A State of Passion: The Use of Ethnogenesis in Kyrgyzstan

Inner Asia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Gullette
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Group Identity ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Everyday Lives

AbstractThis article analyses former President Askar Akaev's use of ethnogenesis, a theoretical approach concerned with demonstrating continuous social groups and group identity, in his nation-building campaign. In particular, it examines the president's sympathy for the work of Lev Gumilev, a prominent ethnogenetic theorist, and the ways he combined this with people's understandings of their ancestors. Akaev promoted the image of ancestors through Gumilev's concept of passionate energy. This is demonstrated through two commemorative ceremonies to ancestors. A further comparison between Gumilev's concept of 'passion' and charisma reveals other characteristics in the Kyrgyz nation-building campaign and how it attempts to influence people's everyday lives.

Why do children essentialize social groups?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gil Diesendruck
Keyword(s):  
Group Identity ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Young Age ◽  
Intergroup Attitudes ◽  
Need To Belong ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Cognitive Foundations

The tendency to essentialize social groups is universal, and arises early in development. This tendency is associated with negative intergroup attitudes and behaviors, and has thus encouraged the search for remedies for the emergence of essentialism. In this vein, great attention has been devoted to uncovering the cognitive foundations of essentialism. In this chapter, I suggest that attention should also be turned towards the motivational foundations of essentialism. I propose that considerations of power and group identity, but especially a “need to belong”, may encourage children’s essentialization of social groups. Namely, from a young age, children are keen to feel members of a group, and that their membership is secure and exclusive. Essentialism is the conceptual gadget that satisfies these feelings. And to the extent that groups are defined by what they do, this motivated essentialism also impels children to be adamant about the maintenance of unique group behaviors.

DEFENDING WOMEN, NEGOTIATING MASCULINITY IN EARLY MODERN ITALY

2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDRONIKI DIALETI
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Group Identity ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Early Modern Italy ◽  
Crucial Feature

ABSTRACTThis article seeks to contribute to a better understanding of the formation of masculinity in early modern Italy, by focusing on literature defending women written by men. The article argues that defence of women emerged as a crucial feature in male self-fashioning and group identity formation in specific environments, such as the courts, the academies, and the Venetian socio-cultural scene of the 1540s and 1550s. By detecting how demarcations of self and other were shaped in the literature under examination, the article suggests that men defending women fashioned themselves both in regard to female ‘otherness’ and against other contemporary male identities. In this process of inclusion and exclusion both gender and social status came into play. Although defence of women initially emerged as a key determinant of elite masculinity, it gradually became the bone of contention among different social groups of men seeking to negotiate, redefine, and appropriate for themselves an idealized form of masculinity.

scholarly journals Objectification of the superconcept «ideology» in the publicistic discours: diachronic aspect

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
S. Baimamyrov ◽  
◽  
B. Tungushbaeva
Keyword(s):  
Group Identity ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
The Body ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Linguistic Representations ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Post Soviet Period

The authors considers the phraseological — periphrastic combination in the conceptospher of the superсonсept «ideology» that exist in the minds of members of social groups in the form of linguistic representations, define group identity and are included in the body of political lexicon, as one of the highlights of the Russian language will the Soviet / post-Soviet period. Our research is devoted to an actual problem of the modern linguistic science — cognitive theory, particularly to structure and semantic study of the superconcept «ideology». In the article described over phrase combinations OPHC of the Russian language, verbalizing this concept in publicistic discourse of the Soviet and beginning of the Post Soviet periods. Theoretical importance of the offered research is defined by the development of the Russian language conceptosphere theory, author’s attempt to work out OPhC theory, ordering principles, underlining and describing them in pragma linguistic aspectpractical. The authors of the article also present various schemes and tables, illustrating the theoretical provisions of the work.

scholarly journals Independent and Interdependent? Agentic and Communal? Self-construals of People Fused with a Group

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Besta
Keyword(s):  
Group Identity ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
High Identity ◽  
Self Construal ◽  
Football Fans ◽  
Identity Fusion ◽  
Agency And Communion ◽  
And Gender

<p>Four studies were conducted to examine how self and group identity fusion is related to self-construals, self-perception of agentic and communal traits, and the desire for self- and group verification. In study 1 (<em>N<sub>1 </sub>= </em>244), identity fusion in relation to country and gender was examined, while in studies 2 (<em>N<sub>2</sub> = </em>164), and 3 (<em>N<sub>3 </sub>= </em>166) participants’ relations with social groups important to and chosen by them were analyzed. Study 4 (<em>N<sub>4</sub> </em>= 796) included football fans, and they described their relations with other fans. The results showed that high identity fusion was described by (a) high results for interdependent and independent self-construal, except when fusion with country was considered (studies 1, 2, and 4); (b) simultaneously high agency and communion (studies 3 and 4); and (c) a strong desire for self-verification at the group and personal levels of self-description. </p>

scholarly journals Szervezeti relációk a japán ipari vállalkozási kultúrában

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2019/2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónika Balogh
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Japanese Company ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
Short Overview ◽  
Everyday Lives ◽  
Industrial Organizations ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Shame And Guilt ◽  
Critical Approaches

The present article develops a practical operational view of Ruth Benedict’s shame and guilt culture concept as one of the attributes which might characterize the structure and operation of Japanese social groups. After giving a short overview of critical approaches to this concept, several norm-forming, normoperating and sanctioning practices are examined in relation to the aspect of shame and guilt reactions from the everyday lives of intercultural industrial organizations (companies) located in Hungary, featuring Japanese company cultural elements in their operation. The evaluation and analysis of several related phenomena are conducted on the basis of fieldwork, involving further sociological concepts such as relational subjectivism, kanjin 閑人, shikaku 資格 and ba 場, chū 忠 and kō 孝, giri 義理 and ninjō 人情, wa 和, amae 甘えand others.

scholarly journals Mobilność artefaktów protestu. Maska Guya Fawkesa w cyklu kontestacji 2008–2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-97
Author(s):  
Bartosz Ślosarski
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
The World ◽  
The Given

The mobility of protest artifacts: The Guy Fawkes mask in the cycle of contestation in the years 2008–2017The aim of the article is to present the process of protest artifacts’ mobility using the example of the social biography of Guy Fawkes’ mask. The applied theoretical approach is based on a three-ele­ment concept of the social biography of the artifact which includes transformations in the field of cultural practices what is done with an object, industrialization of an object how and by whom it is made, and the change and acquisition of new meanings by the given artifact in which cultural contexts it is located. The example of the Guy Fawkes mask, as well as masking policy in general, is considered in the context of protests against ACTA in Poland and the other events in the world from the 2008–2017 contestation cycle. The mask leads its own social life, being active and mobile, both in the spaces in which it occurs, social groups that use it and what they do with it, and the forms that it takes.

scholarly journals GOVERNMENT ROLES IN PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS PROCUREMENT OF INFRASTRUCTURES: THEORETICAL APPROACH

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rapheal Abiodun Ojelabi ◽  
Olabosipo Ishola Fagbenle ◽  
Lekan Muritala Amusan ◽  
Adedeji Olushola Afolabi
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
Innovative Approach ◽  
Public Private Partnerships ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Financial Capacity ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Supply Capacity

Social and economic infrastructures provision has been the sole responsibility of the government in the time past. However, due to the geometric demand in human infrastructures needs, the government supply capacity has been constrained. The inability of the government to close the infrastructural gaps is due to the inequality in financial capacity and the financial worth of social and economic infrastructures. Despite the paucity of the fund required for infrastructures provisions in government, the need for social and economic infrastructures cannot wait due to its relevance in nation-building. The innovative approach to meeting the social and economic infrastructures is engineered through the adoption of a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) procurement option. The procurement option is a sure route through which infrastructural provision can be sustained. This paper reviews literature on Public-Private Partnership by buttressing on the expected roles of the government through the Governance theory concept.

Does Inclusion Require Democracy?

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam James Tebble
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
Group Identity ◽  
Group Representation ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
The Political ◽  
Institutional Level ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Theory Of Democracy ◽  
Public Decision

Iris Marion Young's theory of democracy aims to accommodate the idea of difference by combining anti-essentialist, identity conferring social groups and mediated socio-economic relations. In this way they are supposed to combine instrumental rationality with inclusiveness and the recognition of difference. Using the political thought of F.A. Hayek, this paper mounts a critique of Young's difference theory. In particular it argues that Young's theory of group representation at the institutional level of politics contradicts her commitment to an anti-essentialist account of groups. Whereas her account of group identity is necessarily fluid and inclusive, her account of recognition is rigid and exclusionary. Furthermore the epistemological demands of democratic communication and economic coordination undermine her instrumental account of public-decision making. In contrast it will be argued that Hayek's political thought provides instructive alternative way of addressing the tensions at the heart of Young's theory.

Introduction

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria C. Stead
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Multiple Modernities ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
Timor Leste ◽  
Ways Of Being

In Papua New Guinea and Timor-Leste there are ways of being and belonging—customary and modern—that are fundamentally different but nonetheless intertwined in dynamic entanglements. These entanglements are being catalyzed by processes of globalization, state- and nation-building, and development. Both Papua New Guinea and Timor-Leste are countries where customary forms of connection to land are central to lives, cultures, and identities. Conceptually, the chapter maps key trajectories in scholarly treatments of custom and modernity in anthropology and related disciplines, including recent scholarship on “multiple modernities.” It proposes a theorization of custom and modernity as ontologically distinct forms of social relations that cut across the boundaries of delimited social groups and are drawn into dynamic and shifting configurations. It is in this entangled multiplicity that we can best see the complexity and flux of global processes of social change.

scholarly journals A Comment on: “ State Capacity, Reciprocity, and the Social Contract” by Timothy Besley

Econometrica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 1351-1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elias Papaioannou
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Social Contract ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Authoritarian Populism ◽  
The Social

In this note, I discuss avenues for future research stemming from Besley's [this issue] theoretical approach on the interconnections between civicness, institutions, and state‐fiscal capacity. First, I lay down some ideas on how one could extend the framework to model fragility traps that characterize many low‐income countries and study issues related to nation‐building, conflict, and heterogeneity across space and ethnic lines in the provision of public goods. Second, I discuss the relevance of the approach for the analysis of authoritarian populism that is spreading in developed countries and emerging markets.

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