Critical Factors for Binaural Hearing in Children with Bilateral Sequential Cochlear Implantation: First Implant Performance and Inter-Implant Interval

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 174-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong Hun Jang ◽  
Ji-Min Roh ◽  
Oak Sung Choo ◽  
You-Jeong Kim ◽  
Hantai Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Binaural Hearing ◽  
Impaired Hearing ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Interval Group ◽  
Open Set ◽  
Group I ◽  
Device Use

Objectives: This study evaluated the influence of the performance of the first cochlear implant (CI-1) on the second implant (CI-2) and the significance of inter-implant intervals in children with sequential cochlear implantation. Method: Thirty-four patients were included for speech perception outcome and 38 patients were included for subjective hearing satisfaction in daily life in this study. The patients were classified into 3 groups according to inter-implant interval: group I, <4 years; group II, 4–7 years; group III, >7 years. Open-set speech perception scores before and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after the second implantation was compared among the CI-1, CI-2, and bilateral CI conditions. Subjective hearing benefits in daily life were measured using a questionnaire of Speech, Spatial, and Qualities of Hearing Scale (SSQ) for parents of children with impaired hearing, and device use and preference were evaluated (by phone interview.) Results: The speech perception of children using the CI-2 only improved quickly within 3 months postoperatively and were similar to those using the CI-1 only. The results of monosyllabic and disyllabic word tests using CI-2 at 3 months after second implantation were not significantly different from those in patients using the CI-1 only. In the sentence test, the scores using the CI-2 only were not significantly different from those using the first implant only at 6 months after second implantation. SSQ scores were similar among groups and the worst score in each section was shown from the questions about performance under noisy conditions in each section. Device usage habits showed that 17 (44.7%) and 16 (42.1%) patients preferred bilateral and the CI-1, respectively. Only 5 (13.2%) patients wanted the CI-2 rather than the CI-1. While group I and II showed a prominent positive attitude to bilateral use, group III, for which the inter-implant interval was 7 years or more, showed a definite preference for the CI-1 (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Functional binaural benefits were achieved in patients who were good performers with the CI-1 after the second implantation irrespective of the inter-implant interval. Sequential CI should be strongly recommended for patients with unilateral CI showing a good performance.

Relationships Among Speech Perception, Production, Language, Hearing Loss, and Age in Children With Impaired Hearing

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Blamey ◽  
Julia Z. Sarant ◽  
Louise E. Paatsch ◽  
Johanna G. Barry ◽  
Catherine P. Bow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Speech Perception ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Impaired Hearing ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Open Set ◽  
Language Measures ◽  
Hearing Children ◽  
Over Time

Eighty-seven primary-school children with impaired hearing were evaluated using speech perception, production, and language measures over a 3-year period. Forty-seven children with a mean unaided pure-tone-average hearing loss of 106 dB HL used a 22-electrode cochlear implant, and 40 with a mean unaided puretone-average hearing loss of 78 dB HL were fitted with hearing aids. All children were enrolled in oral/aural habilitation programs, and most attended integrated classes with normally hearing children for part of the time at school. Multiple linear regression was used to describe the relationships among the speech perception, production, and language measures, and the trends over time. Little difference in the level of performance and trends was found for the two groups of children, so the perceptual effect of the implant is equivalent, on average, to an improvement of about 28 dB in hearing thresholds. Scores on the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT) and the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals showed an upward trend at about 60% of the rate for normally hearing children. Rates of improvement for individual children were not correlated significantly with degree of hearing loss. The children showed a wide scatter about the average speech production score of 40% of words correctly produced in spontaneous conversations, with no significant upward trend with age. Scores on the open-set Consonant-Nucleus-Consonant (CNC) monosyllabic word test and the Bench-Kowal-Bamford (BKB) sentence test were strongly related to language level (as measured by an equivalent age on the PPVT) and speech production scores for both auditory-visual and auditory test conditions. After allowing for differences in language, speech perception scores in the auditory test condition showed a slight downward trend over time, which is consistent with the known biological effects of hearing loss on the auditory periphery and brainstem. Speech perception scores in the auditory condition also decreased significantly by about 5% for every 10 dB of hearing loss in the hearing aid group. The regression analysis model allows separation of the effects of language, speech production, and hearing levels on speech perception scores so that the effects of habilitation and training in these areas can be observed and/or predicted. The model suggests that most of the children in the study will reach a level of over 90% sentence recognition in the auditory-visual condition when their language becomes equivalent to that of a normally hearing 7-year-old, but they will enter secondary school at age 12 with an average language delay of about 4 or 5 years unless they receive concentrated and effective language training.

scholarly journals Social Inequalities in Health: Outcomes of Children’s Cochlear Implantation in Lithuania

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 67-78
Author(s):  
Daumantas Stumbrys ◽  
Jekaterina Byčkova ◽  
Eugenijus Lesinskas ◽  
Jurga Mataitytė-Diržienė ◽  
Jolita Norkūnienė
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Social And Cultural Capital ◽  
Open Set ◽  
Vilnius University ◽  
Children Speech ◽  
Children's Speech ◽  
Main Factor

The aim of this study was to evaluate the demographic, family, and educational differences in children’s speech perception development after cochlear (hearing) implantation. The research was conducted in Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos during the years 2013–2018. Open-set speech perception in quiet surroundings were evaluated during hearing assessments (n=81). Information about different factor groups was collected according to the Nottingham Children’s Implant Profile questionnaire. Three main factor groups were analysed: (a) demographic, (b) family, and (c) educational. A Bourdieu-based approach was adopted to analyse social inequalities of health of children with cochlear implants. Different factors were operationalized as different forms of capital. Our findings highlight the importance of family’s social and cultural capital to children speech perception after cochlear implantation.

Cochlear Implantation in Inner Ear Malformations: Systematic Review of Speech Perception Outcomes and Intraoperative Findings

2017 ◽  
Vol 156 (5) ◽  
pp. 783-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Farhood ◽  
Shaun A. Nguyen ◽  
Stephen C. Miller ◽  
Meredith A. Holcomb ◽  
Ted A. Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Closed Set ◽  
Inner Ear Malformations ◽  
Open Set ◽  
Ear Malformations ◽  
The Impact

Objective (1) To analyze reported speech perception outcomes in patients with inner ear malformations who undergo cochlear implantation, (2) to review the surgical complications and findings, and (3) to compare the 2 classification systems of Jackler and Sennaroglu. Data Sources PubMed, Scopus (including Embase), Medline, and CINAHL Plus. Review Methods Fifty-nine articles were included that contained speech perception and/or intraoperative data. Cases were differentiated depending on whether the Jackler or Sennaroglu malformation classification was used. A meta-analysis of proportions examined incidences of complete insertion, gusher, and facial nerve aberrancy. For speech perception data, weighted means and standard deviations were calculated for all malformations for short-, medium-, and long-term follow-up. Speech tests were grouped into 3 categories—closed-set words, open-set words, and open-set sentences—and then compared through a comparison-of-means t test. Results Complete insertion was seen in 81.8% of all inner ear malformations (95% CI: 72.6-89.5); gusher was reported in 39.1% of cases (95% CI: 30.3-48.2); and facial nerve anomalies were encountered in 34.4% (95% CI: 20.1-50.3). Significant improvements in average performance were seen for closed- and open-set tests across all malformation types at 12 months postoperatively. Conclusions Cochlear implantation outcomes are favorable for those with inner ear malformations from a surgical and speech outcome standpoint. Accurate classification of anatomic malformations, as well as standardization of postimplantation speech outcomes, is necessary to improve understanding of the impact of implantation in this difficult patient population.

scholarly journals Management of myofascial pain by therapeutic ultrasound and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation: A comparative study

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 046-053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalu Rai ◽  
Vikash Ranjan ◽  
Deepankar Misra ◽  
Sapna Panjwani
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Muscle Pain ◽  
Myofascial Pain ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Vas Score ◽  
Group I

ABSTRACTObjective: The present comparative study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of Th US and TENS in the management of myofascial pain in TMD patients. Materials and Methods: The present randomized comparative study was on 90 patients who were further assigned in three different groups each having 30 patients; Group I was healthy control patients, Group II was receiving Th US therapy, and Group III was receiving TENS therapy. All the 90 patients were further evaluated for maximum inter incisor subjective evaluation regarding muscle pain, impediment to daily life, massage impression on visual analog scale (VAS) scale, and intensity and duration used in Th US massage. Results: The masseter muscle thickness in control group was 12.00 (standard deviation [SD] ±1.1) mm when compared with TMD patient of 13.00 (SD ± 1.1) mm before treatment. Statistical significant findings on VAS score of muscle pain, impediment to daily life, and massage impression were observed in Th US. After treatment, the anechoic areas disappeared or were reduced in Th US group by 95.6% and in TENS by 74.4%. Conclusion: Th US appeared to be subjectively better which was related to VAS score of massage impression, muscle pain, and impediment to daily life after treatment as well as sonographically related to existence of anechoic areas.

Separating Contributions of Hearing, Lexical Knowledge, and Speech Production to Speech-Perception Scores in Children With Hearing Impairments

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 738-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise E. Paatsch ◽  
Peter J. Blamey ◽  
Julia Z. Sarant ◽  
Lois F. A. Martin ◽  
Catherine P. Bow
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Speech Perception ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Impaired Hearing ◽  
Hearing Impairments ◽  
Lexical Knowledge ◽  
Open Set

Open-set word and sentence speech-perception test scores are commonly used as a measure of hearing abilities in children and adults using cochlear implants and/or hearing aids. These tests are usually presented auditorily with a verbal response. In the case of children, scores are typically lower and more variable than for adults with hearing impairments using similar devices. It is difficult to interpret children’s speech-perception scores without considering the effects of lexical knowledge and speech-production abilities on their responses. This study postulated a simple mathematical model to describe the effects of hearing, lexical knowledge, and speech production on the perception test scores for monosyllabic words by children with impaired hearing. Thirty-three primary-school children with impaired hearing, fitted with hearing aids and/or cochlear implants, were evaluated using speech-perception, reading-aloud, speech-production, and language measures. These various measures were incorporated in the mathematical model, which revealed that performance in an open-set word-perception test in the auditory-alone mode is strongly dependent on residual hearing levels, lexical knowledge, and speech-production abilities. Further applications of the model provided an estimate of the effect of each component on the overall speech-perception score for each child.

scholarly journals Self-Reported Disability in Adults with Severe Obesity

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Kyrou ◽  
G. Osei-Assibey ◽  
N. Williams ◽  
R. Thomas ◽  
L. Halder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Obesity ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Daily Life Activities ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
Group I ◽  
Degree Of Disability ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Study Participants

Self-reported disability in performing daily life activities was assessed in adults with severe obesity (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2) using the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ). 262 participants were recruited into three BMI groups: Group I: 35–39.99 kg/m2; Group II: 40–44.99 kg/m2; Group III: ≥45.0 kg/m2. Progressively increasing HAQ scores were documented with higher BMI; Group I HAQ score: 0.125 (median) (range: 0–1.75); Group II HAQ score: 0.375 (0–2.5); Group III HAQ score: 0.75 (0–2.65) (Group III versus IIP<0.001; Group III versus IP<0.001; Group II versus IP=0.004). HAQ score strongly correlated with BMI and age. Nearly three-fourths of the study participants reported some degree of disability (HAQ score > 0). The prevalence of this degree of disability increased with increasing BMI and age. It also correlated to type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and clinical depression, but not to gender. Our data suggest that severe obesity is associated with self-reported disability in performing common daily life activities, with increasing degree of disability as BMI increases over 35 kg/m2. Functional assessment is crucial in obesity management, and establishing the disability profiles of obese patients is integral to both meet the specific healthcare needs of individuals and develop evidence-based public health programs, interventions, and priorities.

Cochlear Implantation in Children with Inner Ear Malformations

1998 ◽  
Vol 107 (6) ◽  
pp. 492-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audie L. Woolley ◽  
Rodney P. Lusk ◽  
Virginia Jenison ◽  
Robert S. Bahadori ◽  
Barbara S. Stroer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Csf Leak ◽  
Closed Set ◽  
Inner Ear Malformations ◽  
Open Set ◽  
Ear Malformations ◽  
Csf Leaks

We performed a case study and intervention study, with follow-up of 1 to 5 years, in 4 children with inner ear malformations who underwent implantation of a multichannel cochlear implant (Nucleus, Cochlear Corporation) at ages 3 to 12 years. Malformations included a common cavity deformity, 2 incomplete partitions, and 1 case of isolated bilateral vestibular aqueduct enlargement. One child had a single-channel implant placed at 3 years of age, and this was exchanged for a 22-channel implant at age 9. One child had her implant placed at age 4.5 years, but due to complications from a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak had the initial implant removed and replaced at age 5 years during repair of the CSF leak. Intraoperative findings included a CSF leak at the time of surgery in 3 patients. One patient contracted bacterial meningitis 7 months postimplantation that was thought to be secondary to acute otitis media in the unoperated ear. Bilateral CSF leaks were noted in the middle ear by a lumbar puncture radionuclide and fluorescein dye study. Successful repair of the CSF leaks and reimplantation of the cochlear implant was carried out in this patient. Mapping and programing of the implant was found to be challenging in each of these patients. All patients demonstrated improved performance after implantation. Two patients demonstrated some open-set speech perception. One patient demonstrates improved use of temporal cues in a structured closed set. One patient has achieved no significant speech recognition at this time, but does have improved sound detection and awareness. Cochlear implantation in children with congenital inner ear abnormalities can be a successful method of rehabilitation. It should be recognized that the postoperative speech perception results may be highly variable among patients, and that intraoperative complications may occur.

Self-Reported Listening Habits and Enjoyment of Music among Adult Cochlear Implant Recipients

2009 ◽  
Vol 118 (5) ◽  
pp. 350-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lela Migirov ◽  
Jona Kronenberg ◽  
Yael Henkin
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Speech Coding ◽  
Musical Instrument ◽  
Open Set ◽  
Coding Strategy ◽  
Listening Habits ◽  
Musical Activities

Objectives: We sought to assess the associations between self-reported listening habits and enjoyment of music, and the following variables: Age at implantation, gender, prelingual versus postlingual deafness, duration of deafness, duration of cochlear implant (CI) use, type of CI, speech coding strategy, and speech perception abilities. Methods: A questionnaire on listening habits and enjoyment of music before the onset of deafness and after implantation was sent to 85 adult CI recipients who had been using the devices for at least 6 months. Results: Of the 53 responders, 39 (73.6%) listened to music after implantation. Listening to music was not significantly related to age at implantation, gender, duration of deafness, duration of CI use, type of CI device, speech coding strategy, or open-set speech perception abilities. The 14 nonlisteners were postlingually deafened. The ratings of enjoyment were the same for 22.6% of patients, improved for 26.4%, and worse for 50.9%. Only 2 of 13 patients who played a musical instrument and 14 of 24 patients who sang before the onset of deafness resumed their musical activities. Conclusions: Despite the decline in listening habits and in the enjoyment of music after cochlear implantation, most patients do listen to music. The changes in listening habits and enjoyment were not related to the selected background variables.

Ultrastructural Lesions Produced by Alcohol and Sucrose in the Heart and Liver of C57BL Mice

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 208-209
Author(s):  
K.K. SEKHRI ◽  
C.S. ALEXANDER ◽  
H.T. NAGASAWA
Keyword(s):  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Alcohol Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
C57bl Mice ◽  
Group Ii

C57BL male mice (Jackson Lab., Bar Harbor, Maine) weighing about 18 gms were randomly divided into three groups: group I was fed sweetened liquid alcohol diet (modified Schenkl) in which 36% of the calories were derived from alcohol; group II was maintained on a similar diet but alcohol was isocalorically substituted by sucrose; group III was fed regular mouse chow ad lib for five months. Liver and heart tissues were fixed in 2.5% cacodylate buffered glutaraldehyde, post-fixed in 2% osmium tetroxide and embedded in Epon-araldite.

The Quantitative Ultrastructure of the Heart Muscle of Japanese Quail by Hypergravitation, Hypodynamy and Combination

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-189
Author(s):  
Anton Bózner ◽  
Mikuláš Gažo ◽  
Jozef Dostál
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Heart Muscle ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Combination Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Space Flights ◽  
Group I ◽  
Quantitative Ultrastructure

It is anticipated that Japanese quail /Coturnix coturnix japonica/ will provide animal proteins in long term space flights. Consequently this species of birds is of research interest of international space program INTERCOSMOS. In the year 1987 we reported on an experiment /2/ in which the effect of chronic acceleration of 2 G hypergravitation, the hypodynamy and the simultaneous effect of chronic acceleration and the location in the centre of the turntable of the centrifuge on the protein fractions in skeletal muscles was studied. The ultrastructure of the heart muscle was now in this experiments examined as well.Japanese quail cockerels, aged 48 days were exposed to 2 G hypergravitation /group IV/ in a 6,4 m diameter centrifuge, to hypodynamy /group III/ and their combination /group V/, respectively for 6 days / Fig.1/. The hypodynamy in group III was achieved by suspending the birds in jackets without contact the floor. The group II was located in the centre ofthe turntable of the centrifuge. The control group I. was kept under normal conditions. The quantitative ultrastructure of myocard was evaluated by the methods of Weibel/3/ - this enables to determine the number, relative size and volume of mitochondria volume of single mitochondria, defficiency of mitochondrial cristae and volume of myofibrils.

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