Abstract 3147: Community Socioeconomic Status: Effect on the Knowledge of Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhwani Mehta ◽  
Jane Khoury ◽  
Kathleen Alwell ◽  
Matthew Flaherty ◽  
Daniel Woo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Census Tract ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Stroke Knowledge

Background and Purpose - Despite numerous public awareness campaigns, knowledge about stroke warning signs, risk factors, and treatments remains poor. Previously we described racial disparities in stroke knowledge. We now explore the impact of community socioeconomic status (SES) on stroke knowledge within a large, bi-racial population. Methods -Survey respondents were contacted via a random-digit dial telephone survey in 2005 from the Greater Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky population. Respondents were asked open-ended questions about stroke with regard to warning signs, risk factors, and treatment with rt-PA. Answers were adjudicated by study physicians.. Community SES was defined as the percentage below poverty level within a respondent’s census tract of residence. There are 346 census tracts in the region. For analysis the SES was stratified into quartiles (percent of residents in census tract living below poverty of <5%. 5%-10%, 10%-25%, and >25%. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Potential covariates were race, sex, education, age, smoking, prior stroke or TIA, and history of high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, or heart attack. Responses regarding 3 warning signs, 3 risk factors, and knowledge of rt-PA were compared among the different poverty groups. Results - There were 2156 respondents to the stroke survey. The demographics of the respondents was 24.5 % black, 61.6% women, mean age of 61.5 years. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals are presented in the table . There were no significant differences by community SES of respondents in knowledge of 3 stroke warning signs, 3 risk factors, or of rt-PA. Conclusion - Community SES does not appear to exert an independent effect on knowledge of stroke warning signs and risk factors, or knowledge of rt-PA as a treatment for stroke. It is likely that education and individual experiences with stroke are more important than community poverty for stroke knowledge. This should inform future interventions for improving stroke knowledge.

Abstract WP225: What Do Kids Know? An Assessment of Stroke Awareness in School-aged Children

Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mouhammed R Kabbani ◽  
Angela L Smith ◽  
Andrew J Borgert ◽  
Luis D Ramirez ◽  
Andrea J Schossow
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
School Districts ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
School Level ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Stroke Knowledge

Introduction: Half of grade school-age children in the U.S. receive after school care from their grandparents or another adult family member. Yet, few studies have investigated if educating youth about stroke is an effective vehicle for spreading stroke knowledge to their families and the impact on onset-to-door time. Objective: To assess the level of knowledge about stroke warning signs and behavioral actions in school-aged children. Methods: Surveys differentiated to each school level- elementary (K-5), middle (6-8) and high school (9-12) - were administered to students in 3 community school districts. 6-8 and 9-12 grade students completed the surveys via an online tool, while K-5 students were guided through a picture-based survey. Topics included identifying the signs and symptoms of a stroke, risk factors for stroke and what action to take if the student thought someone was having a stroke. Results: Among 3 participating school districts, 3,425 elementary, 1,239 middle school and 1,594 high school students were surveyed. Less than half (43.7%) of K-5 students recognized 3 main signs of stroke (face, arm and speech). Stroke knowledge level is low among all students in elementary, middle and high school (Figure 1). Previous education was reported in 22% of K-5, 53% in 6-8 and 15% in 9-12 students. Those noting previous stroke education had increased knowledge at all 3 levels (p<0.001, p=0.002 and p<0.001). Total previous education occurring in school was reported at 11%. Conclusions: Children know how to respond to a medical emergency, yet their knowledge about the signs of a stroke is low. Educating youth increases their awareness regardless of age, making the student population a prime target for educational efforts. We plan to partner with school districts to develop curriculum appropriate for the elementary, middle and high school as the next step to increasing awareness about stroke.

scholarly journals Awareness on Cancer and Barriers to Health Care Seeking Among Adults of Bardiya

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
Chanda Sah ◽  
Srijana Aryal ◽  
Gita Neupane
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Health Care Seeking ◽  
Care Seeking ◽  
Cancer Awareness ◽  
Awareness Campaigns

INTRODUCTION: Cancer is a leading public health problem worldwide. Low awareness on cancer leads to increase in burden of cancer diagnosis and treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to find out awareness regarding cancer among people. Total 100 samples were selected by using non-probability purposive sampling method. Semi-structured interview schedule was developed with the guide of the Cancer Awareness Measure (CAM) to collect data. Collected data were analysed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. RESULTS: The findings of the study showed that none of the study respondents were aware of all the nine warning signs of cancer. Majority (80%) of the respondents were aware that “a sore that doesn’t heal” and minority (15%) knew about “change in bowel and bladder habit” as warning signs of cancer. Regarding risk factors, majority knew chemical fertilizer and pesticides and unseasonal fruits and vegetables (90%), smoking (88%) as risk factors of cancer and minority (32%) knew about excessive sun exposure. There was statistically significant association between respondents’ level of awareness regarding cancer with education status (p= 0.011). CONCLUSION: Findings of the study revealed that more than half (68%) of the adults had low awareness regarding cancer. Emotional barriers (88%) were known to be affecting health care seeking behaviours for cancer. Therefore, it is recommended to organize health awareness campaigns addressing emotional barriers might improve in early diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

scholarly journals A Mathematical Overview of the Monogamous Marriage in a Multiregion Framework: Modelling and Control

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Mustapha Lhous ◽  
Omar Zakary ◽  
Mostafa Rachik
Keyword(s):  
Public Awareness ◽  
Control Process ◽  
Optimal Strategies ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Family Status ◽  
Time Model ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
The Family ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

The main objective of this paper is to develop a new mathematical model to study, analyze, and control the family status in several regions and to discuss the impact of the connectivity of regions and the mobility of residents on the marital status of the family, by adopting a multiregion discrete-time model. The modelling and the control process of the system that describes the case of monogamous marriages in a multiregion framework are considered. Two combined control strategies are proposed, which allow reducing the virgin and divorced individuals and increasing the number of married individuals in a specific region. The first control is considered as the impact of public awareness campaigns to educate virgin men and women about the benefits of marriage for the individual and the society; the second control characterizes the legal procedures, administrative complications, and the heavy financial and social consequences of divorces. The optimal control theory is applied to characterize such optimal strategies and determined numerically using a progressive-regressive discrete scheme to discuss the obtained results.

scholarly journals Mammogram history in Nigerian women: Age-related risk factors for breast cancer and educational implications

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric O. Umeh ◽  
Kanayo F. Umeh ◽  
Uzoamaka R. Ebubedike ◽  
Chiamaka F. Ezeugbor ◽  
Chukwuziem N. Anene
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mammography Screening ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Nigerian Women ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Related Risk

Background: Breast cancer accounts for 25% of diagnosed cancers and 20% of cancer-related mortality in women from sub-Saharan Africa. Given the early onset of breast cancer in African women, there is a need to better understand how age-related risk factors contribute to mammography uptake in this population.Aim: To identify age-related risk factors for breast cancer associated with previous uptake of mammograms in asymptomatic Nigerian women and consider implications for health education campaigns.Method: Participants comprised 544 asymptomatic Nigerian women (aged 28–75 years) responding to breast cancer public awareness campaigns, by presenting for baseline or screening mammography at a local hospital. Information about mammography history and age-related risk factors (menarche, menopausal and chronological age) were obtained by interviewing the participants face-to-face, before proceeding with mammography. Hierarchical logistic regression was used to estimate the odds of previous mammograms based on the age-related risk factors.Results: The likelihood of previous mammography screening increased by a factor of 1.07 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00–1.14) for every year older chronologically and decreased by a factor of 1.12 (95% CI: 1.24–1.01) for every year older at menarche. Age at menarche partly mediated the relationship between chronological age and mammography history (effect = –0.01, 95% CI: –0.01, –0.00). Women with a history of breast cancer were 6.11 times more likely to have previously undertaken mammography screening (95% CI: 2.49–14.97). Age at menopause and age at first confinement were unrelated to mammography history.Conclusions: Nigerian women may recognise the need for mammograms because of adverse age-related risk factors for breast cancer, notably menarche and chronological age. However, awareness of menopausal age as a risk factor and basis for mammography screening may be deficient. It is therefore recommended that public awareness campaigns should emphasise the importance of older menopausal age in breast cancer risk and as a basis for requesting mammograms.

scholarly journals Communicating Risk Regarding Food Consumption: The Case of Processed Meat

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavica Zec ◽  
Clara Minto ◽  
Carlo Agostoni ◽  
Carolina Fano ◽  
Honoria Ocagli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Communication ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Real Data ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

The present research combines real data and parameters found in recent literature that were used to design realistic scenarios demonstrating the potential effects (benefits and costs) of the World Health Organization (WHO)’s risk communication regarding the consumption of processed meat, which was proven to be associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) in an International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)/WHO report. The impact of the risk communication of processed meat consumption was simulated using Monte Carlo microsimulation models. The results showed that a 1% reduction in the number of high-level processed meat consumers may lead to a yearly decrease in CRC cases of 406.43 (IC 95%: −243.94, 1056.81), while the more extreme scenario of a 15% reduction may lead to 2086.62 fewer cases (IC 95%: 1426.66, 2746.57). On the other hand, if demand contraction in the processed meat sector resulted in a 0.1% loss in employment, one could expect 27.23 all-cause mortalities attributable to job loss (IC 95%: 16.55, 37.80). This simulation study demonstrates that caution should be taken when implementing public awareness campaigns, particularly when the prevention message is not straightforward.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Census Tract–Level Poverty and Domestically Acquired Salmonella Incidence: Analysis of Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network Data, 2010–2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 222 (8) ◽  
pp. 1405-1412
Author(s):  
James L Hadler ◽  
Paula Clogher ◽  
Tanya Libby ◽  
Elisha Wilson ◽  
Nadine Oosmanally ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Active Surveillance ◽  
Census Tract ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Surveillance Network ◽  
Catchment Population ◽  
Salmonella Infections

Abstract Background The relationships between socioeconomic status and domestically acquired salmonellosis and leading Salmonella serotypes are poorly understood. Methods We analyzed surveillance data from laboratory-confirmed cases of salmonellosis from 2010–2016 for all 10 Foodborne Disease Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) sites, having a catchment population of 47.9 million. Case residential data were geocoded, linked to census tract poverty level, and then categorized into 4 groups according to census tract poverty level. After excluding those reporting international travel before illness onset, age-specific and age-adjusted salmonellosis incidence rates were calculated for each census tract poverty level, overall and for each of the 10 leading serotypes. Results Of 52 821geocodable Salmonella infections (&gt;96%), 48 111 (91.1%) were domestically acquired. Higher age-adjusted incidence occurred with higher census tract poverty level (P &lt; .001; relative risk for highest [≥20%] vs lowest [&lt;5%] census tract poverty level, 1.37). Children &lt;5 years old had the highest relative risk (2.07). Although this relationship was consistent by race/ethnicity and by serotype, it was not present in 5 FoodNet sites or among those aged 18–49 years. Conclusion Children and older adults living in higher-poverty census tracts have had a higher incidence of domestically acquired salmonellosis. There is a need to understand socioeconomic status differences for risk factors for domestically acquired salmonellosis by age group and FoodNet site to help focus prevention efforts.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Perception of Stroke: A Population-Based Survey in Uganda

ISRN Stroke ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Nakibuuka ◽  
Martha Sajatovic ◽  
Elly Katabira ◽  
Edward Ddumba ◽  
Jayne Byakika-Tusiime ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Population Survey ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Stroke Event ◽  
Stroke Risk Factors ◽  
Stroke Knowledge

Purpose. This study, designed to complement a large population survey on prevalence of stroke risk factors, assessed knowledge and perception of stroke and associated factors. Methods. A population survey was conducted in urban Nansana and rural Busukuma, Wakiso district, central Uganda. Adult participants selected by multistage stratified sampling were interviewed about selected aspects of stroke knowledge and perception in a pretested structured questionnaire. Results. There were 1616 participants (71.8% urban; 68.4% female; mean age: 39.6 years ± 15.3). Nearly 3/4 did not know any stroke risk factors and warning signs or recognize the brain as the organ affected. Going to hospital (85.2%) was their most preferred response to a stroke event. Visiting herbalists/traditional healers was preferred by less than 1%. At multivariable logistic regression, good knowledge of stroke warning signs and risk factors was associated with tertiary level of education (OR 4.29, 95% CI 2.13–8.62 and OR 5.96, 95% CI 2.94–12.06), resp.) and self-reported diabetes (OR 1.97, 95% CI 1.18–3.32 and OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.04–3.25), resp.). Conclusion. Knowledge about stroke in Uganda is poor although the planned response to a stroke event was adequate. Educational strategies to increase stroke knowledge are urgently needed as a prelude to developing preventive programmes.

Impact of socioeconomic status on extent of disease at diagnosis and cancer and ocular outcomes in retinoblastoma: A population-based analysis.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 10011-10011
Author(s):  
Bao Truong ◽  
Adam L. Green ◽  
Paola Friedrich-Medina ◽  
Junne Kamihara ◽  
A. Lindsay Frazier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Relative Survival ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Education Attainment ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Hispanic Origin ◽  
Hispanic Patients ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Extent Of Disease

10011 Background: The strong correlation between early diagnosis and improved outcomes has been consistently reported for retinoblastoma; extent of disease and eye preservation are associated with delayed diagnosis. In this study, we aimed to analyze the impact of socioeconomic status (SES) and ethnicity on extent on disease and cancer and ocular outcomes. Methods: All retinoblastoma cases (0-9 years) recorded in 18 SEER registries between 2000-2009 were included. The county-based disparity variables analyzed included poverty level, education attainment, language isolation, crowding, and percentage of immigrants. The cut-off values were defined as the median values for the cohort of patients. We also analyzed the impact of gender, race, and ethnicity. We tested for the association between SES and ethnicity with the percentage of extraocular disease and enucleation. Relative survival was calculated using Ederer II method; estimates were compared using Z-score. Results: We identified 753 cases. Percentage of extraocular cases was consistently higher in US counties with low SES indicators: higher vs. lower poverty status (29.3% vs. 22.1%, p=0.028); lower vs. higher education attainment (30.6% vs. 22.7%, p=0.003); higher vs. lower crowding (33.2% vs. 18.1%, p<0.001); higher vs. lower language isolation (32.2% vs. 19.3%, p<0.001); higher vs. lower percentage of immigrants (30.1% vs. 21.4%, p=0.008). Hispanic patients had significantly higher percentage of extraocular disease (35.2% vs. 20.9%, p<0.001). Poor ocular outcomes, reflected by high percentage of enucleation, were associated with counties with low education attainment (p=0.025), and with Hispanic origin (p=0.019). Decreased survival was associated with language isolation (p=0.016), but not with Hispanic origin or other SES indicators. Conclusions: Our study highlights significant disparities in the care and outcome of children with retinoblastoma. A low SES negatively impacts extent of disease, presumably by limiting access to primary care and delaying diagnosis. Hispanic patients have more advanced disease and higher enucleation rates, although survival is not significantly different.

The impact of census-tract socioeconomic status on survival in stage III colon cancer.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 7032-7032
Author(s):  
Amina Dhahri ◽  
Jori Lee Kaplan ◽  
Shana Ntiri ◽  
Iman Imanirad ◽  
Seth Felder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Census Tract ◽  
Predictor Variable ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
National Database ◽  
Lower Grade ◽  
Stage Iii Colon Cancer ◽  
Census Tract Level ◽  
The Impact

7032 Background: Socioeconomic status (SES) has been associated with worse outcomes in stage III colon cancer. However, these studies have used large geographic areas (zip codes or counties) as a proxy for SES which may bias results. To overcome this challenge, we used a national database with census-tract level SES to assess the impact on cancer-specific (CSS) and overall survival (OS). Methods: Using the SEER Census-Tract Dataset from 2004-2015, we identified 8th edition AJCC stage III colon adenocarcinoma patients who underwent curative-intent surgery and initiated adjuvant chemotherapy. The predictor variable was census-tract level SES, consisting of 7 variables such as income, housing, and education. SES was analyzed as quartiles. Statistical analysis included chi square tests for association and Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression for survival analysis. Results: We identified 27,222 patients who met inclusion criteria. Lower SES was associated with younger age, Black or Hispanic race/ethnicity, Medicaid or uninsured status, higher T stage, <12 lymph nodes examined and lower grade tumors. Median CSS was not reached; the 25th percentile CSS time was 54 months for the lowest SES (LSES) quartile and 80 months for the highest (HSES). Median OS was 113 months for LSES and not reached for HSES. The 5-year CSS rate was 72.4% for the LSES quartile compared to 78.9% in the HSES (p<0.001). The 5-year OS rate was 66.5% for LSES and 74.6% in the HSES (p<0.001). After adjusting for potential confounders (age, sex, race, insurance, pathologic T and N stage and grade), LSES was associated with increased cancer-specific death relative to the HSES (HR 1.22; 95% CI [1.114-1.327]) Conclusions: This is the first study to evaluate CSS and OS in a national cohort of stage III colon cancer patients using a granular, standardized measure of SES. Despite receipt of guideline-based treatment, low SES remained a predictor of increased cancer-specific mortality. These data suggest that investigating treatment barriers beyond adjuvant therapy is needed to address colon cancer survival disparities. [Table: see text]

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