Africa between Gandhi and Nehru

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 14-30
Author(s):  
Ali A. Mazrui
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Civil Disobedience ◽  
Nobel Laureate ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Doctoral Thesis ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
The Impact

The author’s interest in Africa’s relations with India goes back to his doctoral thesis at Oxford University, published under the title of Towards a Pax Africana. The impact of India upon twentieth century Africa has a special place for Gandhi’s strategies of civil disobedience and Nehru’s principle of nonalignment. Gandhi’s satyagraha (soul force) inspired African political figures as diverse as Nobel laureate Albert Luthuli of South Africa and Ivorian president Houphouet-Boigny. Nehru’s ideas about what used to be called “positive neutralism” helped to shape African approaches to foreign policy in the entire post-colonial era. The essay, published almost two decades ago, explored these historical dimensions in this prescient analysis.

scholarly journals China’s Belt and Road Initiative: Will it Make or Mar Development in the Central and West Africa Subregions?

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
William G. Dzekashu ◽  
Julius N. Anyu
Keyword(s):  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
The West ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Domestic Products

The West, chiefly Europe, left political footmarks in Africa from the Colonial Era, along with varying economic footprints and surviving engagements in the immediate Post-colonial Era. However, the relationships between Africa and her former colonial masters have hardly yielded much to the former following the wave of independence, leading to the perception of failed relationships. This perception of failure to deliver on their undertakings has left Africa with only one option—China. The latter has been addressing some of Africa’s urgent infrastructure needs in return for natural resources and agricultural products. These engagements on the surface appear to be good business, but on further examination seem questionable notably as it relates to debt distress on vulnerable economies. To increase her footprint within the continent, China extended her Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) to most African nations who have signed a memorandum of understanding for future development projects. Though the commitments usually are unspecified, China’s investments have seen rapid growth since the early 2000s, largely owing to the implementation of the BRI. The memoranda have had the potential to strengthen ties with partner nations. The expansion to include Africa in its economic participation in the BRI has left the West questioning China’s motives while reinforcing suspicions about possible future US-China conflict. The impact of BRI on the African continent is quite visible in all the subregions, especially in their improved gross domestic products. A burning question has been whether these partnerships represent win-win relationships for sustainable growth or debt-growth dynamics.

The Developmental State

2019 ◽  
pp. 71-100
Author(s):  
Luis Eslava
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
International Law ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
The State ◽  
The South ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Institutional Formation ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Impact

The battle for international law during the era of decolonization in the mid-twentieth century was to a large extent a battle fought over the nature, function and objectives of the state—above all, over their relationship to the idea of ‘development’. A particular normative and institutional formation resulted from this battle: the ‘developmental state’, the impact of which on (in)dependence in the South was and continues to be profound. However, the ‘developmental state’ did not spring ready-made out of nowhere. On the contrary, using Latin America’s much earlier experience of colonialism, decolonization and independent statehood as a starting-point, this chapter draws attention to the long and complex process through which the developmental state’s most important elements emerged, defining what was thinkable and doable there and elsewhere in the post-colonial world.

Cuba's Impact in Southern Africa

1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-54
Author(s):  
Owen Ellison Kahn
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Complex Pattern ◽  
Political Relationships ◽  
Guerrilla Movements ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

This Article Assesses the impact of the Cuban military on strategic, diplomatic and political relationships in southern Africa. It does not deal with why Cuba and its Soviet benefactor have interested themselves in the region, nor does it discuss Soviet influence on Cuban foreign policy. The aspects covered here include: (1) how Cuba and Angola fit into the complex pattern of regional relations in southern Africa; (2) an outline of the region's main territorial actors and guerrilla movements, along with a brief history of Cuban involvement in the area; (3) the response of South Africa to this foreign spoiler of its regional hegemony, (4) regional cooperation in southern Africa insofar as it is a response to South Africa's militancy in the face of international communism as represented in the region by Cuba; and (5) Cuba's effect upon the economy and polity of Angola and Mozambique.

scholarly journals KIRAN DESAI’S NOVEL, THE INHERITANCE OF LOSS, A RICH PROJECTION TO THE POSTCOLONIAL PANORAMA IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
MS. J. LAXMEE KANTAMMA
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
General Concept ◽  
First Century ◽  
Financial Security ◽  
The West ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Award Winning ◽  
The Impact

The present paper aims to bring forth the perception of the world in the postcolonial period in Kiran Desai’s Award winning novel, The Inheritance of Loss. The euphoria of liberalization and celebration of globalization have been skillfully denuded by Kiran Desai in her work. She demonstrated that though the advancement of technology professed to create wealth and well-being in integrating the cultural diversities, the fact is that there is a darker side where innumerable people are deprived of their basic human rights. Desai’s motive in writing The Inheritance of loss was to look beyond the general concept of globalization. With her optimism Desai finds the other disordered side of global economy, which are less discussed. In the background of colonial neurosis and multiculturalism, Kiran Desai explores the impact of globalization expressed in terms of financial security in alien lands, racial discrimination, bitterness of immigration, complexity of the high society and disenchantment borrowed out of the opulence of the West in the post-colonial era.  

Creating the empire

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-352
Author(s):  
Beatrice Falcucci
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Tropical Agriculture ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Educational Tool ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Colonial Policy ◽  
Study Centre ◽  
History Of

Abstract The Istituto Agricolo Coloniale Italiano was established in Florence in 1904 by Professor Gino Bartolommei Gioli, whose aim was to create a study centre that would support Italian colonial policy, contribute to the training of experts on tropical agriculture, and inspire admiration and love for Italy’s colonies. The nation's overseas empire was, in the opinion of many intellectuals, greatly neglected both by the Italian population at large and by the industrial leaders, who commonly disregarded the potential and richness of the colonies. The museum formed an essential part of the colonial project, displaying the material aspect of the African territories, presenting their economic potential, addressing the colonies as a place where Italians could invest and stimulating their imperial vocations. This article interrogates the museum and its evolution as an educational tool, from the first decade of the twentieth century to the post-colonial era, focusing on the history of the colonial collection and on how it was exhibited.

scholarly journals Contesting colonial (hi)stories: (Post)colonial imaginings of Southeast Asia

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-371
Author(s):  
Alexander Supartono ◽  
Alexandra Moschovi
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Picture Plane ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Digital Material ◽  
Colonial Archive ◽  
Digital Manipulation ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

This article seeks to explore the impact of digital technologies upon the material, conceptual and ideological premises of the colonial archive in the digital era. This analysis is pursued though a discussion of creative work produced during an international, multidisciplinary artist workshop in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, that used digital material from colonial photographic archives in the Netherlands to critically investigate the ways national, transnational and personal (hi)stories in the former colonies in Southeast Asia have been informed and shaped by their colonial past. The analysis focuses on how the artists’ use of digital media contests and reconfigures the use, truth value and power of the colonial archive as an entity and institution. Case studies include: Thai photographer Dow Wasiksiri, who questions the archive's mnemonic function by substituting early twentieth-century handcrafted association techniques with digital manipulation; Malaysian artist Yee I-Lann, who compresses onto the same picture plane different historical moments and colonial narratives; and Indonesian photographer Agan Harahap, who recomposes archival photographs into unlikely juxtapositions disseminated through social media. By repurposing colonial archival material and circulating their work online such a re-imag(in)ing of Southeast Asia not only challenges the notions of originality, authenticity, ownership and control associated with such archives, but also reclaims colonial-era (hi)stories, making them part of a democratic, expanding, postcolonial archive.

Migrating with Colonial and Post-Colonial Memories: Dynamics of Racial Interactions within Zimbabwe’s Minority Communities in Britain

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Roy Zembe
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Race ◽  
Immigrant Community ◽  
Racially Diverse ◽  
Minority Communities ◽  
Interracial Interactions ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Monolithic Group ◽  
Diverse Community ◽  
The Impact

Upon attaining independence on 18 April 1980, the Zimbabwean government was faced with the challenge of eradicating prejudices, which had been constructed during the colonial era. Whilst it is correct to accept that colonial Zimbabwe was beset with racial prejudices, which inhibited interracial interactions, it is also essential to recognise that post-colonial events triggered socialisation processes devoid of nation building. Therefore, by exploring the dynamics of interactions within Zimbabwe’s minority communities in Britain, the paper will unravel the impact of memories constructed during the different phases of Zimbabwe’s history. By focusing exclusively on Whites, Coloureds (mixed-race) and Asians, it will demonstrate that the Zimbabwean immigrant community in Britain is not a monolithic group of Blacks, but a racially diverse community. Analysing the diaspora interactions of communities considered more privileged than Blacks during the colonial era provides a perspective on the complexities of eradicating historically constructed racial prejudices.

scholarly journals The impact of the Bible and Bible themes on John Rangiah's Ministry in South Africa

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney Ragwan
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Early Life ◽  
African Continent ◽  
Baptist Church ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

John Rangiah was the first Indian Baptist missionary who came to Natal (today called KwaZulu-Natal). He was born in India in 1866 and died in 1915. He established the first Telugu Baptist Church on the African continent in Kearsney, Natal. In the corpus of South African Baptist mission literature, the contribution of John Rangiah is given very little attention. Although he is referenced by Baptist historians for his work amongst Indian Baptists, the impact of the Bible and Bible themes as well as his theology in South Africa have not been examined. This article provides insight into Rangiah�s early life and faith, and critically examines his understanding of the Bible and its themes, such as the Bible, prayer, salvation and eschatological hope. These themes will be critically examined from a conservative evangelical perspective and thereafter attempts to examine these using elements of post-colonial hermeneutics will be undertaken.

scholarly journals Federally administered tribal areas: British colonial legacy in postcolonial age

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-199
Author(s):  
Oleg Sergeevich Tselera
Keyword(s):  
British India ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Colonial Legacy ◽  
The Usa ◽  
British Colonial ◽  
Administrative Experience ◽  
Tribal Areas ◽  
The Impact

The following paper analyzes the role of administrative experience of the British Empire on Northwest boundary of the British India in 19 - the first half of the 20th centuries in Pakistan political policy choice concerning the federally administered tribal areas in the second half of 20 - the beginning of the 21st centuries. At the same time special attention is paid to the British colonial practices which saved the value during a post-colonial era in the tribes zone. The author also pays attention to the role of colonial experience in asymmetrical conflict settlement with the USA involvement in Afghanistan territory as well as to features of interaction of Washington and Islamabad in the tribes zone. The author concludes about perspectives of colonial knowledge in federally administered tribal areas administration during a post-colonial era taking into account historical experience of the British colonial administration on Northwest boundary of British India during the age of empires. The paper also reveals the impact of postcolonial practices on the history of modern Pakistan and on the choice of its way to reform the FATA (Federally Administered Tribal Areas), as well as the role of other regional players in the reform of the FATA.

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