Abstract P201: Insomnia Symptoms Associated With Cardiometabolic Risk Factors

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A Grandner ◽  
Pinyo Rattanaumpawan ◽  
Michael L Perlis ◽  
Philip R Gehrman ◽  
Nicholas J Jackson ◽  
...  

Introduction: Insomnia is a highly prevalent sleep disorder known to independently affect the onset, course, and response to treatment for a number of psychiatric disorders. In particular, insomnia is associated with neuroendocrine stress system changes. Less is known about medical risks, though recent evidence implicates insomnia in hypertension, metabolic dysregulation, and inflammation. We hypothesized that insomnia is positively associated with hypertension and objectively-assessed risk factors. Methods: Data from the 2007-2008 NHANES (N=4,072) examined which risk factors were associated with insomnia symptoms and previous insomnia diagnosis. In addition to previous diagnosis, insomnia symptoms were sleep latency (mins), difficulty falling asleep, difficulty resuming sleep upon awakening, and early morning awakening. The latter three were coded as never, rarely, sometimes, often or almost always. Cardiometabolic risk factors included hypertension history, systolic and diastolic BP, pulse, and fasting triglycerides, cholesterol, insulin, glucose, HbA1c, and c-reactive protein (CRP). Weighted regression models explored relationships adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, income, education, marital status, BMI, diet, exercise, and smoking. Results: Overall, a pattern emerged, such that all insomnia variables were associated with increased risk of hypertension. Further, diastolic BP, triglycerides, and HbA1c were all positively associated with several insomnia variables. Other risk factors (e.g., cholesterol, glucose, CRP) were only associated with one of the insomnia variables. See Table for specific results. Conclusion: Symptoms of insomnia were associated with hypertension and a number of objectively-assessed cardiometabolic risk factors, including some in domains not previously explored relative to insomnia (e.g., lipids, HbA1c). Future prospective studies will be needed to ascertain whether pre-existing insomnia is a risk factor for the onset of cardiometabolic dysfunction. Associations between insomnia variables and cardiometabolic risk factors Variable β SE Previous Insomnia Diagnosis Hypertension (OR) Systolic BP Diastolic BP Pulse Triglycerides (log) Cholesterol Insulin (log) Glucose (log) HbA1c (log) CRP (log) ** 3.027 1.888 0.036 0.502 0.993 1.504 1.001 0.973 *** 0.966 1.000 1.067 2.315 1.515 1.182 0.102 6.561 0.111 0.022 0.009 0.173 Sleep Latency (Minutes) Hypertension (OR) Systolic BP Diastolic BP Pulse Triglycerides (log) Cholesterol Insulin (log) Glucose (log) HbA1c (log) CRP (log) *** 1.008 0.011 † 0.019 * 0.029 * 1.001 * 0.093 1.001 1.000 1.000 * 1.003 0.002 0.015 0.011 0.012 0.001 0.042 0.001 0.0002 0.0001 0.001 Difficulty Falling Asleep (“Almost Always” vs “Never”) Hypertension (OR) Systolic BP Diastolic BP Pulse Triglycerides (log) Cholesterol Insulin (log) Glucose (log) HbA1c (log) CRP (log) * 2.076 † 2.111 *** 2.804 † 1.585 ** 1.115 4.426 1.054 * 0.969 * 0.987 1.107 0.394 1.168 0.841 0.935 0.043 3.400 0.079 0.015 0.006 0.088 Difficulty Resuming Sleep (“Almost Always” vs “Never”) Hypertension (OR) Systolic BP Diastolic BP Pulse Triglycerides (log) Cholesterol Insulin (log) Glucose (log) HbA1c (log) CRP (log) *** 2.132 0.877 *** 3.830 1.029 * 1.098 3.779 1.028 0.990 ** 0.979 1.074 0.417 1.148 0.796 0.987 0.044 3.310 0.075 0.015 0.008 0.089 Early Morning Awakening (“Almost Always” vs “Never”) Hypertension (OR) Systolic BP Diastolic BP Pulse Triglycerides (log) Cholesterol Insulin (log) Glucose (log) HbA1c (log) CRP (log) ** 1.817 1.645 * 2.205 0.252 0.996 0.030 0.995 0.974 0.988 1.039 0.361 1.256 0.928 1.058 0.040 3.460 0.085 0.016 0.009 0.091 † p<0.10; * p<0.05; ** p<0.01; *** p<0.001

Circulation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
James Keeton ◽  
Stephen J Eason ◽  
Merlyn Sayers ◽  
Colby Ayers ◽  
Maria O Gore

Objective: Cardiometabolic risk factors have been extensively studied in adults, but to a lesser extent in adolescents. We assessed potential cardiometabolic risk factors in a large cohort of adolescent blood donors. Methods: Glycated hemoglobin (HbA 1c ), blood pressure (BP), and total cholesterol were measured in 10,756 blood donors aged 16-19 years at school blood drives conducted by Carter BloodCare, a large North Texas blood center. Borderline values were defined as HbA 1c 5.7-6.4%, BP (systolic/diastolic) 120-139/80-89 mm Hg, and total cholesterol 170-199 mg/dL. Elevated values were defined as HbA 1c ≥6.5%, BP ≥140/90, and total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dL. Subjects were classified into one of three subcohorts: (A) no borderline or elevated values (“healthy” subcohort); (B) one borderline value; (C) either two borderline values or one elevated value. The subcohorts were further stratified as shown in the Table. Results: Of the 10,756 blood donors, 35.2% had one borderline cardiometabolic risk factor, and 17.9% had either two borderline or one elevated risk factor. There were more girls than boys in the “healthy” subcohort (p<0.0001). Girls had a higher prevalence of borderline or elevated total cholesterol (p<0.0001), whereas boys had higher prevalence of borderline or elevated BP (p<0.0001). Other differences between subcohorts are summarized in the Table. Conclusion: More than half of adolescents in this study had at least one cardiometabolic risk factor that was either borderline or elevated. Blood donation programs can serve as highly efficient and cost-effective gateways for cardiometabolic risk screening in adolescents, with potential for the development of targeted interventions aimed at promoting healthy behaviors early in life, specifically among those at increased risk.


Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anshul Saxena ◽  
Muni Rubens ◽  
Venkataraghavan Ramamoorthy ◽  
Sankalp Das ◽  
Chintan B Bhatt ◽  
...  

Introduction: Cardiometabolic syndrome consists of a cluster of metabolic dysfunctions such as impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, central adiposity, and hypertension. According to the latest estimates, globally, nearly 25% of all adults have cardiometabolic syndrome. Both cardiometabolic syndrome and cancer pathophysiology commonly involve inflammation and oxidative stress. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate existing evidences that support the association between cardiometabolic syndrome and risk of developing cancer. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Scopus for relevant articles published from the database inception until October 2019. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for this review. Using the Oxford Center for Evidence-Based Medicine guidelines individual studies were evaluated. A total of 59 articles were included in this study. Results: Our review showed that cardiometabolic syndrome was associated with increased risk for colorectal, hepatic, endometrial, breast, and bladder cancers. These associations showed variations for sex and geographical locations. For example, the associations were stronger for pancreatic and rectal cancers among women. The strength of these associations was also stronger for sex specific cancers such as breast and endometrial cancers. Studies on European populations showed that these associations were stronger for colorectal cancer among women. However, one study showed that presence of cardiometabolic syndrome contributed protective effects to prostate cancer among American men. In general, strongest associations were found for colorectal cancer among both men and women and hepatic cancer among men. Among cardiometabolic factors, impaired glucose tolerance and central adiposity were the greatest contributors towards increased risk for cancers. Conclusion: Given these results, there should be greater focus on primary prevention to identify and treat cardiometabolic risk factors. In addition, patients with greater cardiometabolic risk factors should be screened earlier and more frequently for cancers. A number of gender and geographical gaps identified in this review could be targeted for improvements as per the goals of 2030 sustainable development initiatives. Future studies should consider cardiometabolic syndrome and cancer together and develop effective interventions for decreasing the incidence and morbidity associated with both the conditions.


2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi Chen ◽  
Yi Chen ◽  
Pan Weng ◽  
Fangzhen Xia ◽  
Qin Li ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Low circulating vitamin D levels have been associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome (MS) and cardiometabolic risk factors in multiple epidemiology studies. However, whether this association is causal is still unclear. We aimed to test whether genetically lowered vitamin D levels were associated with MS and its metabolic traits, using mendelian randomization (MR) methodology. Methods Ten thousand six hundred fifty-five participants were enrolled from the SPECT-China study, which was performed in 23 sites in East China during 2014 to 2016. Using four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the DHCR7, CYP2R1, GC and CYP24A1 genes with known effects on 25(OH) D concentrations, we created a genetic risk score (GRS) as instrumental variable (IV) to estimate the effect of genetically lowered 25(OH) D on MS and cardiometabolic risk factors. MS was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Results Lower measured 25(OH)D levels were associated with MS (OR 0.921, 95% CI 0.888, 0.954) after multivariable adjustment. However, the MR-derived odds ratio of genetically determined 25(OH) D for risk of MS was 0.977 (95% CI 0.966, 1.030). The MR-derived estimates for raised fasting plasma glucose was 0.578 (95% CI 0.321, 0.980) per 10 nmol/L GRSsynthesis determined increase of 25(OH) D levels. Conclusions We found no evidence that genetically determined reduction in 25(OH)D conferred an increased risk of MS and its metabolic traits. However, we created our GRS only on the basis of common variants, which represent limited amount of variance in 25(OH)D. MR studies using rare variants, and large-scale well-designed RCTs about the effect of vitamin D supplementation on MS are warranted to further validate the findings.


2015 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerda K. Pot ◽  
Rebecca Hardy ◽  
Alison M. Stephen

AbstractIrregularity in eating patterns could be a potential cardiometabolic risk factor. We aimed to study the associations of irregular intake of energy at meals in relation to cardiometabolic risk factors 10 and 17 years later. Variability of energy intake data – derived from 5-d estimated diet diaries of cohort members of the National Survey for Health and Development collected at ages 36 (n1416), 43 (n1505) and 53 years (n1381) – was used as a measure for irregularity. Associations between meal irregularity scores with cardiometabolic risk factors measured 10 and 17 years later were investigated using linear mixed models and logistic regression models. The results showed that irregularity scores changed significantly over the years (P<0·05). At age 36 years, subjects with a more irregular intake of energy at lunch (OR 1·42; 95 % CI 1·05, 1·91) and between meals (OR 1·35; 95 % CI 1·01, 1·82) had an increased risk for the metabolic syndrome 17 years later; at lunch was also associated with an increased waist circumference (OR 1·58; 95 % 1·27, 1·96) and TAG levels (OR 1·33; 95 % CI 1·02, 1·72). At age 43 years, subjects with a more irregular intake at breakfast had an increased risk of the metabolic syndrome 10 years later (OR 1·53; 95 % CI 1·15, 2·04), as well as an increased BMI (OR 1·66; 95 % CI 1·31, 2·10), waist circumference (OR 1·53; 95 % CI 1·23, 1·90) and diastolic blood pressure (OR 1·42; 95 % CI 1·13, 1·78). In conclusion, subjects with a more irregular intake of energy, mostly at breakfast and lunch, appeared to have an increased cardiometabolic risk 10 and 17 years later.


Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1786
Author(s):  
Yunkyung Kim ◽  
Geun-Tae Kim ◽  
Jihun Kang

Background: The present study aimed to evaluate the association between FM and cardiometabolic risk factors and carotid arterial stiffness in FM patients. Methods: The cardiometabolic risk profile was defined based on the Adult Treatment Panel III panel. Carotid intimal media thickness (cIMT) and arterial stiffness were assessed using high-resolution ultrasonography. Multivariate logistic analysis was performed to estimate the association between FM and cardiometabolic risk factors. We used a general linear regression to compare the cIMT and carotid beta-index between the participants with and without FM. Pearson’s coefficient was calculated to evaluate the potential correlation between cardiometabolic risk profiles, cIMT, and arterial stiffening in FM. Results: FM participants showed a higher risk of central obesity (odds ratio [OR] = 3.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.49, 6.91), high triglyceride (OR = 4.73, 95% CI 2.29, 9.79), and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (OR = 4.27, 95% CI 2.07, 8.81) compared to the control group. The FM group exhibited higher beta-index values than the control group (p = 0.003). Although IFG and triglyceride glucose index showed a tendency to correlate with the beta-index, statistical significance was not observed. Conclusions: FM was associated with an increased risk of central obesity, high triglyceride levels, and IFG. Furthermore, advanced arterial stiffness of the carotid artery was observed in FM, which might be correlated with insulin resistance.


Author(s):  
Benjamin J Gray ◽  
Christie Craddock ◽  
Zoe Couzens ◽  
Evie Bain ◽  
Gareth J Dunseath ◽  
...  

Abstract Background The health of people in prisons is a public health issue. It is well known that those in prison experience poorer health outcomes than those in the general community. One such example is the burden of non-communicable diseases, more specifically cardiovascular disease (CVD), stroke and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). However, there is limited evidence research on the extent of cardiometabolic risk factors in the prison environment in Wales, the wider UK or globally. Methods Risk assessments were performed on a representative sample of 299 men at HMP Parc, Bridgend. The risk assessments were 30 min in duration and men aged 25–84 years old and free from pre-existing CVD and T2DM were eligible. During the risk assessment, a number of demographic, anthropometric and clinical markers were obtained. The 10-year risk of CVD and T2DM was predicted using the QRISK2 algorithm and Diabetes UK Risk Score, respectively. Results The majority of the men was found to be either overweight (43.5%) or obese (37.5%) and/or demonstrated evidence of central obesity (40.1%). Cardiometabolic risk factors including systolic hypertension (25.1%), high cholesterol (29.8%), low HDL cholesterol (56.2%) and elevated total cholesterol: HDL ratios (23.1%) were observed in a considerable number of men. Ultimately, 15.4% were calculated at increased risk of CVD, and 31.8% predicted at moderate or high risk of T2DM. Conclusions Overall, a substantial prevalence of previously undiagnosed cardiometabolic risk factors was observed and men in prison are at elevated risk of cardiometabolic disease at a younger age than current screening guidelines.


2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Kempf ◽  
Stephan Martin ◽  
Carmen Döhring ◽  
Klaus Dugi ◽  
Carolin Wolfram von Wolmar ◽  
...  

Objective.Obesity-dependent diseases cause economic burden to companies. Large-scale data for working populations are lacking. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in the Boehringer Ingelheim (BI) Employee cohort and the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and cardiometabolic risk factors and diseases were estimated.Design and Methods.Employees (≥38 years, employed in Ingelheim ≥2 years;n=3151) of BI Pharma GmbH & Co. KG were invited by the medical corporate department to participate in intensive health checkups. Cross-sectional analysis of baseline data collected through 2006–2011 was performed.Results.90% of eligible subjects participated (n=2849). Prevalences of overweight and obesity were 40% and 18% and significantly higher in men and participants ≥50 years. Cardiometabolic risk factor levels and prevalences of cardiometabolic diseases significantly increased with BMI and were higher in overweight and obese participants. Cut-points for increased risk estimated from ROC curves were≈25 kg/m2for hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, arteriosclerosis, and hypertriglyceridemia and 26.7–28.0 kg/m2for the metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, increased intima media thickness, and type 2 diabetes.Conclusion.This is the first large-scale occupational health care cohort from a single company. Cardiometabolic risk factors and diseases accumulate with increasing BMI. Occupational weight reduction programs seem to be reasonable strategies.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Vanes Ebasone ◽  
Nasheeta Peer ◽  
Anastase Dzudie ◽  
Andre Pascal Kengne

Abstract Background People living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) are at increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases attributable to the effects of the virus, antiretroviral therapy (ART) and traditional risk factors found in the general population. Most studies have focused on assessing the effect of ART on cardiometabolic disease in PLHIV with fewer studies assessing the cardiometabolic risk profile prior to any exposure to ART. Therefore, this protocol is for a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the global prevalence of selected cardiometabolic risk factors in ART-naïve PLHIV and their association with HIV specific factors. Methods We shall conduct a systematic search of published literature for observational studies on the prevalence of obesity, hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidaemia (high Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, high Total Cholesterol, high Triglyceride, low High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol) in ART-naïve PLHIV and their association with HIV specific characteristics. We will search PubMed-MEDLINE, CINAHL, SCOPUS, Academic Search Premier, Africa-Wide Information and Africa Journals Online databases to identify relevant studies published before March 2021. Two authors will independently screen, select studies, extract data and conduct risk of bias assessments. Disagreements between the two authors will be resolved by consensus or consulting a third reviewer. Data consistently reported across studies will be pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. Heterogeneity will be evaluated using Cochrane’s Q statistic and quantified using I2 statistics. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 guidelines are used for the reporting of this systematic review protocol. Discussion This review will help determine the burden of selected cardiometabolic diseases in ART-naïve HIV-infected populations and the contribution of HIV infection, independent of ART, to cardiometabolic diseases in PLHIV. It will provide new information that can help orientate future research and potentially guide healthcare policy making. This is part of a thesis that will be submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, for the award of a PhD in Medicine with protocol ethical clearance number (UCT HREC 350/2021). Registration PROSPERO: CRD42021226001


Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ron C Li ◽  
Parasuram Krishnamoorthy ◽  
YiDing Yu ◽  
Jules Antigua ◽  
Anna Raper ◽  
...  

Introduction: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We have previously shown that psoriasis is associated with atherogenic lipoprotein particle concentration and size. However, it is unknown whether this association is independent of traditional CVD risk factors or insulin resistance (IR). Methods: We prospectively enrolled a consecutive sample of patients with psoriasis (n=122) and compared cardiometabolic risk factors with an asymptomatic sample without psoriasis from our practice (n=129). Fasting lipids, insulin, glucose were measured by standard assays, and lipoprotein concentration and size were measured by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) (LipoScience, North Carolina). HOMA-IR, an estimation of IR, was calculated by standard methods. Multivariable linear regression for adjusted models was performed using STATA12 software. Results: LDL-C and HDL-C were lower in psoriasis compared to controls [106.9 mg/dL (90-132.5) vs 128 (110.2-145.6), p<0.01 and 43 mg/dL (36-58) vs 50 (42-62), p<0.01] with no difference in triglycerides. However, NMR showed an atherogenic profile in psoriasis similar to that observed in diabetes, with significant increase in LDL [1210.5 (1002-1498) vs 1115 (935-1291), p=0.03] particle concentration with a concomitant decrease in LDL size [20.6 (20.3-21.1) vs 21.3 (20.6-21.1), p<0.001] even after adjusting for obesity, tobacco use, hypertension, lipids, and HOMA-IR (p=0.001). An increase in VLDL particle concentration was also seen before [61.9 (38.3-95.3) vs 53.4 (30.4-84.5), p=0.05] and after adjusting for cardiometabolic risk factors (p=0.018). Conclusions: Despite normal lipids, we demonstrate a more atherogenic lipoprotein profile by NMR in psoriasis compared to healthy controls after adjustment for CVD risk factors and IR. These findings suggest that traditional risk factor analysis and lipid testing may not ideally capture the increased CVD risk observed in psoriasis.


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