Nematode isolation from nitidulid beetles with proposal of Sheraphelenchus heterophallus n. comb.

Nematology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Natsumi Kanzaki
Keyword(s):  
Nematode Species ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Experimental Stand ◽  
Nitidulid Beetles

Summary The nematode associations of two nitidulid beetles, Epuraea ocularis and Lasiodactylus pictus, and their habitat (substrate) were examined in an experimental stand in Kyoto, Japan. Beetles were collected in October 2020 using banana traps. Molecular and morphological identification recognised two nematode species: Sheraphelenchus sucus and Chylorhabditis epuraeae. Sheraphelenchus sucus was isolated exclusively from E. ocularis, while C. epuraeae was isolated from both beetle species. Dauer juveniles (DJ) of S. sucus were isolated from the substrate, rotten banana. The typological characters of S. sucus DJ are illustrated and photo-documented, and S. heterophallus n. comb. (= Aphelenchoides heterophallus Steiner, 1934 and Parasitaphelenchus heterophallus (Steiner, 1934) Rühm, 1956), recognised during a literature survey, is proposed.

scholarly journals Three Colopterus Beetle Species Carry the Oak Wilt Fungus to Fresh Wounds on Red Oak in Missouri

Plant Disease ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Hayslett ◽  
Jennifer Juzwik ◽  
Bruce Moltzan
Keyword(s):  
Abundant Species ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
Red Oak ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Vector Species ◽  
Oak Wilt ◽  
Ceratocystis Fagacearum ◽  
Oak Trees ◽  
The Family ◽  
Nitidulid Beetles

Beetles in the family Nitidulidae can transmit the oak wilt fungus, Ceratocystis fagacearum, to fresh wounds on healthy oak trees, leading to infection and disease development. Historically, nitidulid beetles have not been considered important vectors of the pathogen in Missouri. Studies were conducted in the spring of 2005 and 2006 to determine frequencies of nitidulid beetle species contaminated with C. fagacearum visiting fresh wounds on red oak trees in central Missouri. Colopterus truncatus, C. niger, and C. semitectus were the most abundant species collected from fresh wounds and the only species found to be contaminated with Ceratocystis fagacearum. Of 230 beetles assayed for C. fagacearum, 23 yielded the fungus. Contamination frequencies were higher for beetles collected in April than May; no beetles collected in June were contaminated. We hypothesize that Colopterus truncatus, C. niger, and C. semitectus are principal nitidulid beetle vector species in Missouri during spring. The risk for pathogen transmission by these beetles appears to be greatest in April and least in June.

scholarly journals First record of Neoxysomatium brevicaudatum through the non-invasive sampling of Anguis fragilis: complementary morphological and molecular detection

2011 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Jones ◽  
D.S. Brown ◽  
E. Harris ◽  
J. Jones ◽  
W.O.C. Symondson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
First Record ◽  
Parasite Fauna ◽  
Ribosomal Gene ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Anguis Fragilis ◽  
The Uk

AbstractRelatively few studies have examined the parasite fauna of British reptiles, partly due to the cryptic nature and low population density of these hosts. Here we examined 12 populations of the slow worm Anguis fragilis which, unlike other UK lizards, occurs at locally high population densities. Morphological examination of non-invasively collected faecal samples revealed the presence of Neoxysomatium brevicaudatum and a second unidentified nematode species. Although previously unrecorded from slow worms in the UK, N. brevicaudatum was present in 38% of animals (mean intensity 70.9, range 1–686). Morphological identification was confirmed by sequencing the 18S ribosomal gene. The use of the species-specific, cytochrome oxidase I mitochondrial gene primers proved an efficient alternative to conventional, microscope screening for parasites, although the original identification of N. brevicaudatum was dependent upon morphological characters. Sequencing also identified the second, smaller nematode as belonging to the Rhabdiasidae family: this species was even more common at a prevalence of 83% (mean intensity 102.8, range 1–2000). While increasing our knowledge of the UK macroparasite fauna, this work demonstrates the benefits of a combined morphological–molecular approach.

scholarly journals Laporan Pertama di Sulawesi Selatan: Karakter Morfologi dan Molekuler Nematoda Puru Akar yang Berasosiasi dengan Akar Padi di Kabupaten Wajo, Sulawesi Selatan

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Hishar Mirsam ◽  
Fitrianingrum Kurniawati
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Rice Root ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Analysis ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Meloidogyne Graminicola ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Root Knot Nematode (RKN) is one of the most important cosmopolite parasitic nematode species. Reports on RKN associated with rice root in Indonesia are still limited in West Java and Yogyakarta. This study aimed to identify the RKN associated with rice root in Sub-district of Bola, District of Wajo, South Sulawesi, based on morphological and molecular characters. Sampling was carried out by purposive method based on specific criteria of sample, i.e. root knot. Identification of root knot nematode (RKN) infestation in field was done by observing the primary and secondary symptoms. Morphological identification was carried out based on characters of juvenile 2 and the female perineal pattern. Molecular identification was based on amplification of r-DNA by polymerase chain reaction technique using primers rDNA2 and rDNA 1.58s. RKN were detected associated with the incidence of root knot in rice plant. RKN was identified as Meloidogyne graminicola based on morphological characters of juvenile 2 and the female perineal pattern. PCR using primer rDNA 2 / rDNA 1.58s successfully amplified a DNA band of RKN of ± 500 bp. Nucleotide sequence analysis showed that RKN isolated from Wajo was closely related to M. graminicola isolated from Nepal, China, India, Madagascar, and USA with homology of 98.1–100.00%. IntisariNematoda puru akar (NPA) merupakan salah satu jenis nematoda parasit penting yang bersifat kosmopolit. Laporan NPA yang berasosiasi dengan akar tanaman padi di Indonesia masih terbatas di Jawa Barat dan Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi NPA yang berasosiasi dengan akar tanaman padi di Kabupaten Wajo, Sulawesi Selatan berdasarkan karakter morfologi dan molekuler. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposif dengan memilih sampel berdasarkan pada kriteria gejala spesifik penyakit puru akar. Identifikasi serangan dilakukan dengan mengamati gejala primer dan gejala sekunder. Identifikasi morfologi dilakukan dengan pengamatan karakter morfologi juvenil 2 dan pola perineal NPA betina.Identifikasi molekuler dilakukan dengan teknik polymerase chain reaction (PCR) untuk mengamplifikasi wilayah internal transcribed spacer (ITS) ribosomal DNA (rDNA) menggunakan pasangan primer rDNA2 dan rDNA1.58s. NPA ditemukan berasosiasi dengan akar tanaman padi yang memperlihatkan gejala puru akar. NPA diidentifikasi sebagai Meloidogyne graminicola berdasarkan karakter morfologi juvenil 2 dan pola perineal NPA betina. PCR menggunakan primer rDNA2/ rDNA1.58s berhasil mengamplifikasi pita DNA NPA dengan ukuran sekitar 500 bp. Analisis runutan nukleotida menunjukkan isolat NPA asal Wajo-Indonesia memiliki tingkat kekerabatan yang sangat dekat dengan isolat M. graminicola asal Nepal, Cina, India, Madagaskar, dan Amerika Serikat dengan nilai homologi berkisar 98,1–100,0%.

scholarly journals Short Communication: First record of Hirschmanniella mucronata (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae) in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siwi Indarti ◽  
Alan Soffan ◽  
MUHAMMAD MAULANA FARDANI ANDRASMARA
Keyword(s):  
Short Communication ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
First Record ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Species Variation ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Red Color ◽  
Identification Technique ◽  
Pcr Method

Abstract. Indarti S, Soffan A, Andrasmara MMF. 2020. Short Communication: First record of Hirschmanniella mucronata (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae) in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 2068-2073. Hirschmanniella spp. is one of the worldwide plant-parasitic nematodes affecting major losses in rice production and impact up to 25% yield losses especially on irrigated rice. Infection of Hirschmanniella spp. on the root system leading to the typical symptom of red color in the rice rooting system. In order to identify the species variation of Hirschmanniella spp. from the collected samples in Yogyakarta Province of Indonesia, a molecular-based identification using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method was conducted, complemented by morphological identification technique. PCR based identification was carried out by amplifying the area of ​​28S rRNA using universal nematode primer (D2A / D3B) which resulting about 766 bp of amplicon. Blastx analysis from Genbank showed that Cangkringan sample confirmed to be H. mucronata species, while other samples from Banguntapan and Imogiri were H. oryzae species. The Cangkringan samples of H. mucronata have 97.5 % similarities with Belgium sample, forming separate clades with other samples. While both Banguntapan and Imogiri samples have the 99 % similarity with H. oryzae and were located in the same clade, but separated from Cangkringan sample. Morphological identification confirmed both species were distinctly based on the unique characters of the tail tips. H. mucronata therefor is the first report nematode species in Indonesian rice field. Precaution should be designed to prevent the potential distribution of H. mucronata to other areas.

Molecular diagnosis of parasitic nematodes

Parasitology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 117 (7) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. McKEAND
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Past Infection ◽  
Essential Requirement ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Nematode Parasites ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Immunological Assays

There is an essential requirement for highly sensitive tools that will differentiate nematode parasites of animals and plants to the species level. For studying host range, genetic variation, virulence and resistance, the availability of well defined populations is vital. Many nematode species cannot be identified with certainty using traditional morphological or morphometric techniques. This is particularly the case for the more accessible developmental stages that, depending on the particular group concerned, live as eggs and larvae in the environment or as micro-filariae that circulate in the blood or inhabit the skin. Morphological identification of these stages requires specialized expertise and is extremely time consuming. Immunological assays have their place in nematode identification but they do not discriminate between current and previous infections, an essential requirement in many epidemiological and prevalence studies. In addition to being highly sensitive, DNA-based methods of detection define present over past infection and are not dependent on the parasite stage. Many types of methodology are available for the detection and definition of nematode DNA. This paper reviews these methods citing examples that have been used with success in the laboratory as well as the field.

scholarly journals Prevalence and fecal egg load of gastrointestinal parasites of Angora goats in four agro-ecological zones in Lesotho

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-346
Author(s):  
Leballo G. Matsepe ◽  
Setsumi Molapo ◽  
Moeketsi Phalatsi ◽  
Mamajone Phororo
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Egg Load ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ecological Zones

Background and Aim: Goats are reared for their meat, mohair and other socio-cultural needs in Lesotho. Helminth infections are some of the major setbacks in the goat production industry due to their negative impact on animals' health, resulting in significant losses on meat and mohair production and death. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence, fecal egg infestation, and morphological identification of gastrointestinal parasites in goats. Materials and Methods: Fecal samples were collected from 765 goats and subjected to McMaster egg counting techniques using the flotation method. Statistical analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS v.26.0). Results: The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites was 94.7%, and the identified gastrointestinal parasites were nematodes (64.7%), coccidia (25.8%), and cestodes (4.2%). Haemonchus contortus was identified as the prevalent gastrointestinal nematode species found in goats. The prevalence and fecal egg count of gastrointestinal parasites were significantly higher (p<0.05) in goats located in the highlands and Senqu River Valley, while goats in the lowlands demonstrated a significantly (p<0.05) higher prevalence of H. contortus. Immature goats and kids were more significantly (p<0.05) prone to gastrointestinal parasites. Conclusion: The nematodes and coccidia infestations were prevalent in goats located in the highlands and foothills, respectively, whereas nematode and coccidia fecal egg loads were higher in goats located in the foothills and Senqu River Valley, respectively.

scholarly journals Ant-associated beetles of Fennoscandia and Denmark

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jussi Päivinen ◽  
Petri Ahlroth ◽  
Veijo Kaitala
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
The Other ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Ant Colonies ◽  
Arthropod Species ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Do So

Ants have a negative impact on populations of many arthropod species. On the other hand, numerous arthropod species live in association with ants. In this paper we list ant-associated beetles (including myrmecophiles) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. Data is based on a literature survey and new field observations. We list 369 ant-associated beetle species of which 73 are categorized as myrmecophilous. Our data suggests that there might be numerous beetle species associated with ants, which are not generally known to do so. This indicates that ant colonies may be important habitats for a large variety of beetle species.

scholarly journals Short Communication: The prevalence and species of root-knot nematode which infect on potato seed in Central Java, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
MUTALA’LIAH MUTALA’LIAH ◽  
SIWI INDARTI ◽  
ARIF WIBOWO
Keyword(s):  
Short Communication ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp

Mutala’liah, Indarti S , Wibowo A. 2019. Short Communication: The prevalence and species of root-knot nematode which infect on potato seed in Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 11-16. Root-knot nematodes are considered as one of the most destructive pathogens of potatoes, especially on tuber seed. Infected potato seed will cause tuber malformation and the most important thing is as the main spreading source of Meloidogyne spp. The objective of this research was to know the prevalence and identify the species of root-knot nematode which attack the potato seed in four sub-districts of potato production centre in Central Java, Indonesia. Molecular and morphological identification was conducted for the nematode species identification. PCR assay using MIG primer to detect three tropical root-knot nematodes followed by sequencing was conducted for molecular detection, while the perennial pattern was conducted for morphological detection. Results showed that root-knot nematodes on potato seed were generally distributed in Central Java with the prevalence percentage between 14.28-88.23% on the three from four sampling area. The molecular and morphological identification show that species of root-knot nematodes identified on potato seeds were Meloidogyne javanica, M. incognita, and M. arenaria.

scholarly journals Integrative Morphometric and Molecular Approach to Update the Impact and Distribution of Potato Cyst Nematodes Globodera rostochiensis and Globodera pallida (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae) in Algeria

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
Aouicha Djebroune ◽  
Gahdab Chakali ◽  
Eugénia de Andrade ◽  
Maria João Camacho ◽  
Leidy Rusinque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nematode Species ◽  
Globodera Rostochiensis ◽  
Globodera Pallida ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Potato Cyst Nematodes ◽  
Cyst Nematodes ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
The Impact

Morphological and molecular studies were conducted to characterize the specific identity of 36 isolates of potato cyst nematodes (PCNs) recovered from soil samples collected in several potato producing areas of Algeria. Morphometric data revealed that 44% of isolates contained Globodera pallida alone, 28% contained Globodera rostochiensis alone and 28% mixtures of the two species. Morphometric values of cysts and second-stage juveniles were generally distributed with slight differences in the expected ranges for both Globodera species. Inter- and intraspecific morphometric variability in nematode isolates was noted. Molecular analysis using conventional multiplex PCR with species-specific primers and TaqMan real-time PCR confirmed the morphological identification. In addition, the distribution of both potato cyst nematode species throughout various parts of the country was investigated. In the central areas, the isolates of G. pallida alone dominate, whereas isolates of G. rostochiensis alone are more frequent in the southern areas. In the eastern regions, mixed isolates are more representative. Most isolates examined in the western areas are mixtures of the two species or G. rostochiensis alone. Comparatively, G. pallida remains the most widely distributed species in its geographic range. This study confirms the presence of two PCN species, G. pallida and G. rostochiensis, in Algeria and provides additional information on their biogeographic distribution.

An Efficient Statistic for Determining the Diameter of Thin Sectioned Uniform Spheres from Measurements of Biological Samples

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 114-115
Author(s):  
W. R. Schucany ◽  
G. H. Kelsoe ◽  
V. F. Allison
Keyword(s):  
Biological Samples ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Sectioned Material ◽  
Maximal Diameter ◽  
Similar Cell

Accurate estimation of the size of spheroid organelles from thin sectioned material is often necessary, as uniquely homogenous populations of organelles such as vessicles, granules, or nuclei often are critically important in the morphological identification of similar cell types. However, the difficulty in obtaining accurate diameter measurements of thin sectioned organelles is well known. This difficulty is due to the extreme tenuity of the sectioned material as compared to the size of the intact organelle. In populations where low variance is suspected the traditional method of diameter estimation has been to measure literally hundreds of profiles and to describe the “largest” as representative of the “approximate maximal diameter”.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document