scholarly journals STUDY OF THE SPECIFIC ACTIVITY OF THE PHYTOCOMPOSITION ON THE DEXAMETHASONE-INDUCED INSULIN RESISTANCE

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
A. I. Dub ◽  
I. M. Klishch ◽  
L. V. Vronska ◽  
I. P. Stechyshyn
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Experimental Group

Introduction. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) has recently become an epidemic in the population. There are approximately 463 million patients in the world, and according to experts from the International Diabetes Federation, it is expected to increase to 700 million people by 2045, of which more than 90 % will fall on DM2. Despite the significant progress made in studying the pathogenesis of DM, the presence of a wide range of antidiabetic drugs, diabetes remains an acute medical and social problem. The aim of the study – to investigate the specific activity of the phytocomposition, which contains dry extracts of white mulberry leaves (Morus alba L.), common beans shells (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), bilberry sprouts (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) in the experimental model of insulin resistance caused by dexamethasone injections. Research Methods. The experiments were performed on male rats aged three months and weight (200±20) g. Experimental animals were divided into the following groups: negative and positive control, two reference groups, which received Arfazetin and metformin respectively, and experimental group, which received phytocomposition. Insulin resistance was modeled by intramuscular administration of glucocorticosteroid dexamethasone (0.125 mg/kg daily for 13 days in the morning). The state of glucose homeostasis was assessed by changes in basal glycemia and under oral glucose tolerance test, short insulin and adrenalin test. Functional glycemic coefficients were also calculated. Statistical processing was performed using computer programs IBM SPSS Statistics v.10.1 and MS Excel 2010. Results and Discussion. Basal glycemia after modeling insulin resistance in the experimental group, which received the phytocomposition, was significantly lower by 19.0 % from the positive control group and did not differ from the activity of metformin. During the oral glucose tolerance test, the phytocomposition significantly inhibited the growth of glycemia in all studied periods relative to the indicators of the positive control group. Functional glycemic coefficients, which were obtained based on test data, did not exceed the norm. Insulin sensitivity under the influence of phytomedicine increased by 16.2 % above the positive control group, indicating inhibition of insulin resistance development under its influence. The studied phytocomposition inhibited the development of adrenaline glycemia by 42.9, 70.2 % after 30 and 90 min, respectively, relative to the positive control group, which corresponds to the indicators of the negative control group and reference group, which received Arfazetin, but this decrease is not enough to exceed the effect of metformin. Conclusions. The obtained results indicate that the studied phytocomposition inhibits the development of insulin resistance and carbohydrate tolerance in the conditions of insulin resistance caused by the introduction of dexamethasone.

Antidiabetes effect of Noni Fruit (Morinda citrifolia L.) on mice with Oral Glucose Tolerance Method and Streptozotocin Induction Method

2021 ◽  
pp. 5067-5071
Author(s):  
Nikeherpianti Lolok ◽  
Sahidin I. ◽  
Sri Adi Sumiwi ◽  
Ahmad Muhtadi
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Induction Method

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a problem that deserves attention because of its increasing prevalence every year. The prevalence of DM based on WHO in 2030 is predicted to reach 366 patients. Epidemiologically, it is estimated that in 2030 the prevalence of DM in Indonesia reaches 21.3 million people. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of glycosides from noni fruit on reducing blood sugar levels in normal rats induced by diabetes by the method of glucose tolerance and induction of streptozotocin (STZ). Antidiabetic effect testing was divided into 8 groups namely 4 groups for oral glucose tolerance test in male mice (positive control group, negative control group, glycoside control group, and normal group), 4 other groups for testing with STZ induction (positive control group, positive control group, negative control, glycoside control group, and normal group). Oral glucose tolerance test results on normal mice showed that glycosides from noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia L.) gave significantly different results with negative controls at minute 30 is 0.036 (p <0.05) and were not significantly different from positive controls (0.462) subsequently at 120 minutes the results showed that the glycoside group was significantly different from the negative group (0.028) and not significantly different from the positive group (0.261). Tests with STZ induction method showed that the decrease in the level of blood sugar induced by the glycoside group was not significantly different (p> 0.05) with the positive group on day 1 (0.056), day 3 (0.168), and day 7(0.141) so that it could be concluded that the glycosides from Noni fruit with a dose of 150mg/kg body weight provides antidiabetic activity.

scholarly journals QOL-43. ENDOCRINE AND METABOLIC CHANGES IN CHILDREN TREATED FOR MEDULLOBLASTOMA

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii439-iii439
Author(s):  
Alexey Kalinin ◽  
Natalia Strebkova ◽  
Olga Zheludkova
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Hormone Deficiency ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance

Abstract We examined 63 patients (40 males/23 females) after complex treatment of medulloblastoma. Patients had a median age (range) of 11.3 (5.5 ÷ 17.9) years. The median time after the end of treatment was 3.7 (1.5 ÷ 11.6) years. Endocrine disorders were detected with the following frequency: growth hormone deficiency - 98.41% (62 of 63 patients), thyroid hormone deficiency – 69.8% (44/63), adrenal hormone deficiency - 17.4% (11/63). Three cases (4.7%) of premature sexual development were also detected. Lipids levels, beta-cell function and insulin resistance (IR) during 2-h oral glucose tolerance test were evaluated. A mono frequent bioelectrical impedanciometer was used to measure body composition. Overweight (SDS BMI&gt; 1) was observed only in 16 patients (3 girls and 13 boys), obesity (SDS BMI&gt; 2) in 1 boy. Dyslipidemia was found in 34 patients (54%). All patients underwent oral glucose tolerance test. Insulin resistance (ISI Matsuda &lt;2.5 and/or HOMA-IR&gt; 3.2) was detected in 7 patients (11/1%), impaired glucose tolerance (120 min glucose ≥7.8 mmol / l) was observed in 2 patients with IR and in 2 patients without IR. At the same time, IR and impaired glucose tolerance were encountered in only 5 children with overweight and no one with obesity. All patients with impaired glucose tolerance had normal values of fasting glucose (4.3 ÷ 5.04 mmol / l) and HbA1c (4.8 ÷ 5.8%). A bioelectrical impedanciometer was used to measure body composition in 49 cases, the percentage of adipose tissue was increased in 14 patients (28%) with normal BMI.

scholarly journals The Role of Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF) Binding Protein-2 in the Insulin-Mediated Decrease in IGF-I Bioactivity

Endocrinology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 150 (11) ◽  
pp. 5192-5192
Author(s):  
Ayman M. Arafat ◽  
Martin O. Weickert ◽  
Jan Frystyk ◽  
Joachim Spranger ◽  
Christof Schöfl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Igf System ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Igf Binding

ABSTRACT Context: Insulin interacts with the GH-IGF system by a reciprocal regulation of IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP) and GH, which in turn regulate insulin sensitivity via bioactive IGF-I. This network is linked to metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. Objective: We evaluated the effect of glucose and insulin on IGFBP-1-4, particularly IGFBP-2, in the regulation of bioactive IGF-I and its relation to insulin resistance. Setting: The study was conducted at an endocrinology center. Research Design and Methods: Twenty-four healthy subjects (12 men; aged 21–72 yr; body mass index 25.9 ± 0.9 kg/m2) and 19 subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT; eight men; aged 26–71 yr; body mass index 28.9 ± 1.2 kg/m2 ) were prospectively studied using oral glucose tolerance test and hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp. Results: During the clamp, insulin decreased IGF-I bioactivity in both IGT subjects and controls (−16.2 ± 2.8 and −13.9 ± 3.3%, respectively; P &lt; 0.01). In addition, insulin increased IGFBP-2 and GH and decreased IGFBP-1 and -4 but did not alter total IGF-I, IGF-II, or IGFBP-3 levels. During the oral glucose tolerance test, GH and IGFBP-1 were markedly suppressed. Subjects with IGT showed more pronounced insulin resistance and lower GH, IGFBP-1, and IGFBP-2 levels (P &lt; 0.05). In multiple regression analysis, IGFBP-2 was an independent predictor of insulin sensitivity (β = 0.36, P &lt; 0.05) and IGF-I bioactivity (β = −0.5, P &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: Our data indicate that insulin acutely decreases IGF-I bioactivity through differential modulation of IGFBPs. Furthermore, IGFBP-2 plays a central role in the insulin-IGF system cross talk and is closely linked to insulin resistance, thereby providing a further explanation for its association with the metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Effect of eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester v. oleic acid-rich safflower oil on insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic model rats with hypertriacylglycerolaemi

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asako Minami ◽  
Noriko Ishimura ◽  
Sadaichi Sakamoto ◽  
Eiko Takishita ◽  
Kazuaki Mawatari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Oletf Rats ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

The purpose of the present study was to test whether hyperlipidaemia and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats can be improved by dietary supplementation with purified eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or oleic acid (OA). Male OLETF rats were fed powdered chow (510 g fat/kg) alone (n 8) or chow supplemented with 1·0 g EPA- (n 8) or OA- (n 8) rich oil/kg per d from 5 weeks until 30 weeks of age. An oral glucose tolerance test and hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp was performed at 25 and 30 weeks of age. EPA supplementation resulted in significantly (P<0.05) reduced plasma lipids, hepatic triacylglycerols, and abdominal fat deposits, and more efficient in vivo glucose disposal compared with OA supplementation and no supplementation. OA supplementation was associated with significantly increased insulin response to oral glucose compared with EPA supplementation and no supplementation. Inverse correlation was noted between glucose uptake and plasma triacylglycerol levels (r -0·86, P<0·001) and abdominal fat volume (r -0·80, P<0·001). The result of oral glucose tolerance test study showed that the rats fed EPA tended to improve glucose intolerance, although this was not statistically significant. Levels of plasma insulin at 60 min after glucose was significantly increased in rats fed OA compared with the other two groups. The results indicate that long-term feeding of EPA might be effective in preventing insulin resistance in diabetes-prone rats, at least in part, due to improving hypertriacylglycerolaemia.

scholarly journals The Effects of Hyperemesis Gravidarum on the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Values and Gestational Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-293
Author(s):  
Burak Bayraktar ◽  
Meric Balikoglu ◽  
Miyase Gizem Bayraktar ◽  
Ahkam Goksel Kanmaz
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Hyperemesis Gravidarum ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance

This study is aimed at determination whether pregnant women who develop hyperemesis gravidarum in the first trimester have a tendency to develop gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). It is also aimed at identification of effects of hyperemesis gravidarum and GDM on prenatal and neonatal status in case they were detected together. Hyperemesis gravidarum diagnose was based on the following signs and symptoms. To diagnose GDM, first trimester fasting blood glucose measurement and subsequent blood glucose monitoring and 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were performed in the second trimester. A total of 949 singleton pregnant women (95 with and 852 without hyperemesis gravidarum) who met our criteria were included in the study. In the first trimester, plasma blood glucose and positive GDM screening were found to be significantly higher in the hyperemesis gravidarum group compared to the control group (p=0.042 and p<0.001, respectively). However, actual GDM cases were similar between both groups. The positive predictive value was significantly lower in the hyperemesis gravidarum group (28.5% vs. 72.7%, p=0.003). In the second trimester, the prevalence of GDM was 6.6% in the hyperemesis gravidarum group and 7.3% in the control group, with no significant difference (p=0.218) between-groups. In this study, hyperemesis gravidarum was found to cause changes in maternal metabolism in the first trimester of pregnancy due to limited calorie intake and fasting; in the presence of hyperemesis gravidarum, it should be known that the positive predictive value of first trimester gestational diabetes screening may decrease and the diagnosis of pseudo-GDM may increase.

scholarly journals Comparing the Fasting and Random-Fed Metabolome Response to an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test in Children and Adolescents: Implications of Sex, Obesity, and Insulin Resistance

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3365
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. LaBarre ◽  
Emily Hirschfeld ◽  
Tanu Soni ◽  
Maureen Kachman ◽  
Janis Wigginton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Nutrient Metabolism

As the incidence of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is occurring at a younger age, studying adolescent nutrient metabolism can provide insights on the development of T2D. Metabolic challenges, including an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) can assess the effects of perturbations in nutrient metabolism. Here, we present alterations in the global metabolome in response to an OGTT, classifying the influence of obesity and insulin resistance (IR) in adolescents that arrived at the clinic fasted and in a random-fed state. Participants were recruited as lean (n = 55, aged 8–17 years, BMI percentile 5–85%) and overweight and obese (OVOB, n = 228, aged 8–17 years, BMI percentile ≥ 85%). Untargeted metabolomics profiled 246 annotated metabolites in plasma at t0 and t60 min during the OGTT. Our results suggest that obesity and IR influence the switch from fatty acid (FA) to glucose oxidation in response to the OGTT. Obesity was associated with a blunted decline of acylcarnitines and fatty acid oxidation intermediates. In females, metabolites from the Fasted and Random-Fed OGTT were associated with HOMA-IR, including diacylglycerols, leucine/isoleucine, acylcarnitines, and phosphocholines. Our results indicate that at an early age, obesity and IR may influence the metabolome dynamics in response to a glucose challenge.

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