Abstract MP40: U-shaped Association Of Altitude With Prevalence Of Hypertension Among Tibetan Residents

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Changwei Li ◽  
Ruiyuan Zhang ◽  
Luqi Shen ◽  
Sangzhu Laba
Keyword(s):  
Turning Point ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Adherence Rate ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Lower Education Level ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Study Physician

Background: Tibet has a disproportionately higher prevalence of hypertension, compared to other regions of China. This may be related to long-term exposure to the high altitude. The aim of our study is to evaluate associations of altitudes with prevalence of hypertension among residents aged 15 years and older in Tibet, China. Method: A total of 11,407 Tibet residents in the 5 th National Health Services Survey (NHSS) in 2013-2015 were included in this study. Physician diagnosed hypertension was determined based on self-report. County level altitude was identified and assigned to all residents in a county. Association between altitude and hypertension prevalence was assessed by two logistic regression models: model 1 adjusted for age and gender, and model 2 additionally adjusted for marital status, education, smoking, drinking, exercise, distance to a medical institute, area of residency, and body mass index (BMI). Non-linear relationship between altitude and prevalence of hypertension was explored by restricted cubic spline analyses. Sensitivity analysis were performed by restricting residents in rural and/or nomadic areas. Result: The prevalence of self-reported hypertension is 15.7%, the medication adherence rate is 14%, and the control rate is 10.3%. Compared to residents without physician diagnosed hypertension, those with hypertension were closer to a hospital, older, having lower education level, and less likely to be a smoker or live in an urban area. Altitude showed a U shape relationship with the prevalence of hypertension with a turning point at around 3,800 meters. For residents living more than 3,800 meters above sea level, a 1,000 meters increase in altitude was associated with 2.05 (95% confidence interval: 1.62-2.61) times higher odds of having physician diagnosed hypertension, after adjusting for age and gender. When further controlling for all covariates, the OR dropped to 1.87 (1.46-2.41) but still significant. For residents living below the altitude of 3,800 meters, 1000 meters’ increase was associated 0.55 (95% CI: 0.33-0.92) less likelihood of having physician diagnosed hypertension. Conclusion: The burden of self-reported hypertension was high among Tibet residents. Altitude was in a U-shaped association with the prevalence of hypertension with a turning point at around 3,800 meters.

Feasibility Design of 4G-LTE Cell Sites in an Academic Community

2015 ◽  
Vol 781 ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
Sophonwit Somchai ◽  
Jirun Potinakkha ◽  
Nararat Ruangchaijatupon ◽  
V. Prasertchareonsuk ◽  
M. Leeprakobboon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Feasibility Analysis ◽  
Telecommunication System ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Term Evolution ◽  
Khon Kaen ◽  
And Gender ◽  
4G Lte

This paper shows the feasibility analysis of the 4th generation (4G) telecommunication system on 800-900 MHz spectrum. It applies the Long-Term Evolution (LTE) wireless communication and makes a feasibility design of cell site placement. An academic community is selected as a studied site because the high usage of advanced communication technologies. Due to the variety of population density, age, and gender, Khon Kaen University is chosen. This paper also suggests the model for cell site installation and cell site positions in Khon Kaen University area.

Aging, health expenditure, proximity to death, and income in Finland

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
UNTO HÄKKINEN ◽  
PEKKA MARTIKAINEN ◽  
ANJA NORO ◽  
ELINA NIHTILÄ ◽  
MIKKO PELTOLA
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Health Care Expenditure ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Proximity To Death ◽  
Naive Model

AbstractThis study revisits the debate on the ‘red herring’, i.e. the claim that population aging will not have a significant impact on health care expenditure (HCE), using a Finnish data set. We decompose HCE into several components and include both survivors and deceased individuals into the analyses. We also compare the predictions of health expenditure based on a model that takes into account the proximity to death with the predictions of a naïve model, which includes only age and gender and their interactions. We extend our analysis to include income as an explanatory variable. According to our results, total expenditure on health care and care of elderly people increases with age but the relationship is not as clear as is usually assumed when a naïve model is used in health expenditure projections. Among individuals not in long-term care, we found a clear positive relationship between expenditure and age only for health centre and psychiatric inpatient care. In somatic care and prescribed drugs, the expenditure clearly decreased with age among deceased individuals. Our results emphasize that even in the future, health care expenditure might be driven more by changes in the propensity to move into long-term care and medical technology than age and gender alone, as often claimed in public discussion. We do not find any strong positive associations between income and expenditure for most non-LTC categories of health care utilization. Income was positively related to expenditure on prescribed medicines, in which cost-sharing between the state and the individual is relatively high. Overall, our results indicate that the future expenditure is more likely to be determined by health policy actions than inevitable trends in the demographic composition of the population.

Prevalence of Colorectal Carcinoma With Respect to Age and Gender

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3198-3199
Author(s):  
Pervez Muhammad ◽  
Sajjad Muhammad ◽  
Muhammad Tariq ◽  
Amir Khan ◽  
Akhtar Munir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Carcinoma ◽  
Colorectal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Gender Study ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender

Aim: Prevalence of colorectal carcinoma with respect to age and gender Study design: Observational / cross sectional study. Place and duration of study: This study was conducted at the Department of Pathology and Surgery, Post Graduate Medical Institute Lahore and Jinnah Medical College Peshawar from July, 2013 to February, 2015 Methodology: Surgical specimens of 60 histopathologically diagnosed cases of colorectal adenocarcinoma were included in this study. Age and sex were evaluated in CRC. Results: The mean±sd of age was 54.4±19.7 yrs. Out of 60 cases, 6 (10%) were between 16-29 yrs, 9 (15%) cases were between 30-49 yrs, 34 cases (56.7%) were of 50-69 yrs and 11 cases (18.33%) were of 70 yrs. Out of sixty cases, males were 33 (55%) and females were 27(45%). Conclusion: There are 34 out of 60(56.7%) patients were 50-69 years and 33 out of 60 (55%) cases were males i.e. males dominance. Keywords: Colorectal adenocarcinoma, immunohistochemistry, gender

scholarly journals Poverty, old age and gender in nineteenth-century England: the case of Hertfordshire

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
NIGEL GOOSE
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Male ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Local Sources ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
And Gender

This article examines the relative incidence of poverty among the elderly in nineteenth-century Hertfordshire with special reference to gender. Both national and local sources are employed to highlight the particular difficulties experienced by the elderly, male poor under the New Poor Law, and the short and long term problems they faced as a result of seasonal unemployment and an overstocked labour market. For elderly women, the extent to which their poverty was relieved by employment in cottage industry, almshouse accommodation, the continuing receipt of out-relief and a higher incidence of family support are examined to provide an assessment of the manner in which poverty was gendered in the nineteenth century.

scholarly journals Gender dimorphism in body composition abnormalities in acromegaly: males are more affected than females

2008 ◽  
Vol 159 (6) ◽  
pp. 773-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Sucunza ◽  
M J Barahona ◽  
E Resmini ◽  
J M Fernández-Real ◽  
J Farrerons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Total Mass ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Gender Dimorphism ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Design And Methods

BackgroundAcromegaly changes body composition (BC), but long-term gender differences have not been reported.ObjectiveTo evaluate BC in active and controlled acromegalic patients.Design and methodsClinical and biochemical variables and BC (by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) were evaluated in 60 acromegalic patients (19 active, 41 controlled) and 105 controls, matched for age and gender.ResultsAcromegalic males (n=24) had more total mass (89±13 vs 76.5±15.3 kg, P<0.001), lean body mass (LBM; 64.6±8.7 vs 56.4±5.8 kg, P<0.001), and bone mineral content (BMC; 2.9±0.5 vs 2.6±0.3 kg, P<0.05) than controls (n=33). Controlled male patients (n=14) had more total mass (89±14.7 vs 76.5±15.3 kg, P<0.05) and a trend to have more LBM (61.8±9.4 vs 56.4±5.8 kg, P=0.065) than controls. Only in active disease was a decrease in fat mass (FM) observed, compared with controlled patients and controls (males: 19.5±5.3 vs 27±6.2 and 25.9±4%, P<0.001; females: 30.3±6.7 vs 37.1±5.8 and 36.5±6.6%, P<0.01). In females, no further differences were observed. No differences in BMC were found between eugonadal and hypogonadal acromegalic patients, but in hypogonadal females, acromegaly appeared to prevent the BMC loss seen in hypogonadal postmenopausal controls. GH and IGF1 levels were negatively correlated with FM (males, P<0.05; females, P<0.001), but in the regression analysis GH was a predictor of FM only in women.ConclusionsControl of acromegaly reverts decreased FM in both genders; only in males more total mass and a trend for more LBM persist. The anabolic effect of GH on bone reverted in cured males, but persisted in females and appeared to override the bone loss of menopause.

TIME COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING

2001 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa I. Shireman ◽  
Joel Tsevat ◽  
Sue J. Goldie
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Time Of Arrival ◽  
Hourly Wage ◽  
Waiting Room ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Time Costs ◽  
And Gender

Objectives: Time costs borne by women when undergoing cervical cancer screening have rarely been elucidated, although such costs may pose substantial barriers to care. The purpose of this project was to quantify the opportunity costs associated with cervical cancer screening in young women attending Planned Parenthood Clinics.Methods: We conducted a self-report survey of 105 women from six clinics to measure travel, waiting, and exam times associated with cervical cancer screening. Respondents recorded their time of arrival and departure, length of time in the waiting room, age, income level, and hours per week they worked outside of the home. Time costs were valued three ways: through self-reported hourly wage, age- and gender-adjusted minimum earnings, and national age- and gender-adjusted hourly wages.Results: Respondents were on average 24 years old, worked 29 hours per week outside the home, and earned less than $20,000 per year. Mean time for one-way travel was 18.7 minutes; waiting room time was 16.9 minutes; and exam time was 50.8 minutes. Time costs were estimated to be $14.08 per visit based upon the self-reported hourly wage; $16.46 per visit based upon age- and gender-adjusted minimum earnings; and $19.63 per visit based upon age- and gender-adjusted national wage rates.Conclusions: Time costs associated with cervical cancer screening represent an important opportunity cost and should be considered in studies attempting to identify barriers to screening adherence. Our results indicate that time costs accounted for up to 25% of cervical cancer screening costs. Time costs should be identified, measured, valued, and included in cost-effectiveness analyses of cervical cancer screening.

scholarly journals 1076 Effects of age and gender on right ventricular structure and function: a turning point at age fifty

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A201
Author(s):  
Mark J Goldman ◽  
Dipti Gupta ◽  
Suzanne White ◽  
William Schapiro ◽  
Nora Ngai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Ventricular Structure ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals The Impact of Children’s Long-Term Participation in STEM Clubs on Their Attitudes towards STEM Subjects

2019 ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
Cem Kagar ◽  
Teslime Kagar
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
After School ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Children’S Perspectives ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact ◽  
School Club

In this report, we investigated the impact of after-school STEM clubs on children’s attitudes to STEM-related subjects. 236 children aged 8-12 took part in this study. For the purpose of this study, a quantitative research method was adopted where a survey prior to the STEM activities and at the end of 30 weeks of the after-school club have been used to make sense of children’s perspectives on STEM-related subjects. The study also explored whether the age and gender of the children would influence their attitudes towards these subjects.Keywords: STEM, Engineering, Cross-curricular, Computer Science, Primary education

scholarly journals Internal Fixation, A Reconstructive Spine Surgery: A Remedy of Long-Term Spinal Problems

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Md Aminul Islam ◽  
Md Abdul Hye Manik ◽  
Rukun Uddin Chowdhury ◽  
Md Al Amin Salek ◽  
Amir Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Fixation ◽  
Spinal Fusion ◽  
Spinal Surgery ◽  
Spinal Instrumentation ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Fusion Surgery ◽  
Excellent Outcome ◽  
Spinal Fusion Surgery ◽  
And Gender

Background: Spinal instrumentation provides a stable, rigid column that encourages bones to fuse after spinal fusion surgery. Methods: The study was carried out in the Neurosurgery Center, CMH, Dhaka, from 01 January 2013 to July 31 2018. A total of 95 patients were included with unrestricted age and gender, underwent spinal surgery with fixation. Result: Better outcome was observed in spinal surgery with stabilization. Conclusion: Whereas early (within hours) or immediate (within 48 h) stabilization and indirect or direct decompression has excellent outcome, even delayed stabilization of the unstable spine has benefits. Bang. J Neurosurgery 2019; 9(1): 11-15

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