Evolution of Linguistic Diversity in a Simple Communication System

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takaya Arita ◽  
Yuhji Koyama
Keyword(s):  
Communication System ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Cooperative Behavior ◽  
Abstract Model ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Origin And Evolution ◽  
Current State ◽  
Synthetic Modeling

This article reports on the current state of our efforts to shed light on the origin and evolution of linguistic diversity using synthetic modeling and artificial life techniques. We construct a simple abstract model of a communication system that has been designed with regard to referential signaling in nonhuman animals. We analyze the evolutionary dynamics of vocabulary sharing based on these experiments. The results show that mutation rates, population size, and resource restrictions define the classes of vocabulary sharing. We also see a dynamic equilibrium, where two states, a state with one dominant shared word and a state with several dominant shared words, take turns appearing. We incorporate the idea of the abstract model into a more concrete situation and present an agent-based model to verify the results of the abstract model and to examine the possibility of using linguistic diversity in the field of distributed AI and robotics. It has been shown that the evolution of linguistic diversity in vocabulary sharing will support cooperative behavior in a population of agents.

scholarly journals Emergent Robotic Personality Traits via Agent-Based Simulation of Abstract Social Environments

Information ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Casey C. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Agent Based Simulation ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Behavioral Learning ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Markovian Approach

This paper discusses the creation of an agent-based simulation model for interactive robotic faces, built based on data from physical human–robot interaction experiments, to explore hypotheses around how we might create emergent robotic personality traits, rather than pre-scripted ones based on programmatic rules. If an agent/robot can visually attend and behaviorally respond to social cues in its environment, and that environment varies, then idiosyncratic behavior that forms the basis of what we call a “personality” should theoretically be emergent. Here, we evaluate the stability of behavioral learning convergence in such social environments to test this idea. We conduct over 2000 separate simulations of an agent-based model in scaled-down, abstracted forms of the environment, each one representing an “experiment”, to see how different parameters interact to affect this process. Our findings suggest that there may be systematic dynamics in the learning patterns of an agent/robot in social environments, as well as significant interaction effects between the environmental setup and agent perceptual model. Furthermore, learning from deltas (Markovian approach) was more effective than only considering the current state space. We discuss the implications for HRI research, the design of interactive robotic faces, and the development of more robust theoretical frameworks of social interaction.

scholarly journals Mathematical Modelling to Study the Horizontal Transfer of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Bacteria: Current State of the Field and Recommendations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quentin J. Leclerc ◽  
Jodi A. Lindsay ◽  
Gwenan M. Knight
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Mathematical Modelling ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Horizontal Transfer ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Contact Transformation ◽  
Current State ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the greatest public health challenges we are currently facing. To develop effective interventions against this, it is essential to understand the processes behind the spread of AMR. These are partly dependent on the dynamics of horizontal transfer of resistance genes between bacteria, which can occur by conjugation (direct contact), transformation (uptake from the environment) or transduction (mediated by bacteriophages). Mathematical modelling is a powerful tool to investigate the dynamics of AMR, however its application to study the horizontal transfer of AMR genes is currently unclear. In this systematic review, we searched for mathematical modelling studies which focused on horizontal transfer of AMR genes. We compared their aims and methods using a list of predetermined criteria, and utilized our results to assess the current state of this research field. Of the 43 studies we identified, most focused on the transfer of single genes by conjugation in Escherichia coli in culture, and its impact on the bacterial evolutionary dynamics. Our findings highlight the existence of an important research gap on the dynamics of transformation and transduction, and the overall public health implications of horizontal transfer of AMR genes. To further develop this field and improve our ability to control AMR, it is essential that we clarify the structural complexity required to study the dynamics of horizontal gene transfer, which will require cooperation between microbiologists and modellers.

Simulation of HIV Infection Propagation Networks

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Tirado-Ramos ◽  
Chris Kelley
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Current State ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Risk Infection

Simulating the transmission of HIV requires a model framework that can account for the complex nature of HIV transmission. In this paper the authors present the current state of the art for simulating HIV with agent-based models and highlight some of the significant contributions of current research. The authors then propose opportunities for future work including their plan that involves identifying and monitoring high-risk drug users that can potentially initiate high-risk infection propagation networks.

scholarly journals IPA (V1): A framework for agent-based modelling of soil water movement

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Mewes ◽  
Andreas H. Schumann
Keyword(s):  
Water Movement ◽  
Soil Column ◽  
Nonlinear Behaviour ◽  
Soil System ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Agent Based Modelling ◽  
Current State ◽  
Physical Laws

Abstract. In the last decade, agent-based modelling (ABM) became a popular modelling technique in social sciences, medicine, biology and ecology. ABM was designed to simulate systems that are highly dynamic and sensitive to small variations in their composition and their state. As hydrological systems, and natural systems in general, often show dynamic and nonlinear behaviour, ABM can be an appropriate way to model these systems. Nevertheless, only few studies have utilized ABM method for process-based modelling in hydrology. The percolation of water through the unsaturated soil is highly responsive to the current state of the soil system, small variations in composition lead to major changes in the transport system. Hence, we present a new approach for modelling the movement of water through a soil column: autonomous water agents that transport water through the soil while interacting with their environment as well as with other agents under physical laws.

The Oxford Handbook of Psycholinguistics

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Language Processing ◽  
Language Comprehension ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Text Comprehension ◽  
Sentence Comprehension ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
First Language ◽  
Grammatical Encoding ◽  
Current State

This handbook reviews the current state of the art in the field of psycholinguistics. Part I deals with language comprehension at the sublexical, lexical, and sentence and discourse levels. It explores concepts of speech representation and the search for universal speech segmentation mechanisms against a background of linguistic diversity and compares first language with second language segmentation. It also discusses visual word recognition, lexico-semantics, the different forms of lexical ambiguity, sentence comprehension, text comprehension, and language in deaf populations. Part II focuses on language production, with chapters covering topics such as word production and related processes based on evidence from aphasia, the major debates surrounding grammatical encoding. Part III considers various aspects of interaction and communication, including the role of gesture in language processing, approaches to the study of perspective-taking, and the interrelationships between language comprehension, emotion, and sociality. Part IV is concerned with language development and evolution, focusing on topics ranging from the development of prosodic phonology, the neurobiology of artificial grammar learning, and developmental dyslexia. The book concludes with Part V, which looks at methodological advances in psycholinguistic research, such as the use of intracranial electrophysiology in the area of language processing.

scholarly journals Design of a Communication Scheme in a Modern Factory in Accordance with the Standard of Industry 4.0

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (39) ◽  
pp. 101-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Halenár ◽  
Bohuslava Juhásová ◽  
Martin Juhás
Keyword(s):  
Communication System ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Communication Model ◽  
Current State ◽  
Communication Scheme

Abstract This article first describes the current state of the problem in the area of communication in modern factories. Next in the article is given a summary of the requirements that must be implemented for the possibility of establishing a compatible and safe communication system. In the final part of the article is given a proposal of communication model suitable for the implementation.

scholarly journals Oscillatory dynamics in a bacterial cross-protection mutualism

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (22) ◽  
pp. 6236-6241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Anatoly Yurtsev ◽  
Arolyn Conwill ◽  
Jeff Gore
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Cooperative Behavior ◽  
Cross Protection ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Oscillatory Dynamics ◽  
Protection Mutualism

Cooperation between microbes can enable microbial communities to survive in harsh environments. Enzymatic deactivation of antibiotics, a common mechanism of antibiotic resistance in bacteria, is a cooperative behavior that can allow resistant cells to protect sensitive cells from antibiotics. Understanding how bacterial populations survive antibiotic exposure is important both clinically and ecologically, yet the implications of cooperative antibiotic deactivation on the population and evolutionary dynamics remain poorly understood, particularly in the presence of more than one antibiotic. Here, we show that two Escherichia coli strains can form an effective cross-protection mutualism, protecting each other in the presence of two antibiotics (ampicillin and chloramphenicol) so that the coculture can survive in antibiotic concentrations that inhibit growth of either strain alone. Moreover, we find that daily dilutions of the coculture lead to large oscillations in the relative abundance of the two strains, with the ratio of abundances varying by nearly four orders of magnitude over the course of the 3-day period of the oscillation. At modest antibiotic concentrations, the mutualistic behavior enables long-term survival of the oscillating populations; however, at higher antibiotic concentrations, the oscillations destabilize the population, eventually leading to collapse. The two strains form a successful cross-protection mutualism without a period of coevolution, suggesting that similar mutualisms may arise during antibiotic treatment and in natural environments such as the soil.

scholarly journals Recognition of Unlawful Behavior of Unknown Persons Inclined to Committing Offenses in Social Isolation Places

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Kaluzhina ◽  
Boris Spasennikov ◽  
Alina Lebedeva
Keyword(s):  
Social Isolation ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Abstract Model ◽  
Digital Environment ◽  
Institutional Control ◽  
Current State ◽  
Modeling And Forecasting ◽  
Definition Of

Based on the analysis of the current state of the penal system, the article analyzes present-day approaches in the system of tools for understanding unlawful manifestations of pre-criminal behavior in places of social isolation. It states the importance of traditional methods of operational and investigative diagnostics and operational and investigative identification in obtaining primary information regarding the objects of operational interest. According to the criteria of the criminal encroachment object and the degree of importance of the relations protected by the criminal law, which could be damaged if an offense is committed in terms of social isolation, the article carries out an analysis and offers a classification of the objects that need to be monitored by the operational and institutional control. The article analyses the possibilities of specific characteristics of the digital environment, innovative modeling and forecasting methods that underlie the construction of an abstract model of pre-criminal behavior. On the basis of a comparative analysis of working with the big data, it substantiates the necessity of integrating the existing types of recordings into an entire system. It emphasizes the importance of criminological knowledge in the technology of operational recognition and formulates the definition of recognition of unlawful behavior of an unidentified person in places of social isolation.

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