scholarly journals Writing Africa, Righting America: An Experience of Otherness in J. P. Clark’s America, Their America

Afrika Focus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-322
Author(s):  
Adewuyi Aremu Ayodeji
Keyword(s):  
Travel Writing ◽  
First Generation ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
African Culture ◽  
The Us

Abstract In this article, I examine one of the finest first-generation Nigerian writers, John Pepper Clark-Bekederemo, who passed away on 13 October 2020, and who has been categorised as a Eurocentric writer. By critiquing his America, Their America, this work investigates the authenticity of this perception of J. P. Clark as a Eurocentric Nigerian writer. By analysing his autobiography vis-à-vis the notion of the Self and the Other, a theoretical concern in contemporary travel writing, the researcher establishes that every culture has its positive and negative aspects. It must not feel too proud to change as time and situation demand. It is clear that Clark vehemently rejects the US claim of the sophistication and superiority of their culture over African culture. The paper concludes that contemporary travel writing should be a rightful site for negotiating cultural compromises between the Self and the Other, since the gap may be difficult to close altogether.

scholarly journals Writing Africa, Righting America: An Experience of Otherness in J. P. Clark's America, their America

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adewuyi Ayodeji
Keyword(s):  
Travel Writing ◽  
First Generation ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
African Culture ◽  
Self And Other

Considered one of the finest first-generation Nigerian writers, John Pepper Clark-Bekederemo, who passed away on 13th October, 2020, had been categorised as a Eurocentric writer. This work assesses the authenticity or otherwise of this critics’ perception of Clark by critiquing his America, their America. By analysing this autobiography vis-à-vis the notion of self and other which is a theoretical concern in contemporary travel writing, it was established, among other things, that every culture has its dark sides which it must not feel too proud to change as time and situation demand; that Clark vehemently rejects the Americans’ claim of sophistication and superiority of their culture over African culture. The paper concludes that contemporary travel writing should be a rightful site for negotiating cultural, political and diplomatic compromises between the Self and the Other since the gulf may be difficult to close altogether.

scholarly journals Multiple Relationships of Nursing Care: the Emergence of Care "of the us"

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 895-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Aparecida Baggio ◽  
Alacoque Lorenzini Erdmann
Keyword(s):  
Self Care ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Multiple Relationships ◽  
Care Of The Self ◽  
The Us ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Nursing Professionals ◽  
Nursing Professional

The aim of this qualitative study was to comprehend the relationships of the care of the self, of care of the other, and of care "of the us" in the different dimensions of care, through an educational/reflexive/interpretative process with nursing professionals in a University Hospital, using the complexity perspective. The data were collected through workshops and submitted to content analysis. The following categories emerged: reflecting upon the meaning of care of the self, care of the other, and "of the us" for the "I - human being", and for the "I - nursing professional"; and reflecting and (re)constructing the meanings of the relationships of care for the self, care for the other, and care "for the us". The care "for the us" is an emerging theme, in construction, and impels a concern for the collective, as well as remits to the comprehension of the multiple and unending phenomenon of constant movement among the beings and between them and their environment, modifying, altering, and causing to be altered the networks of existent relationships.

Shared Lives: Exploring Practices of Amity Between Grandmothers and Grandchildren in Western Kenya

Africa ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Wenzel Geissler ◽  
Ruth J. Prince
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Western Kenya ◽  
Everyday Lives ◽  
Everyday Practices

AbstractThis essay explores the relationships between three Luo grandmothers and their grandchildren with particular attention to forms of address and of sharing as practices of amity. Classic Africanist kinship studies identified these as central to the relations between alternate generations. We argue that they are also crucial to our understanding of some aspects of the notion of ‘love’ (hera) that old and young Luo describe as constitutive both of grandmotherhood in particular and of sociality in general. We shall intertwine these concerns of the first generation of social anthropologists, in what were then imagined as pre-modern societies, with the concerns that contemporary, modern Luo grandmothers and grandchildren have with love. Love or amity, and their attendant everyday practices of sharing, retain their importance both for the grandmaternal bond and for broader Luo sociality. Rather than providing an unquestioned and unequivocal prescriptive framework, these practices of relatedness are situated within an imaginative field which is often explicitly dichotomised. Some practices stress individual selves and autonomous subjects, while others emphasise the sharedness of the self and the primacy of relations over subjects. Rather than adhering to one or the other of these poles of relatedness and personhood, modern Luo grandmothers and grandchildren create their everyday lives between them, drawing on divergent ideas and practices, while enjoying, where possible, the pleasures of'love’.

Virtual Orientalism/Imagined Dualism (VO/ID) Expansion

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-71
Author(s):  
Aya Kamperis
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Visual Culture ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Product Service ◽  
The Us ◽  
Aesthetic Style ◽  
Post War ◽  
Insight Into

In Virtual Orientalism, Jane Naomi Iwamura extends Edward Said's theory through an analysis of the US post-war visual culture to trace the genealogy of the icon of the East she calls the ‘Oriental Monk'. The aim of the chapter is to explore the appropriation of the notion of Zen, particularly its application and exploitation as an aesthetic ‘style', and the mechanisms behind such phenomena. The chapter extends Iwamura's thesis to elaborate on the function of the Virtual Monk to question the development of its ontology in the contemporary world of neoliberalism and social media to introduce the concept of VO/ID, which has been deployed by capitalist corporations to market Zen as a lifestyle product/service. It offers an insight into the process of identification within the framework of orientalism, that is, the way in which the Self and the Other come into being, and offer Gen as a possible solution to the VO/ID expansion.

旅行，為了轉瞬即逝的希望：試析錢鍾書《圍城》中的旅行書寫

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (26) ◽  
pp. 001-012
Author(s):  
蔣小虎 蔣小虎
Keyword(s):  
Travel Writing ◽  
Cultural Influence ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Scant Attention ◽  
Chinese Intellectuals ◽  
Fortress Besieged

<p>錢鍾書的《圍城》因其獨具一格的行文、諷刺和暗喻而聞名於世，該小說對中日戰爭初期的中國文人進行了辛辣且幽默的嘲諷及批評。然而，截至目前，學界鮮少討論錢鍾書在《圍城》中的旅行書寫。傳統上，旅行往往被視為是一個文化影響、發現他者及自我的過程；極端情形下，旅行甚至是征服的開始。本文認為，錢鍾書通過旅行的情節，揭露了人性的黑暗面，例如自大、虛偽、貪婪和算計，而這些陰暗面的存在無關種族、性別、階級、教育或地區。《圍城》的男主角方鴻漸本就是一個自卑且悲觀的人，經過數次旅行之後&mdash;&mdash;從歐洲到上海、從上海到湖南、從湖南回到上海，他的這些性格特徵愈發明顯。他的一生是由一個接一個的圍城所構成，而從此圍城到彼圍城的旅途給了他短暫的可以喘息的時間和空間，這些旅行也給了他轉瞬即逝的虛假希望，那便是，他在下一站將迎來更好的機遇。</p> <p>&nbsp;</p><p>Famous for its masterful diction, satire, and metaphor, Qian Zhongshu’s Fortress Besieged is a sharp, humorous, and sarcastic criticism of Chinese intellectuals at the beginning of the Sino-Japanese War. Until recently, scant attention was paid to Qian’s travel writing in this novel. Travel is traditionally considered a process of cultural influence, the discovery of the other and the self or, radically, the beginning of conquest. This essay argues that Qian adopts the plot of travel to display a bleak picture of humanity, filled with pretentiousness, hypocrisy, greed, and manipulation, the existence of which is not impacted by race, gender, class, education, or region. For the novel’s protagonist Fang Hongjian, his habitual low-esteem and pessimism become more explicit after his several trips from Europe to Shanghai, from Shanghai to Hunan, and from Hunan back to Shanghai. His life consists of besieged fortresses one after another. The journey from here to there gives him temporary space and time for breathing, as well as a false and fleeting hope that he will have better chances in the next stop.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>

Metaphors the East Is Othered by: A Critical-cognitive Study of Metaphor in Lady Sheil’s Travelogue Glimpses of Life and Manners in Persia

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 894
Author(s):  
Ehsan Golahmar ◽  
Manoochehr Tavangar
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Travel Writing ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cognitive Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Poetics ◽  
Critical Metaphor Analysis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Cognitive Study

Regarding travel writing as the textual manifestation of the Self and the Other confrontation, travelogues provide interesting material for analyzing otherness discourse and various strategies of othering. Accordingly, this paper aims to study how metaphor functions as an othering device in travel writing. The travelogue which is the subject of this research is Glimpses of Life and Manners in Persia written by Lady Sheil in the mid-nineteenth century. The framework employed for analyzing metaphor in this text is Critical Metaphor Analysis which is amongst various approaches of cognitive poetics. The critical-cognitive analysis of metaphors in this travelogue implies that Sheil metaphorized Persia mainly as an Oriental Other which has a denigrated inferior position relative to the Occidental Self. In so doing, she has vastly used different stereotypical images of the East abundantly present in the Orientalist discourse. It can be argued that Orientalism as a discourse has exerted great influence on Sheil’s metaphorization of Persia as an Eastern Other via a number of conceptual metaphors which characterize the East as a unified object which has no diversity and should be studied by European scholars.

Interpersonal rhetoric of attitude in news

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-286
Author(s):  
Mona Bahmani ◽  
Ahlam Alharbi
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Nuclear Weapons ◽  
Systemic Functional Linguistics ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Al Jazeera ◽  
Nuclear Program ◽  
The Us

Abstract Drawing on principles of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) the proposed study examined and compared the attitudinal positioning of both CNN and Al-Jazeera English (AJE) concerning Iran’s Nuclear Program (INP). The paper has employed the appraisal framework (Martin & White 2005) to reveal the different subtypes of attitude, i.e., affect, judgment, and appreciation, which have been encoded in the selected news items. It has been found that AJE discourse is highly evaluated. AJE has appraised INP positively; yet, it has evaluated Iran (apart from INP) and the US negatively. Unlike CNN, it is very obvious that AJE has various agendas. To achieve its goals, AJE has employed judgment more than the other subsystems of attitude. This is not surprising, given that the function of judgment is to judge people and their actions rather than things. This may explain why AJE news coverage is biased. On the other hand, although CNN relies heavily on appreciation, its coverage is biased as well. Indirectly through appreciating INP as being a nuclear weapons program, CNN has tried to invoke readers’ judgment of Iran. In addition, CNN has highlighted aspects of their opposition towards Iran such as unity, unification, consensus, etc, through the use of (+sec). Unlike AJE, CNN has one agenda and they achieved it through appraising the “self” positively and the “other”, i.e., Iran negatively.

Time and the Other in Nineteenth-Century German Travel Writing on Africa

Transfers ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-116
Author(s):  
Tracey Reimann-Dawe
Keyword(s):  
Travel Writing ◽  
Linear Time ◽  
Scientific Discovery ◽  
Main Channel ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
German Unification ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Common

Between 1848 and 1914 a wave of German academic explorers traveled to Africa, enticed by the promise of geographical, anthropological and botanical discoveries. These Afrikareisende (African explorers) composed narrative accounts of their journeys, which at the time were the main channel for disseminating their experiences to the public. This article focuses on three works from the first three decades of German exploration of Africa prior to German unification in 1871. The common aim of scientific discovery unified Afrikareisende and their passage through foreign space. An inextricable feature of this scientific ideology is the connection to rational, linear time. This article demonstrates how the perception and relevance of time is employed to transfer knowledge of the Self and Other to a German readership. This knowledge reflects not only the explorers’ experience of their personal identity but also the tentative beginnings of a collective German identity as it is defined in colonial space.

scholarly journals Negotiating Identity Across Boundaries Arab-American: An Identity in the Making

1970 ◽  
pp. 65-75
Author(s):  
Ghia Osseiran
Keyword(s):  
American Culture ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Arab American ◽  
Discursive Formation ◽  
American Experience ◽  
Close Analysis ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Shed Light

“Once I claimed a past, spoke my history, told my name, the walls of incomprehension and hostility rose, brick by brick: unfunny ‘ethnic’ jokes, jibes about terrorists and Kalashnikovs, about veiled women and camels … Searching for images of my Arab self in American culture I found only unrecognizable stereotypes,” says Lisa Suhair Majaj (1994, p. 67), depicting her experience of what it is like to be a Palestinian living in the US. This paper strives to shed light on precisely this search for the self in the “Other,” focusing on the discursive formation of an anti-essentialist Arab-American subjectivity entrenched in the Arab-American experience, through a close analysis of the delineation of the individual and communal selves in the works of three Arab-American writers: Suheir Hammad, Mohja Kahf, and Diana Abu-Jaber.

A personal quest: Travel writing as self-exploration in Eddy L. Harris’s Native Stranger: A Blackamerican’s Journey into the Heart of Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicklas Hållén
Keyword(s):  
Travel Writing ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Double Consciousness ◽  
The Past ◽  
Social Narratives ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The World ◽  
The One

In Native Stranger: A Blackamerican’s Journey into the Heart of Africa (1992), Eddy L. Harris explores what it means to be the person he is. What, if anything, connects him to Africa? What is the relation between the person he knows himself to be, and the person others see? Searching for answers to his questions, he finds himself caught between his attempts to remain open to new ways of seeing and understanding the world, on the one hand, and succumbing to the pressures of monolithic narratives about African otherness, race, belonging, roots and the past, on the other hand. This tension gives rise to an ambiguity and a number of contradictions which make the text fold back on itself. His literary project therefore ultimately serves to raise questions not only about his own identity and place in the world, but also about the conditions of writing about the self. Central among the contradictions that permeate the text is a doubling of epistemological perspectives, which can be described as an effect of what W. E. B. Dubois famously termed double-consciousness. While Harris is able to use the contradictions that arise from his writing to explore and represent the complexity of the questions that are foregrounded in his text, he is unable to answer them. His project is in other words a kind of failure, but as this article argues, this failure is the price that Harris pays to access the full complexity of selfhood, beyond political and social narratives about collective identity and how the present is shaped by the past.

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