scholarly journals Species in peril: assessing the status of the trade in pangolins in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 15776-15783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prayash Ghimire ◽  
Nirjala Raut ◽  
Prajna Khanal ◽  
Suman Acharya ◽  
Suraj Upadhaya
Keyword(s):  
Group Discussion ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Trade Routes ◽  
The Status ◽  
Major Route ◽  
Sustainable Conservation ◽  
Local Use ◽  
Key Informant Interview

Pangolins are among the most widely traded taxa in the southeastern Asian illegal wildlife trade because of which they are at great risk of extinction.  Yet, little is known of their trade status in Nepal.  This research was carried out to unfold the status of pangolin trade in Sankhuwasava District of Nepal.  We used mixed methods such as semi-structured questionnaire (n=75) and, focus group discussion (n=4) and key Informant Interview, (n=30) to assess the trade status.  Seizure data (2009–2017) were gathered from law enforcement agencies to predict major trade routes.  The major threat perceived was hunting especially by unemployed local youth and children.  The majority of hunters were opportunistic.  Sankhuwasava District has become both source and transit for the illegal pangolin trade rather than for local use.  The involvement of non-timber forest product traders was high in the illegal trade business, however, there seems a rapid decline in the seizure of pangolin in the last two years, mainly because of the deployment of the Nepal army in the Makalu Barun National Park, which had long served as a major route to China.  Thus, we recommend continuation of strong border security.  Our study calls for capacity building of enforcement agencies for detailed investigation of seizure data.  For sustainable conservation of pangolin and its habitat we recommend sustained conservation awareness programs in addition to alternative livelihood opportunity.  Furthermore, formation of community based anti-poaching units followed by motivation, anti-poaching trainings, security assurance, and incentives for worthy conservation outcomes in pangolin-rich communities might aid in conservation.

scholarly journals ICT and Agriculture Development A Farm Level Case of Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meera Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Knowledge Gain ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Information Need ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Status ◽  
Key Informant Interview ◽  
Agriculture Development

The main objective of this research is to assess the status of satisfaction level of ICT   use for knowledge gain and skill adoption on Agriculture Information need and its use for sustainable agriculture transformation towards derivation of market. For this purpose Dhaitar Bhanjhang  Mahadevsthan 2 Mmahadevsthan and Patlekhet-8 Kalchebesi VDC’s of  Kavrepalanchowk out of seventy seven districts is selected.  Information’s were collected from a purposive sample of 98 farmers during January 2017. Four methods were used in the process of finalizing data collection instruments. Information were collected through  four  tools face-to-face interview by using personal interview schedule, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), key-informant interview (KII) and consultation with experts from public and NGO sector extension service providers,   A sample 98 was purposively selected due to the nature of research. Likert scales were developed and used in order to measure the concerned variables. Correlation test was used to ascertain the relationships between the concerned variables. More than one third (37.3 percent) of the farmers were found to use mobile phones for receiving agricultural information, while 21.3 percent used internet facilities provided by  national and international  web media. Only 2 percent farmers were found having use of smart phone. The use of ICT is used mainly in the case of market derived vegetable production and its prices at different market. 

Assessments of Maleo Macrocephalon maleo nesting grounds in South-east Sulawesi reveal severely threatened populations

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
GRADEN Z. L. FROESE ◽  
ABDUL H. MUSTARI
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Illegal Logging ◽  
Population Declines ◽  
Grassroots Initiatives ◽  
Previous Decade ◽  
The Status ◽  
Local Use ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Central Sulawesi ◽  
Over Time

SummaryThe Maleo Macrocephalon Maleo is a megapode bird endemic to Sulawesi, Indonesia, that lays large eggs at communal nesting grounds in naturally-heated sands or soils. It is classified as ‘Endangered’ and many populations have been extirpated due to overexploitation of eggs and loss of connectivity between forest and nesting grounds. The distribution and status of nesting grounds across Northern and Central Sulawesi are relatively well-established, but almost nothing is known about potential Maleo populations of South-east Sulawesi. In this study we used previously established methods to formally assess the status of three Maleo nesting grounds in Buton, South-east Sulawesi, and interviewed egg collectors at these three sites to determine the trends of populations and threats over time. All nesting grounds were severely threatened and can be expected to be abandoned in the near future due to extensive harvest of eggs and deforestation. Eggs were collected both for the wildlife trade (intensively harvested and sold as luxury items to people from distant cities) and local use (opportunistically harvested and both eaten and sold locally). All egg collectors remarked on an increase in illegal logging around nesting grounds over the previous decade. Though the Maleo’s current situation is dire, previous case studies show that collaborative grassroots initiatives supported by government and NGOs can protect nesting grounds and reverse population declines.

scholarly journals Wild birds trade in Dera Ismael Khan and Bannu divisions of Khyber PakhtunKhwa (KPK) Province, Pakistan

2023 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hussain ◽  
A. A. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Passer Domesticus ◽  
Wild Birds ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Commercial Activity ◽  
Trade Routes ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Status ◽  
One Year ◽  
Present Case Study

Abstract Wildlife trade is a profitable economic activity. Birds are among the most heavily traded animals worldwide, with numerous species threatened by pet trade. The present case study was stretched for period of one year to find out the status of wild birds’ trade in Bannu and Dera Ismael Khan Divisions. The study was aimed to find out the types of species, commercial prices of bird, trade routes, overall income generated from birds’ trade and the status of dealers whether licensed or not. Bimonthly visits were conducted to interview 52 bird dealers/pet shops owners/venders (23 in Dera Ismael Khan and 29 in Bannu). A sum of 16 conceivable sites were visited during the study period. Out of these, 8 sites were located in Dera Ismael Khan and 8 sites in Bannu Division. The highest priced species was Demoiselle crane (Grus virgo) and the lowest priced species was house sparrow (Passer domesticus). Total number of species traded in both regions were 8 and 14 while the income generated by bird trade was amounting to PkR 1,322,200 and 7,128,950 in Dera Ismael Khan and Bannu respectively. Majority of the birds were trapped locally with the exception of few from adjacent areas. Commercial activity led by illegal bird traders was found 75% and 100% species in Dera Ismael Khan and Bannu respectively. There was no significant difference between prices of birds, number of species sold and income generated by bird trade in two divisions.

scholarly journals Survey of Cultivated Vegetable Crops in Rupandehi District, Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Chandra Bahadur Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Group Discussion ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Protective Food ◽  
The Status ◽  
Market Good ◽  
Key Informant Interview ◽  
Good Facility

Vegetable is very nutritious food and is considered to be protective food since it contains high amount of vitamins and minerals and also possesses medicinal value. In the present study, documentation of farmer’s knowledge on cultivated vegetable crops was carried out in Rupandehi district during the year 2016. The objective of this paper is to identify, enumerate and to know the status of vegetable crops in this district. It was carried out by conducting semi-structured interview with the vegetable growing farmers, local people, members of Community Based Organizations with the help of standard questionnaire, checklist, Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and key informant interview. Altogether 50 plant species have been found to be cultivated in commercial scale as vegetable crops in Rupandehi district. Out of 50 plant spp.; 2 families, 4 genera and 5 spp. were monocots; and 9 families, 30 genera and 45 spp. were dicots. It is also found that fruit (55%) is the widely used part of plant as vegetable. Other parts like leaf (21%), inflorescence (4%), root (8%), tuber (2%), corm (6%), and bulb (4%) are also used as vegetable. Most of the vegetable growing farmers (91%) are economically benefited by the cultivation and selling of vegetable than other crops due to easily available seeds, fertilizers and pesticides in market; good facility of irrigation and accessible market in the study area.

scholarly journals Camera Trapping to Assess Status and Composition of Mammal Communities in a Biodiversity Hotspot in Myanmar

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 880
Author(s):  
Giacomo Cremonesi ◽  
Francesco Bisi ◽  
Lorenzo Gaffi ◽  
Thet Zaw ◽  
Hla Naing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Disturbance ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Occupancy Models ◽  
Apex Predators ◽  
Disturbed Area ◽  
The Status ◽  
Mammal Communities

Tropical forests comprise a critically impacted habitat, and it is known that altered forests host a lower diversity of mammal communities. In this study, we investigated the mammal communities of two areas in Myanmar with similar environmental conditions but with great differences in habitat degradation and human disturbance. The main goal was to understand the status and composition of these communities in an understudied area like Myanmar at a broad scale. Using camera trap data from a three-year-long campaign and hierarchical occupancy models with a Bayesian formulation, we evaluated the biodiversity level (species richness) and different ecosystem functions (diet and body mass), as well as the occupancy values of single species as a proxy for population density. We found a lower mammal diversity in the disturbed area, with a significantly lower number of carnivores and herbivores species. Interestingly, the area did not show alteration in its functional composition. Almost all the specific roles in the community were present except for apex predators, thus suggesting that the effects of human disturbance are mainly effecting the communities highest levels. Furthermore, two species showed significantly lower occupancies in the disturbed area during all the monitoring campaigns: one with a strong pressure for bushmeat consumption and a vulnerable carnivore threatened by illegal wildlife trade.

Desert Society

2018 ◽  
pp. 69-106
Author(s):  
Clinton Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Common Descent ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The Status

Dwelling in dispersion and far from any governmental law enforcement agencies that could provide them security, nomadic desert dwellers needed ways to protect themselves from violations such as murder, assault, insult, and theft. They achieved this security mainly by forming groups based on blood kin, or people of common descent, people whom they believed would honor claims of common loyalty and cooperation when problems with others arose. Each group they organized had a specific security function. The tribal structure of the Israelites as randomly noted in the Bible bears several similarities to that of the Bedouin. This chapter explores these similarities as well as their impact on the status and roles of the genders and on the institution of matrimony in both societies.

scholarly journals POLICY STRATEGY TO MANAGE SUSTAINABILITY OF SITU (SMALL LAKE) KEDAUNG IN PAMULANG DISTRICT, SOUTH TANGERANG, BANTEN-INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agus Susanto
Keyword(s):  
City Government ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Prospective Analysis ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Small Lake ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Status ◽  
Sustainable Conservation ◽  
Index Value

South Tangerang City Government set it Situ (small lake) Kedaung as one of the conservation program, because of 9 there were 4 of which have been lost or switching functions, and 3 endangered missing, one of them is Situ Kedaung. For it is necessary to study the level of sustainable conservation to utilization Situ Kedaung. This study aims to analyze the index and status sustainability of 5 (five) dimensions of sustainability, using the data step Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS), and the results are expressed in the form of index and status of sustainability. To determine the attributes that are sensitive and affect the index and status sustainability and influence of Laverage and Montecarlo analysis. As for the scenarios increase the sustainability of the future status is a prospective analysis. The analysis showed that the ecological dimensions of sustainability are at less status (37.32), the economic dimension is the less sustainable status (26.05), the social dimension is the less sustainable status (40.28), the dimensions of the technology is fair sustainable status (57.20), and institutional dimensions are less sustainable (26.91). The results of the analysis of all the dimensions of sustainability for situ Kedaung is included in the category or status less sustainable with index value of 36.65. Of the 37 attributes that were analyzed, there were 14 attributes that need to be addressed as it is sensitive affect. Based on a prospective analysis, there are 5 critical attributes that must be managed in order to maintain sustainability. These five attributes include: water pollution, eco-tourism, conservation, community income, and local regulatory agencies, hereinafter referred to as key attributes. To improve the status of sustainability in the future (over the medium and long term), there are three scenarios : (1) Conservative-Pessimistic (survive the conditions that exist while holding make shift repairs), (2) moderate- Optimistic (make improvements but not optimal) and (3) Progressive- Optimistic (make comprehensive and integrated improvements).

scholarly journals Current problems of outlining the list of law enforcement agencies of Ukraine: theoretical and legal principles and significance for law-enforcement practice (on the example of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Ivantsov
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
The Status ◽  
Basic Functions ◽  
Legal Position ◽  
State Body

It is emphasized that the current legislation uses the terms "law enforcement agency", "law enforcement officer", which is directly correlated with law enforcement activities, which in turn indicates the unconditional relevance of the current study. This article analyzes the current legislation in order to separate law enforcement agencies from other government agencies, in order to assign certain positions of government agencies to law enforcement officers. As a result, the imperfections of the definitions of Ukrainian legislation for unambiguous identification of both law enforcement activities and the list of law enforcement agencies have been established. Theoretical and legal bases for establishing the affiliation of a state body to the list of law enforcement agencies in terms of practical implementation of current regulations are obtained by assessing the status of the Civil Service of Ukraine for Emergencies, namely: the assignment of a body to law enforcement should be carried out separately , taking into account the legal position (status) of such body defined in normative legal acts; if the endowment of a certain entity with the status of a law enforcement body has not occurred normatively, it is necessary to proceed from the analysis of the purpose (tasks) and basic functions assigned to a particular body and, accordingly, the powers vested in such a body It has been proved that SES bodies do not belong to law enforcement bodies, as they belong to the unified state system of civil protection (SES bodies are not assigned law enforcement tasks and / or functions; they are not endowed with law enforcement powers), and their officials cannot be recognized as law enforcement officers. body. It is emphasized that the legal approach proposed by the author to establish the affiliation of a state body to the list of "law enforcement agencies" may be fully applicable to other subjects of power, which in the future will provide an opportunity to outline the comprehensive range of law enforcement agencies in Ukraine.

scholarly journals INFLUENTIAL MARKETING STRATEGIES ADOPTED BY THE CEMENT INDUSTRIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 155-173
Author(s):  
Anjay Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Group Discussion ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Credit Period ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Mind State ◽  
Awareness Tool ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Key Informant Interview

The study is focused to encounter the marketing strategies adopted by cement industries and suppliers. The study is conducted at Madhyapur Thimi Municipality among different level of consumer i.e house owner, supplier, contractor/mason and consultant/engineer. Out of 871 permitted under construction building of fiscal year 2016/17, 89 end consumers and 30 suppliers were selected for questionnaire survey with two different set of questionnaire. Key informant interview was conducted for in depth information while focus group discussion was done to understand influencing strategies. Bonus coupon and credit period was found to be brand promotional tools among 36.67% and 23.33% of the suppliers respectively whereas 50% of the end consumers get attracted through credit period. Credit period is the most influential marketing strategy while advertisement being the brand awareness tool to the consumer to set their brand in ‘Top of Mind’ state.

scholarly journals Fishing Crafts and Gears in Buug, Dumanquillas Bay, Philippines

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Bryan L. Bitantos ◽  
Lovena Grace Amor T. Dela Cruz ◽  
Jay Pril M. Natuil ◽  
Wellmor John R. Sabado
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Marine Resources ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Illegal Fishing ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Fish Catch ◽  
Key Informant Interview ◽  
Fishing Practices

Dumanquillas Bay is a body of saltwater and the major source of food located in the Southern Mindanao. It has been observed that marine resources and fish catch in the area are declining. This study assumed that fishing practices affect the decline of marine and fish catch in the bay. A study on the documentation of fishing practices in the area is reported here. Key informant interview (KII), focus group discussion, direct observation and document archival were used. Twenty-three (23) fishing practices were observed in the area. Based on R.A. 10654 or the Philippine Fisheries Code, five (5) fishing practices were identified in the bay which are illegal. These are “pahulbot sa lalum”, “pahulbot sa mabaw”, “panubli”, “panguryente” and “troll” that destroys sea grasses, coral reefs and the sea beds. The illegal fishing practices identified poses a threat to the marine resources. It implies weak implementation of fishing policies among the LGU’s and other concerned government institutions and NGA’s. Capacity building, CEPA campaign and committed implementation of the Philippine Fisheries Code (R.A. 10654) should be implemented by the PAMB and stakeholders in the community to manage the remaining coastal marine resources thereby uplifting the socio-economic status of the coastal community and achieve sustainability.

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