Are There Cochlear Dead Regions Involved in Hearing Loss after Cisplatin Ototoxicity?

Background: The most common complaint of patients affected by chemotherapy-induced hearing loss is difficulty understanding speech in noisy environments despite the use of hearing aids. Cochlear dead regions, those areas with damaged or absent inner hair cells and dendrites, may account for this type of hearing loss. However, it is unknown whether this condition is associated with cisplatin agents. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether cisplatin is associated with hearing loss and cochlear dead regions. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in patients participating in routine audiological monitoring during and after chemotherapy treatment. Adults undergoing audiological evaluation who had completed chemotherapy treatment were invited to participate. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to pure tone thresholds. Group 1 patients had thresholds over 70 dB (HL) at 2,000 Hz and higher frequencies. Group 2 patients had thresholds below 70 dB (HL) up to 2,000 Hz. Patients in the control group had normal thresholds at all frequencies. The threshold equalizing noise test (TEN[HL]) was used to identify cochlear dead regions by repeating thresholds in the presence of TEN noise played from a compact disc. The presence of cochlear dead regions was established when the masked threshold was 10 dB or greater above the TEN level and 10 dB or greater above the absolute threshold at any frequency. Results: Twelve patients were included in study group 1, 10 patients in study group 2, and 7 patients in the control group. Cochlear dead regions were present in all patients with hearing loss and in none of the control group. For groups 1 and 2, mean differences between absolute and masked thresholds were 21 and 16 dB at 500 Hz; 22 and 15 dB at 1,000 Hz; 31 and 17 dB at 2,000 Hz; 32 and 20 dB at 3,000 Hz; and 31 and 21 dB at 4,000 Hz, respectively. Nevertheless, analysis of variance testing with Bonferroni analysis showed a difference between groups 1 and 2 only at 2,000, 3,000, and 4,000 Hz. Conclusion: We found unresponsive or dead cochlear regions in patients who had undergone cisplatin chemotherapy even among patients with mild to moderate hearing loss.

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Otoacoustic emissions in detection of pre-clinical noise induced cochlear damage in military personnel

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20150901 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 58 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Abhijeet Bhatia

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Military Personnel ◽

Otoacoustic Emissions ◽

Noise Exposure ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Control Groups ◽

Cochlear Damage ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

Background: Objective of current study to analyse the utility of TEOAEs and DPOAEs to detect cochlear damage due to chronic exposure to firearm noise in Indian military personnel at a preclinical stage. Military personnel are exposed to firearm noise and need to be assessed for cochlear damage periodically.Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted from May 2004 to Apr 2005. Indian army soldiers and general civilian population were included in the study. The TEOAE and DPOAE parameters of two control groups (civilians, no noise exposure, no HL: control group 1; soldiers, noise exposed, hearing loss: Control group 2) were compared with the study group (soldiers, noise exposure, no hearing loss: Study group).Results: TEOAE amplitudes of the study group varied significantly from those of both the control groups at almost all frequencies. Overall amplitude too followed a similar trend. However, although the DPOAE amplitude of the study group was less than that of control group 1, the difference was not significant. The DPOAE amplitude of study group varied significantly from control group 2.Conclusions: TEOAEs proved to be useful to distinguish between green ears and ears chronically exposed to impulse noise with and without hearing loss. But DPOAEs proved to be useful in distinguishing only between normal hearing from hearing loss ears.

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A Prognostic Marker in Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Serum Calprotectin

Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology ◽

10.21053/ceo.2019.00283 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 36-40

Author(s):

İhsan Kuzucu ◽

Tuba Çandar ◽

Deniz Baklacı ◽

İsmail Güler ◽

Rauf Oğuzhan Kum ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽

Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽

Sensorineural Hearing ◽

Response To Treatment ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Historical Cohort ◽

The Relationship

Objectives. Calprotectin, a protein released by neutrophils, has been used in many studies as a biomarker showing the presence of inflammation. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between serum calprotectin level and response to the treatment of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSHL).Methods. The present study is a prospective, cross-sectional historical cohort study. The study group consisted of 44 patients with ISSHL, and the control group consisted of 41 healthy volunteers without ear pathology. At the same time, patients in the study group were divided into three groups according to the response to ISSHL treatment (recovered, partially recovered, unrecovered). The relationship between the groups was statistically evaluated in terms of serum calprotectin levels.Results. The mean serum calprotectin value was 75.67±19.48 ng/mL in the study group and 50.24±29.14 ng/mL in the control group (P=0.001). Serum calprotectin value according to the severity of hearing loss in the mild, moderate and severe was 66.20±8.82, 70.35±16.77, and 91.23±19.73 ng/mL, respectively. Serum calprotectin value in the severe group was significantly higher compared to the moderate and mild groups (P=0.004, P=0.001, respectively). Serum calprotectin value according to the treatment response in the recovered, partially recovered and unrecovered groups was 63.36±11.54, 80.17±12.06, and 85.33±22.33 ng/mL, respectively. Serum calprotectin value in the recovered group was significantly lower compared to the partially recovered and unrecovered groups (P=0.002, P=0.001, respectively).Conclusion. Serum calprotectin value informs the clinician about both the severity of hearing loss and the response to treatment. Hence, serum calprotectin can be used as an important biomarker in ISSHL patients for the determination of the prognosis of disease.

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Pre-teens, Audio Analgesia and Dental Care: A Cross-Sectional Study

International Healthcare Research Journal ◽

10.26440/ihrj/0404.07099 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 98-101

Author(s):

Akshaye Kumar ◽

Priyanka Sharma ◽

Arjun Malhotra

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Pain Tolerance ◽

Control Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pearson’S Correlation ◽

Promising Alternative ◽

Pearson's Correlation ◽

Group 2 ◽

Fear And Anxiety ◽

Group 1

INTRODUCTION: Research has proven that music plays an important role in alleviating fear and anxiety among patients.AIM: To assess the effect of audio analgesia in pre-teen children aged 8-12 years undergoing dental restorations. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Data was collected using a pre-tested and pre-validated proforma filled by the child prior to start of the treatment by circling the number corresponding to the expected pain during the procedure [Ranged 0 (No pain) -10 (Maximum pain)]. Children who reported their expected pain above 5, were enrolled in group 1 (The ones receiving audio analgesia) while the remaining were assigned group 2 (controls). Children in group 1 were asked to put on their favourite song using noise cancellation headphones and the procedure was commenced. After completion of the treatment, the VAS scale was re-introduced and the children were asked to re-circle the actual pain experienced during the procedure. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 using the chi-squared test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. A significant value was obtained when p was≤ 0.05. RESULTS: Of the total 80 children enrolled in the present study, there were an equal number of males and females (40 each). It was observed that 70.3% of children in group 1 had an increased pain tolerance as compared to only 37.2% of children in the control group(p=0.01). Pearson’s Correlation revealed a positive and linear association (r: +0.721) and a significant relationship (p = 0.03) between both groups. CONCLUSION: Audio analgesia has been proven to a promising alternative to distract the patient from the anxiety faced in the dental setting and is recommended for nervous and anxious patients.

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EFFECT OF BROMELAIN AND ARNICA COMBINATION ON PERIORBITAL EDEMA AND ECCHYMOSIS IN SEPTORHINOPLASTY

10.22541/au.161166508.85220299/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

ONER SAKALLIOGLU ◽

EMRAH GÜLMEZ ◽

YAVUZ SULTAN SELIM YILDIRIM ◽

HASAN CETINER ◽

SERTAC DUZER ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Topical Administration ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Periorbital Edema ◽

Eyelid Edema ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

Purpose: The aim of this study to investigate the effect of bromelain-arnica gel combination on periorbital edema and ecchymosis seen after open septorhinoplasty. Methods: Sixty patients who performed open septorhinoplasty with osteotomies were included to the study. These patients were allocated into two groups: in group 1, 30 patients as control and in group 2, 30 patients as study group who were treated with topical bromelain-arnica gel after surgery. Scoring of eyelid edema and peroirbital ecchymosis were evaluated on the first, third and seventh postoperative days using scale of 0 to 4 used by observers. Results: We observed that the administration of topical bromelain-arnica gel after surgery was effective clinically and statistically in decreasing the score of both edema and ecchymosis in open septorhinoplasty with ostetomies. In group 2 patients, periorbital edema and ecchymosis scores were significantly lower compared to control group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Our results support that topical administration of bromelain and arnica gel combination provided both clinically and statistically significant reduction in periorbital edema and ecchymosis following septorhinoplasty.

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Cytomorphometric and Morphological Analysis in Women with Trichomonas vaginalis Infection: Micronucleus Frequency in Exfoliated Cervical Epithelial Cells

Acta Cytologica ◽

10.1159/000431148 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 59 (3) ◽

pp. 258-264 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Zehra Safi Oz ◽

Banu Doğan Gun ◽

Mustafa Ozkan Gun ◽

Sukru Oguz Ozdamar

Keyword(s):

Epithelial Cells ◽

Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Control Groups ◽

The Mean ◽

The Difference ◽

Group 2 ◽

And Control ◽

Group 1

Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the cytomorphometric and morphological effects of Trichomonas vaginalis in exfoliated epithelial cells. Study Design: Ninety-six Pap-stained cervical smears were divided into a study group and two control groups as follows: T. vaginalis cases, a first control group with inflammation, and a second control group without inflammation. Micronucleated, binucleated, karyorrhectic, karyolytic, and karyopyknotic cells and cells with perinuclear halos per 1,000 epithelial cells were counted. Nuclear and cellular areas were evaluated in 70 clearly defined cells in each smear using image analysis. Results: The frequencies of morphological parameters in the T. vaginalis cases were higher than the values of the two control groups, and the difference among groups was found to be significant (p < 0.05). The nuclear and cytoplasmic areas of epithelial cells were diminished in patients with trichomoniasis. The mean nucleus/cytoplasm ratio in T. vaginalis patients was higher than the value in the control groups, and the difference between the study group and control group 1 was significant. However, there was no statistically significant increase between the study group and control group 2. Conclusions:T. vaginalis exhibited significant changes in the cellular size and nuclear structure of the cells. The rising frequency of micronuclei, nuclear abnormalities, and changing nucleus/cytoplasm ratio may reflect genotoxic damage in trichomoniasis.

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Volume and distances of the maxillary sinus in craniofacial deformities with midfacial hypoplasia

Otolaryngology ◽

10.1016/j.otohns.2009.08.018 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 141 (5) ◽

pp. 614-620 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Seung Yong Song ◽

Jong Won Hong ◽

Tai Suk Roh ◽

Yong Oock Kim ◽

Deok Won Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Maxillary Sinus ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Severance Hospital ◽

Midfacial Hypoplasia ◽

Group 2 ◽

Maxillary Sinuses

Objective: Craniofacial deformities (CFDs) frequently accompany midfacial hypoplasia. The authors evaluated characteristics of maxillary sinuses that had CFDs with variable degrees of midfacial hypoplasia. Study Design: Cross-sectional survey with chart review. Setting: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Subjects and Methods: We investigated 40 patients with CFDs having midfacial hypoplasia. Study group 1 (SG 1) consisted of eight patients with Crouzon syndrome (16 maxillary sinuses). Study group 2 (SG 2) consisted of 10 patients with midfacial hypoplasia after palatoplasty (20 maxillary sinuses). Study group 3 (SG 3) consisted of 22 patients with Pruzansky grade I hemifacial microsomia (22 maxillary sinuses on the affected sides). Data on volume and three-dimensional distances (height, width, and depth) from computed tomography were collected and compared with each corresponding control group. Correlation coefficient between volume and the three distances was also calculated. Results: The volume, height, width, and depth of the maxillary sinus were significantly decreased in SG 1 ( P < 0.01). In SG 2, only the depth was significantly decreased ( P < 0.05). In SG 3, there were no significant differences in any parameters. A multiple-regression analysis between the volume and the three distances showed a statistically significant relationship for width in SG 1, width and height in SG 2, and all distances in SG 3. Conclusion: There were differences in the structure of the maxillary sinuses among patients with different CFDs.

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Menopausal disorders in obese women

Kazan medical journal ◽

10.17750/kmj2017-696 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 98 (5) ◽

pp. 696-701

Author(s):

M A Idrisova ◽

A E Esedova

Keyword(s):

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Climacteric Syndrome ◽

Obese Women ◽

Point Scale ◽

Healthy Women ◽

Kupperman Index ◽

Symptom Complex ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

Aim. To study menopausal disorders in women suffering from obesity. Methods. The study included 165 women in physiological postmenopausal state. Women were divided into two groups: group 1 (study group) included 87 women with obesity, group 2 (control group) consisted of 78 women without obesity. With the use of modified menopausal index (the Kupperman index) the severity of climacteric disorders was assessed. Severity of neurovegetative, metabolic-endocrine and psychoemotional symptoms was assessed according to 4-point scale (from 0 to 3 points). The number of points in each group was summarized and a modified menopausal index was obtained. Results. It was revealed that in women with obesity severe (in 24 females, 27.5%) and moderate (in 39 patients, 44.5%) climacteric syndrome was prevalent, in patients from the control group such forms were 1.5-2 times less frequent - in 11 (14.2%) and 28 (36.2%) patients, respectively. A deeper analysis of the entire symptom complex of climacteric syndrome revealed that severe and moderate forms of neurovegetative manifestations were 2 times more common in patients with obesity, in contrast to healthy women (in 7.8% and 4.5%, 21.5% and 12.3%, respectively). Severe forms of psychoemotional manifestations were also observed 2.6 times more often in women with obesity. Conclusion. Severity of menopausal disorders depends on obesity presence, the data obtained demonstrated that, against the background of obesity, climacteric syndrome tends to have prolonged course with predominance of severe and moderate forms.

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EFFICACY OF CAUDAL BLOCK WITH LEVOBUPIVACAINE FOR POSTOPERATIVE ANALGESIA AFTER THE SUBUMBILICAL SURGERY IN CHILDREN

Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy ◽

10.34071/jmp.2018.5.8 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 58-64

Author(s):

Nga Bui Thi Thuy ◽

Minh Nguyen Van

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Postoperative Analgesia ◽

Laryngeal Mask ◽

Control Group ◽

Caudal Block ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Relieve Pain ◽

Group 2 ◽

Effective Analgesia ◽

Group 1

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of postoperative analgesia, side effects and complications of caudal block with levobupivacaine 0.25% 1mL/kg for subumbilical surgery. Materials and methods: In a comparative cross-sectional descriptive study, sixty ASA I–II children less than 6 years old scheduled for elective subumbilical surgery were randomized to divide into 2 groups: group 1 (control group) were only used general anethesia with laryngeal mask, group 2 (levo group) were anesthetized under general anaesthesia with laryngeal mask and caudal block with levobupivacaine 0.25% 1mL/kg to relieve pain after surgery. The evaluation variables included the duration of postoperative analgesia, total analgesic used in 12 hours after surgery, FLACC score, Ramsay and Bromage score after extubation of laryngeal mask, side effects and complications. Results: The duration of postoperative analgesia in the caudal block group was 8.25 ± 1.48 hours, in the control group was 0.07 ± 0.37 hours. The total dose of acetaminophen and morphine after surgery in the control group were 574.50 mg ± 23.61mg and 3.94 ± 1.6 mg, while in the levo group were 251.25 mg ± 15.7 mg and 0 mg. In the levo group, at the recovery time, all patients had FLACC score ≤ 3 and most of the patients were co-operative and alert. No side effects occurred between two groups. Conclusion: caudal block for postoperative analgesia was a safe and effective analgesia technique for children. Key words: caudal block, levobupivacaine, subumbilical surgery, children, postoperative analgesia

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Could edaravone prevent gentamicin ototoxicity? An experimental study

Human & Experimental Toxicology ◽

10.1177/0960327116639360 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 123-127 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

M Turan ◽

E Ciğer ◽

S Arslanoğlu ◽

H Börekci ◽

K Önal

Keyword(s):

Guinea Pigs ◽

Hearing Threshold ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Threshold Values ◽

Once Daily ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Brainstem Response ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

Objectives: Clinical application of gentamicin may cause nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. Our study is the first study to investigate the protective effects of edaravone against the gentamicin-induced ototoxicity. We investigated the protective effect of intraperitoneal (i.p.) edaravone application against gentamicin-induced ototoxicity in guinea pigs. Methods: Fourteen guinea pigs were divided into two equal groups consisting of a control group and a study group. One-hundred sixty milligrams per kilogram subcutaneous gentamicin and 0.3 mL i.p. saline were applied simultaneously once daily to seven guinea pigs in the control group (group 1). One-hundred sixty milligrams per kilogram gentamicin was applied subcutaneously and 3 mg/kg edaravone was applied intraperitoneally once daily for 7 days simultaneously to seven guinea pigs in the study group (group 2). Following the drug application, auditory brainstem response measurements were performed for the left ear on the 3rd and 7th days. Results: Hearing threshold values of the group 1 and group 2 measured in the 3rd day of the study were detected as 57.14 ± 4.88 and 82.86 ± 7.56, respectively. This difference was statistically significant ( p < 0.05). Hearing threshold values of the group 1 and group 2 measured in the 7th day of the study were detected as 87.14 ± 4.88 and 62.86 ± 4.88, respectively. This difference was statistically significant ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: A statistically significant difference between the average threshold values of edaravone-administered group 2 and that of group 1 without edaravone was found. These differences show that systemic edaravone administration could diminish ototoxic effects of gentamicin and the severity of the hearing loss.

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Ultrasound-guided tip location of midline catheters

The Journal of Vascular Access ◽

10.1177/1129729820907250 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

pp. 764-768

Author(s):

Stefano Elli ◽

Mauro Pittiruti ◽

Valentina Pigozzo ◽

Luigi Cannizzo ◽

Luciano Giannini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Venous Thrombosis ◽

Subclavian Vein ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Axillary Vein ◽

Ultrasound Guided ◽

Catheter Tip ◽

Group 2 ◽

And Control ◽

Group 1

Introduction: Midline catheters are widely used in clinical practice. Proper placement of midline catheter tip is usually assessed only by aspirating blood and flushing with normal saline without resistance. Purpose: To describe the ultrasound-guided tip location for midline catheters and its feasibility and to compare incidence of catheter-related venous thrombosis associated with or without ultrasound tip localization. Methods: The ultrasound-guided tip location is described step by step. Feasibility of the technique and incidence of catheter-related venous thrombosis were measured (study group) and compared with two historical groups: study group, 20-cm midline catheters inserted with ultrasound-guided tip location; group 1, 25-cm midline catheters inserted without ultrasound-guided tip location and group 2, 20-cm midline catheters inserted without ultrasound-guided tip location. Results: In the study group, ultrasound-guided tip location was easily feasible in 98.9% of patients. Incidence of catheter-related venous thrombosis was 2.42% in control group 1, 9% in control group 2 and 2.62% in the study group. Discussion: In the study group and control group 1, the tip was placed in the axillary vein, about 3 cm distal to the clavicle and in the subclavian vein. In control group 2, the tip was probably located at the transition between the axillary and the subclavian vein. It is possible that such position may have been associated with an increased incidence of catheter-related venous thrombosis. Conclusion: The ideal position of the tip of a midline catheter might be inside the axillary vein, about 3 cm distal to the axillary-subclavian transition or inside the subclavian vein. Ultrasound-guided tip location is safe, inexpensive, easy and potentially useful during midline catheters insertion.

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