scholarly journals Living Outside the Wall: the Quarter of Wattle-and-daub Houses in Old Dongola of the Funj Period

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-132
Author(s):  
Maciej Wyżgoł ◽  
Agata Deptuła
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Public Space ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Domestic Space ◽  
Social Organisation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Gender Divisions ◽  
The Town ◽  
Activity Areas

Abstract Excavations at Old Dongola in 2018/2019 led to the discovery of a quarter of wattle-and-daub houses located outside the town walls. The houses, dated to the 17th − 18th century, are arranged in compounds and visibly differ from other dwellings. This paper aims to identify the functional and social organisation of domestic space, based primarily on the analysis of access and activity areas. It sheds light on the relations of private and public space as well as gender divisions. The paper also addresses the question of the identity of dwellers and the social structure of the town in the Funj period.

Early Debates

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Llano
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Domestic Space ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Conduct Manuals ◽  
The Public ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
The Social ◽  
Undeserving Poor

This chapter provides an account of how organilleros elicited public anger because their activity did not fit into any of the social aid categories that had been in place since the late eighteenth century. Social aid in Spain relied on a clear-cut distinction between deserving and undeserving poor in order to rationalize the distribution of limited resources and reduce mendicancy on the streets. Organilleros could not, strictly speaking, be considered idle, since they played music, but their activity required no specific skills and was regarded with suspicion as a surrogate form of begging. The in-betweenness of the organillero caused further anger as it challenged attempts to establish a neat distinction between public and private spaces. On one hand, organillo music penetrated the domestic space, which conduct manuals of the nineteenth century configured as female; on the other, it brought women into the public space, which those manuals configured as male.

The Social Structure of Modern Bamako

Africa ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude Meillassoux
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
The North ◽  
The Social ◽  
North Bank ◽  
Niger River ◽  
Opening Paragraph ◽  
The Town

Opening ParagraphAccording to a partial census taken in 1960, Bamako city has about 130,000 inhabitants. Small by Western standards, it is still by far the largest city in Mali. At the time of the French conquest Bamako had only between 800 and 1,000 inhabitants; it was the capital of a Bambara chiefdom, grouping about thirty villages on the north bank of the Niger river, with a total of about 5,000 people. The ruling dynasty was that of the Niaré, who, according to their traditions, came from the Kingi eleven generations ago (between 1640 and 1700). For defence against the neighbours and armed slave-raiders fortifications were built around the town and a permanent army of so-fa (horsemen) was raised. Soon after its foundation Bamako attracted Moslem Moors from Twat who settled as marabouts and merchants under the protection of the Niaré's warriors. Among them, the Twati (later to be called Touré) and the Dravé became, alongside and sometimes in competition with the Niaré, the leading families.

scholarly journals Free or paid: the uses of Roses Citadel (Catalonia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-120
Author(s):  
Josep Burch ◽  
Modest Fluvià ◽  
Ricard Rigall ◽  
Albert Saló ◽  
Gabriel Alcalde
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Economic Analyses ◽  
Social Use ◽  
The Town

Purpose The Roses Citadel is a bastioned fortification that has archaeological remains from the Greek, Roman and medieval periods in its interior. Currently, the area inside the Citadel is used for a wide range of activities; some directly related with the heritage item, others associated with its use as a public space for the town. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the economic interest of charging an entrance fee vs the alternative of free access and offers a framework to address this issue. Design/methodology/approach The proposal is to consider the marginal cost of increasing the number of users and to carry out a travel cost analysis. It is vital to take into account the results of specifically economic analyses, but the evaluations of social policies should also be considered, and should have a considerable weight in decision making. Findings It is proposed that free entry would bring about an increase in the number of visitors and users of Roses Citadel. In turn, this increase would lead to a greater social use of this heritage asset, and a chance for the least privileged sectors of society to use the site more. Financial resources for the maintenance of the asset would not be raised through entry fees, but through contributions relating to the increase in the social consideration of the site. Originality/value In the context of a discussion on the advantages and disadvantages of paying an entry fee for heritage assets, the example of Roses Citadel provides several factors for consideration. It shows that payment of an entry fee affects use of the site by society, and particularly by the local community, whereas free access leads to a wide range of opportunities for use.

scholarly journals Living in a leisure town: residential reactions to the growth of popular tourism in Southend, 1870–1890

Urban History ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID CHURCHILL
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Small Town ◽  
Social Perceptions ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
The Social ◽  
Resort Towns ◽  
The Town

ABSTRACT:While historical interest in the seaside has grown appreciably in recent times, much of the literature remains preoccupied with issues specific to resort towns. This article examines the social dynamics of the seaside town more broadly, through a study of Southend residents in the 1870s and 1880s. It analyses their discussions of working-class tourists and the industries which catered for them, before examining attempts to regulate the use of public space in the town. This is a study of rapid urbanization in a small town, and how social perceptions and relations were reconfigured in this context.

scholarly journals TARSKY DISTRICT AND HIS EMPLOYEES IN THE FIRST THIRD OF THE XVIII CENTURY

2019 ◽  
pp. 72-81
Author(s):  
V. D. Puzanov
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Social Group ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Social World ◽  
The State ◽  
Military Force ◽  
Xviii Century ◽  
Privileged Position ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Town

The article examines the situation of Tara uyezd and service people who lived in the town of Tara in the first third of the 18th century. The research relies on such archival materials as responses of officials of Tara uyezd who completed to Prof. G.F. Miller’s questionnaire, books and tables of Siberian prikaz on the servitors in Siberia, and materials from the Senate fund. The article provides data on the town of Tara and Tara uyezd in the 1730s. Tara had a near-border position. A large Oirat state -Dzungar Khanate - was located to the south of Tara, and noble Oirat nomads collected tribute from the Turkic population of the uyezd. The reforms of Peter I made profound changes in the social world of Siberia. In the first third of the 18th century, the composition of the uyezd’s population was significantly altered. A new social group raznochintsy was formed of the relatives of servitors and clergy, and a large part of Tara’s service people were transferred to the garrison regiments of Siberia and the Orenburg governorate. The conflict between Tara’s horse Cossacks and captain Yakov Cheredov is indicative and important for understanding the service in favor of the state at that time. The Cheredovs were a deep-rooted clan of Russian service people who had lived in Tara since its founding. The Cheredovs held a number of important offices in Tara, and many of them became Boyar scions and nobles. After the 1722 Tara Rebellion, in which the Cheredovs played a significant role, they lost their privileged position and became raznochintsy . The ‘old’ service people who were nobles, Boyar scions and Cossacks remained the main military force in Siberian uyezds after the reforms. However, their dependence on the state increased. New garrison regiments in the region were formed in the 1730s, mostly of ‘old’ service people.

scholarly journals Social organisation of the Cape Mountain Zebra Equus Z. Zebra in the Mountain Zebra National Park*

Koedoe ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L Penzhorn
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Principal Components Analysis ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
National Park ◽  
Dominance Hierarchy ◽  
Social Organisation ◽  
Family Ties ◽  
The Social ◽  
Components Analysis

The social structure of Cape mountain zebras con- sists of breeding herds of one stallion, one to five mares and their offspring, as well as bachelor groups. Breeding herds remain stable over many years and when the stallion is displaced by another, the mares remain together. A dominance hierarchy exists, but leadership is random. Foals leave their maternal herds at a mean age of 22,3 months. The herd stallion tries to prevent the foals from leaving the herd. Bachelor groups are not as well defined as breeding herds, but core groups could be identified through a principal components analysis ordination. Family ties may be important in the establishment of core groups. Bachelors succeed in becoming herd stallions when about five years old. Aspects of the possible evolution of the social structure are discussed.

scholarly journals ANALISIS METAFORA PENDIDIKAN DAN PERKEMBANGAN SOSIOEMOSIONAL TOKOH UTAMA FILM “BEAUTY AND THE BEAST” VERSI LIVE-ACTION

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-135
Author(s):  
Prima Dona Hapsari ◽  
F.A. Wisnu Wirawan
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Emotional Development ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Main Character ◽  
French Society ◽  
Beauty And The Beast ◽  
Book Discussion ◽  
The Social ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Live Action

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya perbedaan konsep pendidikan yang terjadi di struktur sosial masyarakat Perancis pada abad ke-18. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan analisis metafora pendidikan dan perkembangan sosioemosional sang tokoh utama film “Beauty and the Beast” versi live-action, Belle. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif, dengan studi kepustakaan mengambil teori-teori utama, yakni teori metafora pendidikan dan perkembangan sosioemosional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metafora pendidikan digambarkan secara jelas oleh tokoh utama dalam kaitannya dengan buku, perpustakaan, pendampingan membaca, dan book discussion. Hal ini pada akhirnya membawa pengaruh baik bagi kondisi masyarakat saat itu. Perkembangan sosioemosional tokoh utama berkaitan pula dengan mikrosistem, mesosistem, dan makrosistem yang menjadi satu rangkaian proses perkembangan aspek psikososialnya, yaitu kepercayaan, otonomi, inisiatif, rajin, identitas, dan keintiman. ABSTRACTAnalysis on Educational Metaphors and Socio-emotional Development of Live-Action Version “Beauty and the Beast” Main Character. This research was encouraged by the differences in the concept of education that occurred in the social structure of French society in the 18th century. This study aims to provide an analysis on educational metaphors and socio-emotional development of live-action version “Beauty and the Beast”, the main character, Belle. This research is a qualitative descriptive one, applying the theory of educational metaphor and socio-emotional development. The results showed that the main character clearly described the educational metaphor by doing many activities in relation to books, libraries, reading assistance, and book discussion. These brought good influence to the condition of the community at that time. Microsystems, mesosystems, and macrosystems related the main character to socio-emotional development. They led to be a series of processes in the development of psychosocial aspects, namely trust, autonomy, initiative, diligence, identity, and intimacy.

Captains of the Revolution

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe Carlen
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Revolution

The Industrial Revolution that began in 18th-century Britain would, in fairly short order, transform Western Europe, North America, and other regions of the world irreversibly. This momentous change would compel government, church, and other institutions to make unprecedented and often reluctant adjustments to the social structure. These entities were reacting to a revolution but who actually instigated it? Savvy and inventive British entrepreneurs did—the “captains” of new industries. Many of these remarkable figures and their often unintended impact on the world around them are discussed in this chapter.

scholarly journals Surfing the Public Square: On Worldlessness, Social Media, and the Dissolution of the Polis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 668-678
Author(s):  
Sue Spaid
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Public Space ◽  
The Political ◽  
Human Relationships ◽  
Private Space ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Square ◽  
The Social ◽  
Private And Public

AbstractThis paper employs Hannah Arendt’s characterization of the social, which lacks location and mandates conformity, to evaluate social media’s: a) challenge to the polis, b) relationship to the social, b) influence on private space, d) impact on public space, and e) virus-like capacity to capture, mimic, and replicate the agonistic polis, where “everything [is] decided through words and persuasion and not through force and violence.” Using Arendt’s exact language, this paper begins by discussing how she differentiated the political, private, social, and public realms. After explaining how online activities resemble (or not) her notion of the social, I demonstrate how the rise of the social, which she characterized as dominated by behavior (not action), ruled by nobody and occurring nowhere, continues to eclipse both private and public space at an alarming pace. Finally, I discuss the ramifications of social media’s setting the stage for worldlessness to spin out of control, as the public square becomes an intangible web. Unlike an Arendtian web of worldly human relationships that fosters individuality and enables excellence to be publicly tested, social media feeds a craving for kinship and connection, however remotely. Leaving such needs unfulfilled, social media risks to trump bios politicos.

scholarly journals Thread/Warp

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Logico Cruz ◽  
Blonski Campos Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Domestic Space ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Private Space ◽  
The Public ◽  
Video Cameras ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Public Exposure

Thread/Warp was an online durational performance that investigated into the idea of stamina amidst our performance-obsessed, techno-contemporary world. Performed live on July 14 in a span of 12 hours via Zoom (and occasionally streamed via Facebook Live), Thread/Warp featured two performers in separate screen windows as they navigated the spectacle and exploitation of their bodies in two intersecting spaces: 1) the confines and confidentiality of their private domestic space(s); and 2) the expansive and exposing nature of the public space via their relationship with the video cameras.  Thread/Warp sought to explore what it meant to sustain energy, tenacity, resilience, and patience—especially in a climate wherein we are relentlessly expected to perform beyond what’s necessary; to tirelessly create infinite yet exhausted spectacles of both our physical and virtual bodies; and to constantly amplify our human stamina in order to brutally compete with the stamina of technology itself.  To put the concept into methodical exploration, this project utilized the concept of space as a crucial stimulus in conditioning one’s body to perform beyond what’s necessary. Specifically, the project took into account two spaces that had radically shaped our relationship with stamina —the private and the public—no longer as two distinct and separate entities, but rather as spheres that constantly intersect, overlap, blur, and at times even trade with one another. Firstly was the method on the private space, in which Thread/Warp examined the shifting conditions of the private domestic space—from a supposed place of rest and rejuvenation to a place of perpetual labor and recycled productions—and how these unprecedented  changes either deflate or escalate our stamina. Secondly was the method on public space, in which the project investigated how public exposure (via Zoom and Facebook Live) radically maneuvered our sense of stamina, and how this further warped and manipulated our relationship with rest, recuperation, production, performance, labor, and ultimately, individual purpose and meaning. By considering the interjections of the private and public space, the project explored how this further affected tremendous change in the dynamic, potency, and frailty in the performer’s body. 

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