A Human Rights-Based Emotional and Safety Skills Programme for Children in Finland

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-704
Author(s):  
Riitta Ala-Luhtala ◽  
llsa Lottes ◽  
Sirpa Valkama ◽  
Leena Liimatainen
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Safety Skills ◽  
Public Health Programmes ◽  
Health Programmes

According to research reviewed by the World Health Organisation and the Council of Europe, child abuse and maltreatment are both violations of human rights and a major public health problem. In the last couple of decades there has also been a movement to integrate human rights principles into public health programmes and health system analyses. Rights-based approaches put responsibility and accountability components into health promotion for countries whose governments have accepted human rights principles. The purpose of this paper is to describe a human-rights-based emotional and safety skills programme developed in Finland; the goal of this programme is to train health and social work professionals, child care workers and child educators to help children learn and apply emotional and safety skills. The programme integrates the protection, provision and participation characteristics of human rights with active learning techniques. The programme was positively evaluated by its participants. The paper concludes with recommendations for human rights education so others may integrate rights-based approaches for health promotion and public health programmes.

scholarly journals Food behaviors and youth obesity in Pakistan - doi: 10.4025/actascihealthsci.v35i2.11885

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjum Hashmi ◽  
Jamil Ahmed Soomro ◽  
Khalid Saleem
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization

The epidemic of obesity took off from about 1980 and in almost all countries has been rising inexorably ever since. Only in 1997 did world health organization accept that this was a major public health problem. It is also becoming an important public health problem among Pakistani children due to changes in life style and other factors. The increasing prevalence of childhood obesity and its concomitant health risks justify widespread efforts toward prevention. A Cross-sectional study was conducted to elaborate the various types of foods and change in eating behavior leading to abnormal weight gain among the youth. A total of 504 male and female students of class six to ten were selected through simple random sampling. Anthropometric measurements were done with calibrated instruments using the age and sex specific BMI cut off points according to World Health Organization growth reference. Results showed significant proportion of girls (86%) and boys (85%) had abnormal waist to hip ratio. The determinants of the obesity lie within the rapid changes in food intake behavior and lifestyle patterns which had a clear and significant impact on the prevalence of obesity in youth of Pakistan.

Health promotion in the workplace

2013 ◽  
pp. 608-620
Author(s):  
Steve Boorman ◽  
Ian Banks
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Minimal Cost ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Prevention And Health Promotion ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Health Support ◽  
Public Health Programmes ◽  
Health Programmes

This chapter aims to provide a summary of the development of modern approaches to health promotion in the workplace, illustrated by a number of case studies from UK businesses active in this area. The workplace is an effective forum for health promoting activities and the examples highlight that careful planning and targeting may increase the likelihood of success. Many employers expect such programmes to have high cost, or be difficult to organiseize, but the increasing resources available from third -sector and public health programmes may be accessed by partnership approaches to deliver high- quality programmes, with minimal cost. Comprehensive occupational health should encompass prevention and health promotion, within the continuum ranging from pro-active health support to more reactive intervention to address injury or illness.

scholarly journals Evidencing value of public health programmes to enable sustainable investment for health & wellbeing

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Dyakova ◽  
A Stielke ◽  
K Ashton-Brown ◽  
P Daniels ◽  
R Kadel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
Innovative Approach ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Prevention ◽  
Digital Database ◽  
Sustainable Investment ◽  
Public Health Programmes ◽  
Health Programmes

Abstract Issue Global sustainability challenges related to health, inequity, the environment and the economy require urgent innovative action and focus on prevention. Fair evidence-informed prioritisation of scarce resources is pivotal to ensure sustainable investment policies and practices. It is key to capture the value and return on investment of public health (prevention) programmes in order to show their wider benefit to people, communities, society, economy and our planet. Description The Evidencing Value project builds on a global and national drive towards measuring the value of health services and interventions. The World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Investment in Health and Well-being (WHO CC) is developing an innovative approach and digital solution to assess the holistic (economic, social and environmental) value and return on investment of public health programmes. It uses a Social Return on Investment (SROI) approach, which involves key stakeholders from the beginning and measures what matters most. This helps to identify the wider impact and outcomes of different health protection, disease prevention and health promotion programmes. The evidence is embedded in an interactive digital database to inform investment prioritisation and quality improvement. Results Project outputs include: (i) structured evidence repository detailing the value of public health services and interventions; (ii) interactive digital database for storage, manipulation and presentation of data; (iii) SROI pilots; and (iv) generalised framework for investing in public health/prevention to be used by other public bodies and countries. Lessons It is essential to understand the wider impact and value of public health programmes to facilitate Universal Health Coverage and sustainable investment for health and wellbeing. This project uses an innovative approach and digital solution to enable evidence informed resource allocation and decision-making focused on prevention. Key messages Evidencing value of public health supports the case for investing in prevention. Using innovative methods and digital solutions is essential to inform sustainable investment for health.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Severity of Anaemia Stratified by Age and Gender in Rural India

Anemia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo Alvarez-Uria ◽  
Praveen K. Naik ◽  
Manoranjan Midde ◽  
Pradeep S. Yalla ◽  
Raghavakalyan Pakam
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Rural Settings ◽  
Normocytic Anaemia ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Health Programmes

Anaemia is a major public health problem in India. Although nearly three quarters of the Indian population live in rural areas, the epidemiology of anaemia in rural settings is not well known. We performed a retrospective observational study using routine clinical data from patients attending the out-patient clinics of a rural hospital in India from June 2011 to August 2014. The study included 73,795 determinations of haemoglobin. 49.5% of patients were female. The median haemoglobin concentration was 11.3 g/dL (interquartile range (IQR), 9.8–12.4) in females and 12.5 g/dL (IQR, 10.6–14.2) in males. Anaemia was present in the majority of children <10 years, women after puberty, and older adults. Children <5 years had the highest prevalence of anaemia, especially children aged 1-2 years. The high proportion of microcytic anaemia and the fact that gender differences were only seen after the menarche period in women suggest that iron deficiency was the main cause of anaemia. However, the prevalence of normocytic anaemia increased with age. The results of this study can be used by public health programmes to design target interventions aimed at reducing the huge burden of anaemia in India. Further studies are needed to clarify the aetiology of anaemia among older adults.

Suicide and genetic biomarkers: toward personalized tailored-treatment with lithium and clozapine.

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenico De Berardis ◽  
Federica Vellante ◽  
Mauro Pettorruso ◽  
Lorenza Lucidi ◽  
Antonio Tambelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
World Health ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Genetic Biomarkers ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

Background: Suicide is a major public health problem on a global scale with about 800.000 deaths every year. In particular, it represents one of the main causes of death among adolescents and young adults aged between 15 and 29 years. The World Health Organization (WHO) describes suicide as “an act of deliberate killing,” which is placed at the extreme end of the continuous spectrum of suicidal behaviors (SBs). These include suicidal ideation, attempted suicide, and suicide itself. Objective: The aim of the present review was to better clarify the suicide vulnerability genetic biomarkers and genetic variants correlated with the response to lithium and clozapine and to evaluate some correspondences. Methods: We reviewed the current literature, focusing our attention on genetic molecular studies on neurobiological systems involved in SBs and on pharmacogenetic studies on antisuicidal drugs (lithium and clozapine). Results: The studies we reviewed have shown mixed results. Interestingly, rs1800532 polymorphism of the SLC6A4 gene, encoding for the serotonin transporter, is potentially correlated with both suicide vulnerability and a poor response to lithium and clozapine. Conclusion: Due to the impact of suicide on public health, more studies are needed to open a promising route to prevent suicide in personalized and precise psychiatry.

scholarly journals Malaria elimination in Malaysia and the rising threat of Plasmodium knowlesi

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham Zefong Chin ◽  
Marilyn Charlene Montini Maluda ◽  
Jenarun Jelip ◽  
Muhammad Saffree Bin Jeffree ◽  
Richard Culleton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Malaria Elimination ◽  
Plasmodium Knowlesi ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Strategic Plan ◽  
World Health ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Human Malaria ◽  
Zoonotic Malaria

Abstract Background Malaria is a major public-health problem, with over 40% of the world’s population (more than 3.3 billion people) at risk from the disease. Malaysia has committed to eliminate indigenous human malaria transmission by 2020. The objective of this descriptive study is to understand the epidemiology of malaria in Malaysia from 2000 through 2018 and to highlight the threat posed by zoonotic malaria to the National Malaria Elimination Strategic Plan. Methods Malaria is a notifiable infection in Malaysia. The data used in this study were extracted from the Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia, contributed by the hospitals and health clinics throughout Malaysia. The population data used in this study was extracted from the Department of Statistics Malaysia. Data analyses were performed using Microsoft Excel. Data used for mapping are available at EPSG:4326 WGS84 CRS (Coordinate Reference System). Shapefile was obtained from igismap. Mapping and plotting of the map were performed using QGIS. Results Between 2000 and 2007, human malaria contributed 100% of reported malaria and 18–46 deaths per year in Malaysia. Between 2008 and 2017, indigenous malaria cases decreased from 6071 to 85 (98.6% reduction), while during the same period, zoonotic Plasmodium knowlesi cases increased from 376 to 3614 cases (an 861% increase). The year 2018 marked the first year that Malaysia did not report any indigenous cases of malaria caused by human malaria parasites. However, there was an increasing trend of P. knowlesi cases, with a total of 4131 cases reported in that year. Although the increased incidence of P. knowlesi cases can be attributed to various factors including improved diagnostic capacity, reduction in human malaria cases, and increase in awareness of P. knowlesi, more than 50% of P. knowlesi cases were associated with agriculture and plantation activities, with a large remainder proportion linked to forest-related activities. Conclusions Malaysia has entered the elimination phase of malaria control. Zoonotic malaria, however, is increasing exponentially and becoming a significant public health problem. Improved inter-sectoral collaboration is required in order to develop a more integrated effort to control zoonotic malaria. Local political commitment and the provision of technical support from the World Health Organization will help to create focused and concerted efforts towards ensuring the success of the National Malaria Elimination Strategic Plan.

scholarly journals Oral Health in Portugal: Small Steps in the Right Direction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Carlos Albuquerque ◽  
Bernardete Machado ◽  
Carlos Albuquerque
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Right ◽  
Oral Health Indicators

Oral diseases remain a major public health problem, due to its high prevalence and consequences, however, in Portugal, oral health indicators have been improving over the last few years. This is associated with the implementation of various strategies in health promotion, prevention and early treatment of oral diseases, with an important reinforcement of public sector intervention. It is important to revisit what measures have been implemented, how effective they are and how to improve them.

Substance Abuse and Drug-Related Death, Suicidal Ideation, and Suicide: A Review

Crisis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Mino ◽  
Arnaud Bousquet ◽  
Barbara Broers
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Hiv Epidemic

The high mortality rate among drug users, which is partly due to the HIV epidemic and partly due to drug-related accidental deaths and suicides, presents a major public health problem. Knowing more about prevalence, incidence, and risk factors is important for the development of rational preventive and therapeutic programs. This article attempts to give an overview of studies of the relations between substance abuse, suicidal ideation, suicide, and drug-related death. Research in this field is hampered by the absence of clear definitions, and results of studies are rarely comparable. There is, however, consensus about suicidal ideation being a risk factor for suicide attempts and suicide. Suicidal ideation is also a predictor of suicide, especially among drug users. It is correlated with an absence of family support, with the severity of the psychosocial dysfunctioning, and with multi-drug abuse, but also with requests for treatment. Every clinical examination of a drug user, not only of those who are depressed, should address the possible presence of suicidal ideation, as well as its intensity and duration.

Crucial role of physiotherapy in treating COVID-19 patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 967-971
Author(s):  
Poonam Thakre ◽  
Waqar M. Naqvi ◽  
Trupti Deshmukh ◽  
Nikhil Ingole ◽  
Sourabh Deshmukh
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Front Line ◽  
The Many ◽  
Sixth International

The emergence in China of 2019 of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus2 (SARS-CoV-2) previously provisionally names 2019-nCoV disease (COVID19) caused major global outbreak and is a major public health problem. On 30 January 2020, the WHO declared COVID19 to be the sixth international public health emergency. This present pandemic has engrossed the globe with a high rate of mortality. As a front line practitioner, physiotherapists are expected to be getting in direct contact with patients infected with the virus. That’s why it is necessary for understanding the many aspects of their role in the identification, contains, reduces and treats the symptoms of this disease. The main presentation is the involvement of respiratory system with symptoms like fever, cough, sore throat, sneezing and characteristics of pneumonia leads to ARDS(Acute respiratory distress syndrome) also land up in multiorgan dysfunction syndrome. This text describes and suggests physiotherapy management of acute COVID-19 patients. It also includes recommendations and guidelines for physiotherapy planning and management. It also covers the guidelines regarding personal care and equipment used for treatment which can be used in the treatment of acute adult patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19.

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