scholarly journals Carcass consumption by Nasutitermes callimorphus (Blattodea: Isoptera) in highland forests from Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 16187-16189
Author(s):  
Igor Eloi ◽  
Mário Herculano de Oliveira ◽  
Maria Avany Bezerra-Gusmão
Keyword(s):  
Evergreen Forests ◽  
Highland Forests

This note reports the occurrence of carcass feeding by Nasutitermes callimorphus, a endemic termite from brazilian evergreen forests. Based on this observation and previous reports, it is plausible to think that drought may play a important role in the occurrence of necrophagy in termites.

scholarly journals Threats to the evergreen forests of southern Malawi

Oryx ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Dowsett-Lemaire ◽  
R. J. Dowsett
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Rift Valley ◽  
The South ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Evergreen Forests ◽  
The North ◽  
Highland Forests

Malawi has a large number of isolated highland forests on either side of the Rift Valley. While those in the north do not at present suffer from serious degradation, in the south several have been much encroached upon for fuel wood and land for cultivation. As a result localized birds, reptiles, butterflies and plant species are threatened. In a two-year exploration of the evergreen forests of the country conducted for the Forestry Department, the authors surveyed the distribution and status of the flora and fauna, and identified threats to the survival of the rarer taxa.

scholarly journals Himalayan perceptions: Environmental change and the well-being of mountain peoples

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack D Ives
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Highland Forests ◽  
Development Paradigm

Preview of Himalayan perceptions: Environmental change and the well-being of mountain peoples by JD Ives Routledge, London and New York To be published in August 2004 Himalayan Perspectives returns to the enormously popular development paradigm that Ives dubbed the ‘Theory of Himalayan Degradation’. According to this seductive construct, poverty and overpopulation in the Himalayas was leading to degradation of highland forests, erosion, and downstream flooding. In the ‘Himalayan Dilemma’, Ives and Messerli exposed this “Theory” as a dangerous collection of assumptions and misrepresentations. While most scholars in the field promptly conceded Ives and Messerli’s points, the Theory has somehow survived as the guiding myth of development planners and many government agencies. In his new book, Ives returns to drive a stake through the heart of this revenant. His book not only reviews the research that, over the past 15 years, has confirmed the arguments of the ‘Himalayan Dilemma’; it also takes a close look at all those destructive factors that were overlooked by the conveniently simplistic ‘Theory of Himalayan Environmental Degradation’: government mismanagement, oppression of mountain minorities, armed conflict, and inappropriate tourism development. Himalayan Journal of Sciences 2(3): 17-19, 2004 The full text is of this article is available at the Himalayan Journal of Sciences website

scholarly journals New generation geostationary satellite observations support seasonality in greenness of the Amazon evergreen forests

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirofumi Hashimoto ◽  
Weile Wang ◽  
Jennifer L. Dungan ◽  
Shuang Li ◽  
Andrew R. Michaelis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Cover ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Optical Remote Sensing ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Evergreen Forests ◽  
Geostationary Satellites ◽  
Moderate Resolution ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ◽  
New Generation

AbstractAssessing the seasonal patterns of the Amazon rainforests has been difficult because of the paucity of ground observations and persistent cloud cover over these forests obscuring optical remote sensing observations. Here, we use data from a new generation of geostationary satellites that carry the Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) to study the Amazon canopy. ABI is similar to the widely used polar orbiting sensor, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), but provides observations every 10–15 min. Our analysis of NDVI data collected over the Amazon during 2018–19 shows that ABI provides 21–35 times more cloud-free observations in a month than MODIS. The analyses show statistically significant changes in seasonality over 85% of Amazon forest pixels, an area about three times greater than previously reported using MODIS data. Though additional work is needed in converting the observed changes in seasonality into meaningful changes in canopy dynamics, our results highlight the potential of the new generation geostationary satellites to help us better understand tropical ecosystems, which has been a challenge with only polar orbiting satellites.

scholarly journals Topographic Effects on the Spatial Species Associations in Diverse Heterogeneous Tropical Evergreen Forests

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2468
Author(s):  
Nguyen Hong Hai ◽  
Yousef Erfanifard ◽  
Van Bac Bui ◽  
Trinh Hien Mai ◽  
Any Mary Petritan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Interactions ◽  
Species Coexistence ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Interspecific Interactions ◽  
Spatial Association ◽  
Topographic Effects ◽  
Habitat Association ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Evergreen Forests ◽  
Partial Overlap

Studying spatial patterns and habitat association of plant communities may provide understanding of the ecological mechanisms and processes that maintain species coexistence. To conduct assessments of correlation between community compositions and habitat association, we used data from two topographically different plots with 2 ha area in tropical evergreen forests with the variables recorded via grid systems of 10 × 10 m subplots in Northern-Central Vietnam. First, we tested the relationship between community composition and species diversity indices considering the topographical variables. We then assessed the interspecific interactions of 20 dominant plant species using the nearest-neighbor distribution function, Dij(r), and Ripley’s K-function, Kij(r). Based on the significant spatial association of species pairs, indices of interspecific interaction were calculated by the quantitative amounts of the summary statistics. The results showed that (i) community compositions were significantly influenced by the topographic variables and (ii) almost 50% significant pairs of species interactions were increased with increasing spatial scales up to 10–15 m, then declined and disappeared at scales of 30–40 m. Segregation and partial overlap were the dominant association types and disappeared at larger spatial scales. Spatial segregation, mixing, and partial overlap revealed the important species interactions in maintaining species coexistence under habitat heterogeneity in diverse forest communities.

scholarly journals Contrasting seasonal leaf habits of canopy trees between tropical dry-deciduous and evergreen forests in Thailand

2006 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 643-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ishida ◽  
S. Diloksumpun ◽  
P. Ladpala ◽  
D. Staporn ◽  
S. Panuthai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evergreen Forests ◽  
Canopy Trees

scholarly journals Mechanistic evidence for tracking the seasonality of photosynthesis with solar-induced fluorescence

2019 ◽  
pp. 201900278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Troy S. Magney ◽  
David R. Bowling ◽  
Barry A. Logan ◽  
Katja Grossmann ◽  
Jochen Stutz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Gross Primary Production ◽  
Canopy Structure ◽  
Operating Efficiency ◽  
Conifer Forest ◽  
Spatiotemporal Resolution ◽  
Evergreen Forests ◽  
Spectrometer System

Northern hemisphere evergreen forests assimilate a significant fraction of global atmospheric CO2 but monitoring large-scale changes in gross primary production (GPP) in these systems is challenging. Recent advances in remote sensing allow the detection of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) emission from vegetation, which has been empirically linked to GPP at large spatial scales. This is particularly important in evergreen forests, where traditional remote-sensing techniques and terrestrial biosphere models fail to reproduce the seasonality of GPP. Here, we examined the mechanistic relationship between SIF retrieved from a canopy spectrometer system and GPP at a winter-dormant conifer forest, which has little seasonal variation in canopy structure, needle chlorophyll content, and absorbed light. Both SIF and GPP track each other in a consistent, dynamic fashion in response to environmental conditions. SIF and GPP are well correlated (R2 = 0.62–0.92) with an invariant slope over hourly to weekly timescales. Large seasonal variations in SIF yield capture changes in photoprotective pigments and photosystem II operating efficiency associated with winter acclimation, highlighting its unique ability to precisely track the seasonality of photosynthesis. Our results underscore the potential of new satellite-based SIF products (TROPOMI, OCO-2) as proxies for the timing and magnitude of GPP in evergreen forests at an unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution.

scholarly journals Prediction of photosynthesis in Scots pine ecosystems across Europe by a needle-level theory

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 13321-13328
Author(s):  
Pertti Hari ◽  
Steffen Noe ◽  
Sigrid Dengel ◽  
Jan Elbers ◽  
Bert Gielen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Co2 Flux ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Co2 Fluxes ◽  
New Era ◽  
Evergreen Forests ◽  
Transition Times

Abstract. Photosynthesis provides carbon for the synthesis of macromolecules to construct cells during growth. This is the basis for the key role of photosynthesis in the carbon dynamics of ecosystems and in the biogenic CO2 assimilation. The development of eddy-covariance (EC) measurements for ecosystem CO2 fluxes started a new era in the field studies of photosynthesis. However, the interpretation of the very variable CO2 fluxes in evergreen forests has been problematic especially in transition times such as the spring and autumn. We apply two theoretical needle-level equations that connect the variation in the light intensity, stomatal action and the annual metabolic cycle of photosynthesis. We then use these equations to predict the photosynthetic CO2 flux in five Scots pine stands located from the northern timberline to Central Europe. Our result has strong implications for our conceptual understanding of the effects of the global change on the processes in boreal forests, especially of the changes in the metabolic annual cycle of photosynthesis.

scholarly journals KEBERHASILAN PERTUMBUHAN STEK PUCUK MINDI BESAR (Melia dubia Cavanilles) TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN MEDIA DAN ZAT PENGATUR TUMBUH Successfully Growth of Shoot Cutting Mindi Besar (Melia dubia Cavanilles) on Media and Growth Regulator

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-140
Author(s):  
Liza Nurul Hayati ◽  
Nurheni Wijayanto ◽  
Yulianti .
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Rooted Cutting ◽  
Evergreen Forests ◽  
Containment Model ◽  
Primary Roots ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Melia Dubia ◽  
Secondary Roots

Mindi besar (Melia dubia Cavanilles) is one of fast growing tree species from family Meliaceae which growing in tropical evergreen forests. The aim of this study was to determine the best combination of medium and growth regulator for vegetative propagation of mindi besar trees. The completely randomized factorial design was used two factors; medium (M) there were two types of media; zeolite (M1) and soil + rice husk (2:1 v/v) medium (M2), the growth regulator (H) had three levels; control (H0), pure coconut water (H1), and Auksin sintetis (H3). The study was conducted at two locations, first at green house with rooting room KOFFCO System and second at seedbed with rooting room containment model (MS). The research at greenhouse using rooting room KOFFCO System showed that interaction of media with growth regulator had a very significant effect on the percentage of fresh cuttings and rooted cuttings and had a significant effect on the number of primary roots. The averages of percentage of fresh cuttings and rooting were 83.3% and 66.7% for M1H2 and 76% and 60% for M2H0. The M2H1 reached 2.9 number of primary roots. At the MS model, the medium factor had significantly different only the number of secondary roots (18.11). The growth regulator factors had significantly different on the percentage of rooted cutting (3.33%), root lenght (10.5 cm) and root dry weight (0.18 g).Key words: containment model, KOFFCO system, Rootone-F, zeolite.

scholarly journals First report of the fleshy mushroom Trichaleurina javanica (Rehm) M. Carbone et al. (Ascomycota: Pezizales: Chorioactidaceae) from southern India

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 18398-18402
Author(s):  
Munuswamy Kumar ◽  
Sekar Nithya ◽  
Antony Agnes Kayalvizhi
Keyword(s):  
Edible Mushrooms ◽  
Southern India ◽  
Wild Edible Mushrooms ◽  
First Report ◽  
Evergreen Forests ◽  
Coastal Belt ◽  
Yellowish Orange

Trichaleurina javanica was collected from tropical dry evergreen forests, located in the southeastern coastal belt of India. This is the first report of the species from southern India.  Trichaleurina javanica is a fleshy and rubbery cup-like mushroom, brownish-grey in colour with a brilliant yellowish-orange disc.  The identification is supported using morphological and microscopical characters.  It is one of the less known wild edible mushrooms belonging to Ascomycota.

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