scholarly journals Kairos in Innovation Policy

Triple Helix ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-51
Author(s):  
Michael Rothgang ◽  
Bernhard Lageman
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Triple Helix ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Critical Force ◽  
Cluster Policy ◽  
Innovation Research ◽  
Human Individual

Abstract A kairos constellation designates a temporarily existing opportunity for a group of actors to take advantage of a coincidence of favourable circumstances in order to realise a shared target. Starting from the observation that kairos constellations are ubiquitous in human individual and social life, the research question of this paper is how the Triple Helix and the wider innovation policy research literature deals with such constellations. The authors develop a conceptual framework for kairos constellations and discuss empirical evidence that kairos constellations have been scrutinized in innovation research literature. Then, the concept is applied to an example from the Triple Helix – based cluster policy. The key message of this paper is that Triple Helix researchers should systematically study kairos constellations because they are a critical force in the evolution of innovations systems as well as business firms, which has not yet been systematically examined.

scholarly journals Commonalities and Differences of Cluster Policy of Asian Countries; Discussion on Cluster Open Innovation

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Michał Kowalski ◽  
Marta Mackiewicz
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Cluster Structure ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Cluster Policy ◽  
Cluster Development

The article aims at investigating the commonalities and differences between cluster policies in selected East Asian and Southeast Asian countries: Thailand, Singapore, South Korea, and China, to outline the Asian model of a cluster policy. Clusters play a significant role in the economic development of these countries, and some practical experiences from Asia may be used to shape the cluster policy in the recovery process after the COVID-19 pandemic. The conducted research contributes to a better understanding of the cluster formation process, cluster development, and policy aims in the analyzed countries. In Singapore and South Korea, which are among the most innovative countries in the global economy, cluster policy is to a great extent part of innovation policy, focusing on facilitating the networking and cooperation between science and business, the flow of knowledge, transfer of technology, and developing innovative technologies of key economic importance. In China and Thailand, which are developing countries, there is a much stronger role of foreign direct investments, which take the central place in the cluster structure. However, one common characteristic of cluster development patterns in all the analyzed countries is a top-down approach, where clusters are emerging and developing mostly as a result of governmental decisions and public programs.

La politica dei Cluster in Europa: tendenze e criticitŕ emergenti

ARGOMENTI ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 99-122
Author(s):  
Alessandro Minello
Keyword(s):  
European Commission ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Triple Helix ◽  
Cluster Policy ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Complex Adaptive

- Cluster policy today represent one of the main elements of the European agenda, both for policy makers and for practitioners. In the last decade an extensive-type cluster policy has produced a proliferation of clusters all over the Europe, but the generated quality of clusters created has not always been quite satisfactory. Following the input by the European commission, currently is underway a qualitative review of the goals and processes of European cluster policy. This paper aims at presenting such changes in the European cluster policy, beside the main lessons that can be learned. The analysis emphasizes some critical elements of the current process of "clustering" and highlights the role of the institutions, besides the market, in the planning of new clusters and the strengthening of those existing. The final message is that Europe needs a better cluster policy, rather than more clusters, according to the growing complexity and dynamism of clusters.Parole chiave: cluster, politica dei cluster, approccio triple-helix, sistemi adattivi complessi.Keywords: cluster, cluster policy, triple helix approach, complex adaptive systems.

Rejoinder: Contradictions and Irony in Policy Research

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Morales ◽  
Steven Balkin ◽  
Joseph Persky
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Real World ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Policy Decisions ◽  
Negative Effects

We have been stimulated by this exchange on both personal and intellectual levels. Intellectual pursuits have been subdivided by scholars with various interests. However, specialization is not in itself an evil, except when it constrains fruitful analysis of empirical issues that have real-world implications for social policy and people's lives. Problems of social life and social policy typically speak to and provoke scholars of all kinds. Hence opportunities to investigate empirical interests from a variety of perspectives are opportunities forus all to learn the strengths and limitations of our tools. We wish this kind of discussion about the importance of the informal sector and marketplaces had occurred before the destruction of the Maxwell Street Market. This exchange might have further informed policy decisions and perhaps avoided some of the negative effects of dismantling the market. Nonetheless, we thank those who commented for their thoughtful responses. We agree with many but not all of their views, as the responses below suggest. Our methodology involved integrating ethnography and analytical economics; throughout, we have tried to strike a reasonable balance between analysis and participation.

scholarly journals Critical Analysis of Athlete Retirement from Sport

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Milda Treigienė ◽  
Saulius Šukys
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Athletic Identity ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Scientific Practical ◽  
Career Termination

Object of the analysis. Investigation problem. Athletes' retirement from sports activities and their life after the end of their sports career is relevant in scientific, practical and social terms. The purpose of this study was to provide an overview of scientific studies on athletes’ retirement from sport and how it relates to their life after their carrier in sports.Research methods. The analysis of scientific literature revealed that the main reasons for athletes to finish their careers in sports were trauma, health-related problems or age. Retirement can also be associated with family or family planning. Sports career termination is discussed in two ways, when one retires from sport voluntarily and when one is forced to do so. Voluntary retirement for athletes is usually a planned event and thus most often it does not have a negative impact on their future life. These athletes tend to choose a family over their sports carriers, continue their education or go to work in sports related sectors. Another important factor is athletic identity. Athletes with strong athletic identity during their sports careers tend to have better social life after their retirement. These athletes also tend to have a strong athletic identity after their careers, thus they are less likely to experience stress or depressive symptoms due to their sports career termination. Forced retirement from sports career is usually due to career-ending injuries. Such career outcome is associated with greater short-term and long-term problems in the post-sport transition period. Since athletic careers are strongly controlled by others, the unforeseen outcomes of an unexpected sports career termination results in negative consequences that are related to increased personal responsibility for their further actions. This becomes a greater problem for those athletes that have a higher level of athletic identity as it results in anxiety and depression. Therefore, forced retirement from a sports career is considered to be the most troublesome and worrying problem in the field.Outcomes and conclusions An examination of research literature focused on athlete’s retirement suggests that termination of a sports career is an important event the consequences of which depend on whether it ends by own choice or not. Since the planned retirement from the sports career is less challenging, it is important to help athletes prepare for this stage of their lives. Additionally, it is crucial to focus all efforts on creating a support system for athletes who were forced to end their athletic careers.Keywords: athletic carrier, retirement, life after sport.

scholarly journals Balzac: An Artist and an Entrepreneur

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Gelmini
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Living System ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Profound Knowledge ◽  
Financial Perspective ◽  
The Social ◽  
Business Perspective ◽  
Entire Universe ◽  
Contrary Direction

Balzac has been widely regarded as one of the greatest storytellers of humanity; his ability to describe an entire universe of characters makes his work a real living system, truly devoted to an ambitious project. At the same time his sparkling and puzzled existence is itself a novel.As such, analyzing some key moments in Balzac's life, from a specific financial standpoint and business perspective, allows us to better understand the genesis of his work: and vice versa.In effect, the main research question of this paper is to identify some key moments in Balzac's life that have affected him from a financial perspective and that have drawn him to a mature and profound knowledge of the social and economic mechanisms, essential for writing his great masterpieces.At the same time, and on the contrary direction, attention will be devoted to some of his novels that have a clear economic and financial plot: as above, they certainly have emerged from the knowledge of the social life in France in the nineteenth century via his daily vicissitudes.

scholarly journals Protocol for a scoping review study to identify and map treatments for dysphagia following moderate to severe acquired brain injury

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e029061
Author(s):  
Signe Janum Eskildsen ◽  
Daniela Jakobsen ◽  
Christian Gunge Riberholt ◽  
Ingrid Poulsen ◽  
Derek John Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Acquired Brain Injury ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Severe Acquired Brain Injury ◽  
Dysphagia Treatment

IntroductionDysphagia is highly prevalent in patients with acquired brain injury (ABI) and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. However, dysphagia management varies greatly between units and internationally, and there is currently no consensus, standard intervention or treatment. A review mapping the existing literature on dysphagia treatment is needed. In this paper, the protocol for a scoping review to identify and map dysphagia treatment following ABI is outlined.ObjectiveThe objective of the scoping review is to systematically map the existing research literature to answer the research question:Which non-surgical, non-pharmacological interventions are used in the treatment of dysphagia in patients with moderate and severe acquired brain injury in the acute and subacute phase?Methods and analysisThe methodological framework for the study is based on methodology by Arksey and O’Malley and methodological advancement by Levacet al. We will search electronic databases in June 2019: MEDLINE (Ovid); Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, The Cochrane Library); EMBASE (Ovid); CINAHL (EBSCO); PsycINFO; Science Citation Index Expanded on Web of Science; OTseeker; Speechbite and PEDro. The search terms will be limited to patients with moderate to severe ABI and dysphagia. Four review authors will independently conduct an initial screening of title and abstract and subsequent full-text review of included studies. Data will be extracted and summarised in diagrammatic or tabular form (numerical summary), and a descriptive format (narrative summary). The strategy for data synthesis entails qualitative methods to categorise the interventions based on the treatment modality and subgroup diagnosis.Ethics and disseminationScoping the existing literature will provide a foundation for further evaluating and developing our dysphagia treatment and inform future studies assessing the effectiveness of treatments. The review is part of an ongoing expansive research into dysphagia. The results will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication and conference presentations.

scholarly journals Quadruple Helix Models for Sustainable Regional Innovation: Engaging and Facilitating Civil Society Participation

Economies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Roman ◽  
Henry Varga ◽  
Vladimir Cvijanovic ◽  
Alasdair Reid
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Quadruple Helix ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Innovation Research ◽  
Entrepreneurial Discovery ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Civil Society Participation ◽  
Smart Specialization ◽  
Research And Policy

Prior research has emphasized the importance of bringing together quadruple helix (QH) actors (academia, industry, government and civil society) to strengthen regional innovation. The QH model forms an integral part of European innovation policy, which aims to create sustainable and inclusive growth in Europe. As part of this policy, European Union (EU) regions are to design and implement research and innovation strategies for smart specialization (RIS3) through the participatory entrepreneurial discovery process (EDP). Despite the strong emphasis on the QH model, the model is still far from a well-established concept in innovation research and policy, and civil society participation in RIS3 has remained low. Our paper aims to support regional governments to engage with and facilitate the participation of civil society in a territorial EDP based on two case studies from Finland and Sweden. It contributes to the literature on regional innovation systems through identifying mechanisms to foster the QH model and suggests lessons learnt for the operationalization of the QH model as part of RIS3.

scholarly journals Systematic Literature Reviews: An Introduction

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1633-1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Lame
Keyword(s):  
Design Research ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Public Policy Research ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
Sr Method

AbstractSystematic literature reviews (SRs) are a way of synthesising scientific evidence to answer a particular research question in a way that is transparent and reproducible, while seeking to include all published evidence on the topic and appraising the quality of this evidence. SRs have become a major methodology in disciplines such as public policy research and health sciences. Some have advocated that design research should adopt the method. However, little guidance is available. This paper provides an overview of the SR method, based on the literature in health sciences. Then, the rationale for SRs in design research is explored, and four recent examples of SRs in design research are analysed to illustrate current practice. Foreseen challenges in taking forward the SR method in design research are highlighted, and directions for developing a SR method for design research are proposed. It is concluded that SRs hold potential for design research and could help us in addressing some important issues, but work is needed to define what review methods are appropriate for each type of research question in design research, and to adapt guidance to our own needs and specificities.

The Effects of Mental Practice on Motor Skill Learning and Performance: A Meta-analysis

1983 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah L. Feltz ◽  
Daniel M. Landers
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skill ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Mental Practice ◽  
Skill Learning ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Average Effect ◽  
Subsequent Performance ◽  
Clear Cut

A longstanding research question in the sport psychology literature has been whether a given amount of mental practice prior to performing a motor skill will enhance one's subsequent performance. The research literature, however, has not provided any clear-cut answers to this question and this has prompted the present, more comprehensive review of existing research using the meta-analytic strategy proposed by Glass (1977). From the 60 studies yielding 146 effect sizes the overall average effect size was .48, which suggests, as did Richardson (1967a), that mentally practicing a motor skill influences performance somewhat better than no practice at all. Effect sizes were also compared on a number of variables thought to moderate the effects of mental practice. Results from these comparisons indicated that studies employing cognitive tasks had larger average effect sizes than motor or strength tasks and that published studies had larger average effect sizes than unpublished studies. These findings are discussed in relation to several existing explanations for mental practice and four theoretical propositions are advanced.

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