Theology in Higher Education in Post-Soviet Russia (1991–2008)

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-199
Author(s):  
Ivar Maksutov

AbstractIn this article the most urgent problems, which have arisen in the introduction of theology to Russian higher education, are examined step-by-step as examples of the situation in the post-Soviet area. Starting from the historical background of the question, the article describes the collapse of the study of religion and theology after the October Revolution in 1917 and looks at the status of theologians in Soviet society and their identity in present-day Russia. Subsequently, it analyzes theology as an educational discipline in Russia and concludes with the problem of the complex relationship between theology and the academic study of religion in contemporary Russia, which developed against the Soviet background of Russian science.

Author(s):  
Vitaliy Makar ◽  
Yuriy Makar ◽  
Vitaly Semenko ◽  
Andriy Stetsyuk

The editorial board continues to publish the most significant documents, which characterize the status and progress of the Ukrainian national liberation movement, its vision in other countries in the early 20th century. The documents from the first book «Events in Ukraine 1914–1922 their importance and historical background» were published in Volume 39 of the Scientific journal. We publish the papers from the second book in current volume. We have selected 10 documents that chronologically cover the period from January 17 to May 9, 1918, and reproduce the vision of the Ukrainian problem by the ruling circles of Austro-Hungarian Empire and Germany, as well as the efforts of Ukrainian public-political figures aimed at the election of Ukraineʼs independence, reproduce the atmosphere of negotiations in Brest-Litovsk. The Austrian drafts of the imperial manifesto on the occasion of the peace treaty with Ukraine and the protocols of meetings of the German, Austrian and Ukrainian delegations during the preparation of the peace treaty are presented as the first 4 documents. The text of the Brest-Litovsk Peace Treaty signed on 9February, 1918 is the fifth document. The following five documents characterize the attitude of Soviet Russia and Poland to the provisions of the Treaty, as well as Germany’s attitude to the state affiliation of the Kholmshchyna. These documents will be useful for both students and researchers of international relations and history of Ukraine in the early 20th century. Whereas we have selected documents from different parts of the book, we stored their serial numbers. Page numbers are shown in square brackets after the text. The language, style of the headings and captions, cursive and text selection are all preserved. Also, for convenience of possible use by interested persons, we submit to them a list of abbreviations from the second book in the original. Keywords: Austro-Hungarian Empire, Brest-Litovsk peace treaty, Galicia, Germany, Ukraine, The Ukrainian Peopleʼs Republic, Ukrainian national movement, Ukrainians, Kholmshchyna.


Author(s):  
Dmitry Yur`evich Narkhov ◽  
Elena Nikolaevna Narkhova ◽  
Yury Rudol'fovich Vishnevsky

In work the theoretical bases and dynamics of processes of modernization of the Russian higher education are studied, conditions and specifics of its last cycle reveal (the end of XX – the beginning of the 21st centuries). The attention to global character, interaction with the international educational space is paid. The professional community of teachers (scientific and pedagogical workers) of the higher education (HE) acts as an object. Research objective – identification of a state, opportunities and conditions of realization of resource potential of teachers of higher education institutions for ensuring modernization of higher education. Studying of problems of resource ensuring modernization was carried out from positions of system, constructivist, resource, activity and structurally functional approaches. The empirical base was made by materials of the all-Russian sociological researches: questionnaire, expert interviews. The new scientific idea that the speed of modernization changes of system of the higher education depends on a state and conditions of updating of resource potential of community of teachers of higher education institutions is developed; their resource potential develops unevenly and depends on inclusiveness degree in an educational vertical and the status of higher education institution. Concepts of resources and resource potential of modernization of education are entered, their substantial characteristics are opened. Recommendations about optimization of this process are submitted.


Author(s):  
Inese Spica ◽  
Ludmila Guzikova

Taking into consideration at the present business environment of the Russia, as well as its geographical position and the historical background, it is important to make use of these conditions for estimation and further development business competences at the universities of Russia. The object of the present research paper is business competences, the subject of the research paper is estimation of the business competences of Russia and the development them in the study process at the higher education organizations in Russia. The objective of the research paper is to study the integration process of students and academic staff representing Russian higher education organizations in formation of business competences in Russia, to elucidate the factors influencing the business competences, to develop proposals for estimation and improvement of business competences in Russia. Research methods: reported analysis of business competences, higher education organizations in Russia, study of correlation between business environment factors and business competences, economic and statistical analysis of the universities results, economic experiment, studying of public and non -governmental institutions data in Russia. The present paper includes further development of study on the contents of business competences, factors influencing it, higher education theory and policy. 


Author(s):  
Predrag Petrović ◽  

The paper presents two Serbian travelogues published in 1928 in Belgrade: Impressions from Russia (Утисци из Русије), by the writer Dragiša Vasic and Impressions from Russia (Импресије из Русије) by the sculptor Sreten Stojanovic. On the occasion of marking the tenth anniversary of the October Revolution, Vasic and Stojanovic, as journalists, had the opportunity to spend two months in Moscow and Leningrad. Driven by great respect and love for Russian culture, they wanted to acquaint the Serbian public with the social, political and cultural life in the new state. Both travelogues emphasize the image of Soviet society in which there are still conflicts between traditional and new values that are gradually but surely being established. The authors pay great attention to the Russian art of that time, primarily to the theater. Both travelogues are important literary and documentary evidence of the image of Soviet Russia that was formed in the Serbian cultural public in the period between the two world wars.


2011 ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Varshavsky

The article considers current problems of Russia´s science. Special attention is paid to external factors that negatively influence its effectiveness including considerable lag in public management sector. The issues of opposing higher education sector to the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) are also discussed. A number of indicators of the Russian science and its academic sector effectiveness are presented. The expediency of comparing scientific results with R&D expenditures is shown. The problems connected with using bibliometric methods are discussed. Special attention is paid to the necessity of preserving and further developing Russian science including RAS.


2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Proctor

Alexander Luria played a prominent role in the psychoanalytic community that flourished briefly in Soviet Russia in the decade following the 1917 October Revolution. In 1925 he co-wrote an introduction to Sigmund Freud's Beyond the Pleasure Principle with Lev Vygotsky, which argued that the conservatism of the instincts that Freud described might be overcome through the kind of radical social transformation then taking place in Russia. In attempting to bypass the backward looking aspects of Freud's theory, however, Luria and Vygotsky also did away with the tension between Eros and the death drive; precisely the element of Freud's essay they praised for being ‘dialectical’. This article theoretically unpicks Luria and Vygotsky's critique of psychoanalysis. It concludes by considering their optimistic ideological argument against the death drive with Luria's contemporaneous psychological research findings, proposing that Freud's ostensibly conservative theory may not have been as antithetical to revolutionary goals as Luria and Vygotsky assumed.


GIS Business ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 341-348
Author(s):  
Dr. Mini Jain ◽  
Dr. Mini Jain

In India, higher education is a need of hour. The excellence of Higher Edification decides the production of skilled manpower to the nation. Indian education system significantly teaching has not been tested too economical to form youths of our country employable in line with the requirement of job market. Despite the rise in range of establishments at primary, secondary and tertiary level our young educated folks don't seem to be capable of being used and recovering job opportunities. Reason being they need not non-heritable such skills essential for demand of the duty market. The present study is aimed at analyzing the status of higher education institutions in terms of Infrastructure, various courses of the institute, quality Initiatives and skill development program offered by the Institutes, in the North-East India region, so as to see whether the Higher Educational Institutes of this region are in the process of gradually developing the skills of the students in attaining excellence. The paper also laid emphasis on the measures adopted by these institutes for quality improvement, and to find out their role in combating the adversity acclaimed in the region, since this region’s development is impeded by certain inherent difficulties However, this paper focuses attention on high quality education with special emphasis on higher education for forward linkages through value addition.


2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
O. S. Sukharev

The paper outlines system capabilities of Russia to join the scientific and technological leaders through changes in the staff policy in the science field, which was the purpose of the research.The subject of the research is institutional changes occurring in science and, particularly, staff training. The status of the Russian science is assessed in terms of changes in the basic rules and their adjustment with an emphasis on material and non-material incentives, staff rotation and training of young scientists. The paper proves that the frequency and content of institutional changes affect the quality of the scientific development and the training of scientific staff; moreover, copying the rules already in use reduces the competitive potential of science. From the scientific and practical standpoint, the research is novel in that it formulates proposals for establishing a labor compensation system and introduction of basic institutions (rules) to ensure the functioning of the scientific sphere and the efficiency of functions immanent to the latter. The paper proposes a “scientific product” doctrine that can be used for assessment of a scientist’s labor, according to which the scientist creates a product that is assessed not by the citation frequency or the number of published articles and books but by the importance of discoveries in theory and practice, the significance of new formulas and methods developed. It is suggested that the scientist’s labor compensation system be presented by two levels: the current salary and the estimated value of the total scientific product created. The problem of scientific work incentives can be solved by introducing a special tariffqualification grid tied to the system of the scientist’s promotion.


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