Abstract MP39: Metabolic And Gene Expression Profiling Reveal Disparities In Absorption And Metabolism Of Butyrate And Lysine In The Colon Of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rodents

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J Martyniuk ◽  
Tao Yang ◽  
Leah Reznikov ◽  
Timothy Garrett ◽  
Bina Joe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Ussing Chamber ◽  
Amino Acid Transporters ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Global Metabolomics ◽  
Colonic Transport

Introduction: Metabolic dysregulation and gut dysbiosis are linked to hypertension. The proximal colon is the main site of metabolism and absorption of short chain fatty acid butyrate. Reduced circulating butyrate concurrently with elevated fecal levels have been reported in human and rodent hypertension. We tested the hypothesis that both the transport and metabolism of butyrate as well as the overall metabolic profile are dysregulated in the colon of the Spontaneously Hypertensive rats (SHR) compared to the Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats. Methods: Proximal colons from adult male WKY and SHR were placed in oxygenated warmed Ussing chamber buffer containing dextrose, and physiologically relevant concentration of butyrate (40mM) was applied to the luminal side of the colon. Following 1hr incubation, butyrate levels from the luminal and basolateral sides of the Ussing chamber were measured with high performance liquid chromatography to establish butyrate colonic transport and metabolism. Global metabolomics was performed in Ussing chamber media and in the plasma of WKY and SHR to determine the overall metabolic profile. RNA-seq data in the gut epithelium of WKY and SHR was used to elucidate putative signaling pathways altered in rodent hypertension. Results: Both the colonic transport and metabolism of butyrate were significantly impaired in the SHR. In addition, global metabolomics identified reduced levels of essential amino acid L-lysine, among other metabolites, on the basolateral side of the Ussing chamber and in the plasma of the SHR compared to WKY. Enriched metabolite pathways disrupted in the SHR included lysine degradation. RNA-seq revealed differential expression of several fatty acid and amino acid transporters in the colonic epithelium of the SHR. Conclusion: Colonic transport and metabolism of butyrate are reduced in the SHR, accompanied by dysregulation in the metabolism of the essential amino acid lysine in the gut. This, coupled with reduced expression levels of several fatty acid and amino acid transporters in the gut, suggest aberrant host-microbiota communication and colonic metabolic dysfunction in the context of hypertension.

scholarly journals Amino Acid and Fatty Acid Compositions of Sea Cucumber Stichopus Vastus from Salemo Island Waters, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Abdullah Rasyid
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Essential Amino Acid Content

Coastal waters of Indonesia have considerable biodiversity of sea cucumbers. In the present study the amino acid and fatty acid contents in sea cucumber Stichopus vastus collected from Salemo Island waters Indonesia were determined. Results showed that all essential and non-essential amino acids were found in S. vastus. The major essential amino acid content was arginine (28651.62 mg/Kg). Whereas the major non-essential amino acid content was glycine (60907.24 mg/Kg). The total fatty acids were determined in which finding suggested that saturated fatty acid was more than polyunsaturated fatty acid and monounsaturated fatty acid. The higher saturated fatty acid, polyunsaturated fatty acid and monounsaturated fatty acid were palmitic acid (0.07%), arachidonic acid (0.13%) and palmitoleic acid (0.03%) respectively.  

scholarly journals Nutritional and Albumin Content of Swamp Fishes from Merauke, Papua, Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Rini Susilowati ◽  
Sugiyono Sugiyono ◽  
Ekowati Chasanah
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Total Fatty Acid ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Anabas Testudineus ◽  
Albumin Content ◽  
Chemical Content ◽  
Channa Striata

 Study on chemical content of swamp fishes from Merauke has been conducted to obtain nutritional status  of these fishes. Sampling was conducted  twice (August and November 2015) in Merauke. There were six dominant fish species, namely striped snakehead (Channa striata), nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), tade gray mullet (Liza tade), philippine catfish (Clarias batrachus), barramundi (Lates calcarifer), and climbing perch (Anabas testudineus). Result on proximate analysis showed that the fishes had moisture content of 75.73±0.25%-81.45±0.04%, ash 0.94±0.01%-1.26±0.21%, protein 17.11±0.09%-18.92±0.05%, and lipid 0.59±0.19%-3.80±0.63%. The dominant essential amino acid of 6 swamp fishes from Merauke was lysine followed by leucine. Meanwhile the dominant non-essential amino acid was glutamic acid (32.26+0.61 mg/g), followed by aspartic acid. Calcium (Ca) was the dominant macro mineral for all fishes studied, being the highest was in nile tilapia (328.76±8.14 mg/100 g). Micro mineral was dominated by the presence of Selenium (Se) which the highest was in nile tilapia (0.084±0.005 mg/100g). These fishes were also rich in albumin, being the highest was stripe snakehead (138.59±1.68 mg/g). The average of total fatty acid showed that the fishes had saturated fatty acid (SFA) content of 46.30±0.27%, monosaturated fatty acid (MUFA) 9.20±1.6%  and polyunsaturate fatty acid (PUFA) 34.49±0.44% of total fatty acid. From the result, it can be concluded that fish harvested from swamp of Merauke and surrounding area had a good nutritional value.

scholarly journals The Effects of Adding Lysin Essential Amino Acid to Commercial Feed on Fatty Acid Contents of Pangasius Fish

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 653-657
Author(s):  
Wahyu Nopita ◽  
Mirni Lamid ◽  
. Agustono
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Marine Fish ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Commercial Feed

Pangasius is a medium to very large freshwater shark catfish primarily used for consumption with high economic value. The content of pangasius fatty acids is higher than in marine fish, since marine fish have a lower saturated fatty acid composition than freshwater fish. The present research aimed to determine the effects of adding lysine essential amino acid to commercial feeds on the saturated and unsaturated fatty acids contents of pangasius fish. In the present research, an experimental method with completely randomized design was used. The treatment was done by adding lysine with different doses including P0 (0%), P1 (1.2%), P2 (2.2%), and P3 (3.2%). Each treatment was repeated five times. The main parameters studied were the content of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in pangasius fish meat. The observed parameter was water quality. The present results indicated the use of lysine in commercial feed caused significant differences in the content of saturated fatty acids, Monounsaturated Fatty Acids (MUFA) and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA) in pangasius meat; a decrease in the saturated fatty acids content was found in P3 with 3.2% (3.5882 mg/dl). In P2, an increase in the MUFA content of 2.2% (5.9630 mg/dl) was found. An increase in the PUFA content was found in P3 treatment with 3.2% Lysin (23.1082 mg/dl). P1, P2 and P3 indicated lower results than control treatments (P0). The use of lysine in commercial feed indicated significant differences in the content of saturated fatty acids, MUFA and PUFA in pangasius.

scholarly journals Chemical composition of the leaves of tea bush (Ocimum gratissium L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-108
Author(s):  
EI Adeyeye ◽  
MA Oyarekua
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Trace Minerals ◽  
Total Amino Acid

Tea bush leaves are important in the preparation of soups. Crude fat was 5.20g/100g. High value results (g/100g): protein (28.9), carbohydrate (36.2), ash (9.40), fibre (14.1); fatty acid (4.16g/100g) with energy value (154kJ/100g). High major minerals were: Ca, Mg, K and P, high trace minerals were: Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn. Mineral ratios within nutritional standards: Na/K, Ca/P and [K/(Ca + Mg)]. In amino acid composition, highest concentrated amino acid was Glu (11.0g/100g), second was Leu (7.65g/100g), total amino acid (87.2g/100g). Essential amino acid (with His) was 42.5g/100g (48.7%). Quality parameters obtained in the results: Leu/Ile (1.59), % Cys/TSAA (42.3), P-PER (2.49) and EAAI (1.18). On quality criteria, Lys was limiting in the three criteria used. Fatty acid had values of SFA (30.9%), MUFA (5.60%), PUFA (63.5%), PUFA/SFA (2.06), n-6/n-3 (1.52), EPA/DHA (1.39). Total phospholipids (44.1mg/100g) with phosphatidylcholine (15.9), phosphatidylinostitol (14.9) predominating. Cholesterol was 0.00mg/100g, sitosterol was 26.3mg/100g (61.5%).Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 50(2), 93-108, 2015

scholarly journals Nutrient Composition of Dried Seaweed Gracilaria gracilis

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Rasyid ◽  
Ardi Ardiansyah ◽  
Ratih Pangestuti
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Nutrient Composition ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Gracilaria Gracilis ◽  
South Sulawesi

The nutrient composition of dried red seaweed Gracilaria gracilis collected from Barru waters, South Sulawesi including proximate, dietary fiber, minerals, fatty acid and amino acid profile has been investigated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the various nutritional parameters of G. gracilis for utilization in human nutrition. Results show that the content of moisture (19.045), protein (10.86%), ash (6.78%), fat (0.18%), carbohydrate (63.13%) and dietary fiber (27.48%) basis on the dry weight. The content of calcium (429.11 mg.100 g-1), sodium (290.89 mg.100 g-1), phosphor (57.01 mg.100 g-1), iron (15.20 mg.100 g-1) and potassium (1380.42 mg.100 g-1). Leucine was the major essential amino acid found to be 9374.22 mg.kg-1, while glutamic acid was the major non-essential amino acid found to be 10848.98 mg.kg-1. Palmitic acid was the major saturated fatty acid found to be 0.08%, while oleic acid was the major unsaturated fatty acid found to be 0.05%. The nutrient composition of G. gracilis was discussed in this study and suggested that the seaweed species have potentially be used as raw material or ingredient of a healthy food for human.

scholarly journals A pan-cancer transcriptomic study showing tumor specific alterations in central metabolism

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilir Sheraj ◽  
N. Tulin Guray ◽  
Sreeparna Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle ◽  
The Cancer Genome Atlas ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Amino Acid Transporters ◽  
Central Metabolism ◽  
Amino Acid Oxidation ◽  
Transcriptomic Data ◽  
Tumor Types

AbstractRecently, there has been a resurgence of interest in metabolic rewiring of tumors to identify clinically relevant genes. However, most of these studies have had either focused on individual tumors, or are too general, providing a broad outlook on overall changes. In this study, we have first curated an extensive list of genes encoding metabolic enzymes and metabolite transporters relevant to carbohydrate, fatty acid and amino acid oxidation and biosynthesis. Next, we have used publicly available transcriptomic data for 20 different tumor types from The Cancer Genome Atlas Network (TCGA) and focused on differential expression of these genes between tumor and adjacent normal tissue. Our study revealed major transcriptional alterations in genes that are involved in central metabolism. Most tumors exhibit upregulation in carbohydrate and amino acid transporters, increased glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway, and decreased fatty acid and amino acid oxidation. On the other hand, the expression of genes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, anaplerotic reactions and electron transport chain differed between tumors. Although most transcriptomic alterations were conserved across many tumor types suggesting the initiation of common regulatory programs, expression changes unique to specific tumors were also identified, which can provide gene expression fingerprints as potential biomarkers or drug targets. Our study also emphasizes the value of transcriptomic data in the deeper understanding of metabolic changes in diseases.

scholarly journals Amino Acid Profile, Functional Properties and In-vitro Antioxidant Capacity of Cucurbita maxima and Cucurbita mixta Fruit Pulps and Seeds

2019 ◽  
pp. 224-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleem Waheed Oyeleke ◽  
David Timilehin Oluwajuyitan ◽  
Olusola Matthew Oluwamukomi ◽  
Ndigwe Victor Enujiugha
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Cucurbita Maxima ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Seed Flour

The study aimed at evaluating the amino acid profile, fatty acid profile, anti-nutritional factors, functional properties and in-vitro antioxidant activities of Cucurbita maxima and Cucurbita mixta fruit pulps and seeds. Freshly harvested Cucurbita mixta and Cucurbita maxima fruit were processed into flour as; Pa: Cucurbita maxima pulp flour, Pi: Cucurbita mixta pulp flour, Sa: Cucurbita maxima seed flour and Si: Cucurbita mixta seed flour and were evaluated for amino acid profile, fatty acid profile, anti-nutritional factors, functional properties and in-vitro antioxidant activities. Triplicate data were analysed and means were separated using New Duncan Multiple Range Test (NDMRT) at p<0.05. The protein content of the fruit pulps and seeds flour samples were 12.77 g/100 g (Pi), 13.22 g/100 g (Pa), 15.37 g/100 g (Sa) and 16.86 g/100 g (Si). Total essential amino acid was 5.33 mg/100 g of protein (Pa) 6.62 mg/100 g of protein (Pi), 9.85 mg/100 g of protein (Sa) and 14.61 mg/100 g of protein (Si). Total essential amino acid of Pi and Si are significantly higher (p>0.05) than Pa and Sa. Statistically, saturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid of the Pi and Si were significantly lower (p<0.05) than Pa and Sa respectively. Antioxidant activities against ABTS* (Pi) is significantly higher (p>0.05) than Pa and with no significant differences (p<0.05) between ABTS values of Si and Sa. While there is a significant difference (p<0.05) between Si and Sa as well as Pi and Pa antioxidant activities against DPPH* respectively. In conclusion, Cucurbita seeds and pulps flour contains high protein content, appreciable amount of essential minerals, lower Na/K molar ratio of less than one and they also exhibit a good free radical scavenging abilities against DPPH*, ABTS* and ability to reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+ with high content of total phenol and flavonoid.

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