)was higher in P group in comparison to M group which was statistically significant.Conclusion: Significant rise in HR, SBP, DBP, and mean BP was noted in the P group in comparison to moxonidine group. Moxonidine provided betterperioperative hemodynamic stability in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgeries.Keywords: Moxonidine, Stress response, Laparoscopic.

scholarly journals Articaine VS Lignocaine in Orthodontic Extraction of Maxillary Premolars - A Randomized, Double-Blinded Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (35) ◽  
pp. 2969-2974
Author(s):  
Meenu Jain ◽  
Namrata Dogra ◽  
Manish Gupta ◽  
Seema Grover
Keyword(s):  
Local Anaesthetics ◽  
Contralateral Side ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Premolar Extraction ◽  
Anaesthetic Solution ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Blinded Study ◽  
Maxillary Premolars ◽  
Double Blinded

BACKGROUND Local anaesthetics helps in preventing pain during surgical and dental procedures by blocking the peripheral nerves. The primary objective of this investigation was to compare and evaluate 4 % articaine hydrochloride (with 1 : 100000 adrenaline) and 2 % lignocaine hydrochloride (with 1 : 80000 adrenaline) in terms of pulpal anaesthesia, volume of anaesthetic solution administered, need of re-anaesthesia and difficulty of extraction during orthodontic extraction of maxillary first premolars. METHODS This prospective randomized, double-blinded study was conducted on 43 patients of less than 40 years of age requiring bilateral maxillary first premolar extractions for orthodontic purposes. Each patient was randomly assigned to receive either 2 % lignocaine hydrochloride or 4 % articaine hydrochloride for premolar extraction of one side and other solution was administered for premolar extraction of contralateral side spaced 1 to 3 weeks apart. In each patient, the difference in pulpal anaesthesia, volume of anaesthetic solution administered, need of re-anaesthesia, difficulty of extraction and duration of anaesthesia was assessed on administration of lignocaine hydrochloride and articaine hydrochloride. RESULTS Statistically significant difference in pulpal anaesthesia levels was found when the articaine and lignocaine groups (P > 0.05) were compared, with a higher mean pulpal anaesthesia among the articaine group. There was no difference in volume of anaesthetic solution administered on buccal and palatal side among the articaine and lignocaine groups. Only 2.3 % of patients in both the groups required re-anaesthesia on the buccal side. There was no significant difference in difficulty of extraction in both the groups. The articaine group had a longer mean duration of anaesthesia as compared to the lignocaine group which was highly significant. CONCLUSIONS Articaine may be used to replace lignocaine in orthodontic extraction of maxillary premolars with clinical advantages like higher pulpal anaesthesia and longer duration of anaesthesia. KEY WORDS Local Anaesthetic, Lignocaine Hydrochloride, Articaine Hydrochloride, Orthodontic Extraction, Prospective Study, Double-Blinded Study.

scholarly journals Preventive Efficacy of Dried Lime (Citrus aurantifulia) in Common Cold Among Hajj Pilgrims: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e1462
Author(s):  
Mehdi Pasalar ◽  
Seyed Hamdollah Mosavat ◽  
Hossein Molavi Vardanjani ◽  
Mohsen Keshavarz ◽  
Maryam Mosaffa-Jahromi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Common Cold ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Drug Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Preventive Efficacy ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Background: Dried lime (Citrus aurantifulia) is one of the herbal preparations used especially by Iranian pilgrims as a preventative agent and self-remedy for respiratory tracts symptoms in folklore medicine. Therefore, we evaluated the preventive efficacy of dried lime preparation in common cold among Iranian pilgrims. Materials and Methods: In this randomized, double-blinded, clinical trial patients in the drug group received dried lime capsules, 500 mg in a single dose per day for four weeks. In the placebo group, the patients received placebo capsules using the same method. The primary outcome measure in this trial was the severity of cold symptoms assessed by a self-administered questionnaire. Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of the trend of cold symptoms severity during the study period. However, in the second week, the severity of all the cold symptoms in the drug group was less, compared to the placebo, but at the end of the study, comparison of the two groups revealed no significant difference in any of the investigated options. Conclusion: The findings revealed that although the severity of all the cold symptoms in the drug group was less as compared to the placebo group, the dried lime capsule showed no statistically significant effect on the control of these symptoms in Iranian pilgrims. [GMJ.2020;9:e1462]  

scholarly journals Myorelaxant Effect of Bee Venom Topical Skin Application in Patients with RDC/TMD Ia and RDC/TMD Ib: A Randomized, Double Blinded Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Nitecka-Buchta ◽  
Piotr Buchta ◽  
Elżbieta Tabeńska-Bosakowska ◽  
Karolina Walczyńska-Dragoń ◽  
Stefan Baron
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Myofascial Pain ◽  
Pain Treatment ◽  
Muscle Tension ◽  
Bee Venom ◽  
Muscle Tonus ◽  
Scale Reduction ◽  
Parallel Group ◽  
Blinded Study ◽  
Double Blinded

The aim of the study was the evaluation of myorelaxant action of bee venom (BV) ointment compared to placebo. Parallel group, randomized double blinded trial was performed. Experimental group patients were applying BV for 14 days, locally over masseter muscles, during 3-minute massage. Placebo group patients used vaseline for massage. Muscle tension was measured twice (TON1 and TON2) in rest muscle tonus (RMT) and maximal muscle contraction (MMC) on both sides, right and left, with Easy Train Myo EMG (Schwa-medico, Version 3.1). Reduction of muscle tonus was statistically relevant in BV group and irrelevant in placebo group. VAS scale reduction was statistically relevant in both groups: BV and placebo. Physiotherapy is an effective method for myofascial pain treatment, but 0,0005% BV ointment gets better relief in muscle tension reduction and analgesic effect. This trial is registered with Clinicaltrials.govNCT02101632.

Topical 5-fluorouracil for granular myringitis: a double-blinded study

2009 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
A M Atef ◽  
M M Hamouda ◽  
A H A Mohamed ◽  
A F A Fattah
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Local Application ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Petroleum Jelly ◽  
Persistent Disease ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Blinded Study ◽  
Double Blinded

AbstractBackground:Granular myringitis is a poorly understood disease which causes considerable discomfort and concern to affected individuals. Some cases may progress to inflammatory obliteration of the deep ear canal. Treatment options are diverse, and no single accepted treatment modality exists. Local application of 5-fluorouracil has recently been trialled in the treatment of chronic otitis media, with promising results.Aim:To investigate the efficacy and safety of topical 5-fluorouracil in cases of granular myringitis.Methods:Sixty patients with granular myringitis were enrolled in this controlled, double-blinded study. Patients were divided randomly into two equal groups. Patients in the study group (n = 30) received three successive applications of topical 5-fluorouracil 5 per cent cream, with two-week intervals between treatments. Patients in the control group (n = 30) received only local petroleum jelly cream packing at the same intervals. Follow-up appointments were scheduled every two weeks for the first three months; patients were then seen again after two years for evaluation of any persistent disease. Outcome measures were: (1) after three months, symptomatic response to treatment (i.e. quantity of aural discharge as reported by patient) and change in the amount of granulation tissue (as assessed by the physician via endoscopic examination); and (2) persistent disease after two years.Results:There was a highly statistically significant difference in the studied outcomes, comparing the study and control groups.Conclusion:Local application of 5-fluorouracil is a new treatment method for granular myringitis. In this study, it proved safe and efficacious, with no serious local reactions or complications.

A randomized, double-blinded clinical trial of royal jelly intake for anticancer effects and suppressing adverse events in renal cell carcinoma patients treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 697-697
Author(s):  
Yasuyoshi Miyata ◽  
Kojiro Ohba ◽  
Tomohiro Matsuo ◽  
Kensuke Mitsunari ◽  
Hideki Sakai
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Double Blinded

697 Background: Royal jelly (RJ) is a honey bee product secreted from the mandibular glands and hypopharyngeal glands of worker honeybees. RJ has anti-allergy, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. RJ has been reported to improve the anti-cancer effects and suppress the adverse effects of chemotherapeutic agents. The main aim is to clarify the clinical effects of oral intake of RJ in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Methods: A randomized, controlled, double-blinded clinical trial with reduction of tumor size and frequencies of adverse events as endpoints was performed in 33 RCC patients who received TKIs in Nagasaki University Hospital. Patients were divided into RJ (n = 16) and placebo (n = 17) groups, and there was no significant difference in all clinical and pathological parameters between the two groups. RJ and placebo were orally administered for 3 months. Results: In this study, 21, 8, and 3 patients were treated with sunitinib, pazopanib, and axitinib, respectively; only 1 patient was treated with sorafenib. Frequencies and severities of fatigue and anorexia in the RJ group was significantly lower than those in the placebo group ( P = 0.003 and 0.015, respectively). Such significant differences between the 2 groups were detected in patients treated with sunitinib, but not in those treated with other TKIs. The number of patients who were given an initial dose of TKIs in the RJ and placebo groups were 7 (43.8%) and 2 (11.8%), respectively, and the relative dose intensity (RDI) of the RJ group (88.6%) was significantly higher ( P = 0.016) than that in the placebo group (68.6%). Regarding anti-cancer effects, the frequency of partial response in the RJ group (n = 5; 41.7%) was higher than that in the placebo group (2; 18.2%); however, such difference was not significant ( P = 0.056). Conclusions: RJ intake can increase RDI. Although a significant difference was not observed, RJ intake observed a trend for improving anti-cancer effects by increasing RDI and maintaining quality of life.

scholarly journals A comparative study of caudal anesthesia with bupivacaine v/s bupivacaine with dexmedetomidine in lower abdominal surgeries in pediatric age group

Pain medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Kishore Kumar N. ◽  
Sandeep Kadam
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Postoperative Analgesia ◽  
Rescue Analgesia ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Respiratory Parameters ◽  
Caudal Anaesthesia ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Blinded Study ◽  
Group B ◽  
Double Blinded

Background: caudal anaesthesia has short­term effect. Alpha­2 adenoreceptors when used as adjuvant to local anaesthetic in children prolongs analgesic duration. The study is aimed to assess the efficacy of addition of dexme­detomidine with Bupivacaine in caudal block for extending postoperative analgesia and its safety profile in pediatric infra­umbilical surgeries.Method: the prospective interventional longitudinal double blinded study was conducted on 60 patients randomly divided into two groups by simple lottery method: group B who received (0.25 %) bupivacaine 1 ml/kg plus 1 ml nor­mal saline (NS), and those in group BD who received (0.25 %) bupivacaine 1 ml/kg plus 0.5 μg/kg dexmedetomidine in 1 ml NS. Post­surgery, both groups were compared in R studio v1.2.5001. Association between the adverse effect and other variables (age, gender, type of surgery, groups) were assessed by Multiple linear regression.Results: in group BD, duration of analgesia prolonged significantly (P < 0.05). In group BD, FLACC score at initial four hours and at 12th hour was significantly less (P < 0.05). Group B was more likely to receive high number of rescue analgesia (P = 0.0005; OR = 11.769). No significant difference was observed concerning hemodynamics, respiratory parameters and adverse effect between both groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: in children, dexmedetomidine when used along with bupivacaine prolongs postoperative analgesia du­ration, without any significant side effects.

scholarly journals Comparison of morphine and fentanyl in attenuation of Intra operative stress response under general anesthesia: A randomized double blinded study

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
R Krishna Prabu ◽  
P Rani ◽  
NP Madhu
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Blinded Study ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Double Blinded

Background: This randomized double blinded study was done to compare the effect of intravenous morphine and fentanyl in attenuation of stress response during surgeries under general anesthesia in adults. The attenuation of stress response was analyzed with changes in serum cortisol and glucose levels one hour after induction of anesthesia. Methods: Fifty consented healthy volunteers in age group 20-50, under ASA I and ASA II posted for elective surgery were included in the study. Two groups of 25 each, group M who received 0.2 mg/kg body weight of morphine and group F who received 2 microgram/kg body weight of fentanyl before anaesthetic induction were compared. The members of two groups were randomly allocated and double blinded using sealed envelope technique. Blood samples were collected for baseline glucose and cortisol in all the subjects. One hour after the administration of study drugs, which was given at the time of induction blood samples were collected for analysis of glucose and cortisol. The changes in blood glucose and serum cortisol levels were compared at the end of the study using independent samples ‘t’ test. Results: There was no significant difference in blood sugar levels in both groups at the end of 1 hour. But there was significant increase in serum cortisol levels in group F compared to group M. Conclusion: This study concludes that morphine is better than fentanyl in attenuation of Intraoperative stress by effectively controlling serum cortisol levels. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v5i4.9796 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 2014 Vol.5(4); 65-68

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