Gas chromatographic methods coupled to mass spectrometry detection of leaf extracts of Symplocos racemosa Roxb.

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-286
Author(s):  
Dattatreya Kar ◽  
Hiramanjari Barik ◽  
Ananya Kuanar ◽  
Sangeeta Mukhi ◽  
Pratap K. Pattnaik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
Novel Drug ◽  
Chloroform Methanol ◽  
Important Medicinal Plant ◽  
Symplocos Racemosa

Abstract Symplocos racemosa Roxb., belonging to the family Symplocaceae, is an important medicinal plant. Chemometric profile of chloroform, methanol and ethanol leaf extracts of S. racemosa were performed by hyphenated gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) technique. Chemometric profile of leaf extracts revealed the presence of 57 phyto-chemotypes, among them, Erucylamide (15.94%), Vitamin E (8.26%), 10-Heneicosene (8.97%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (5.21%), 1-Heneicosyl formate (5.11%), Tetracosanol (5.36%), 2,4-Hexanedione, 5,5-dimethyl- (11.94%), Linoleic acid (19.30%), Dibutyl phthalate (8.8%) and (Z)-9-Octadecenamide (19.33%) were found to be present in major amount. Eventually, in the present study we have found phenol, alcohol, ketone, alkane and ester as the major group of phytochemotypes in the different leaf extracts of S. racemosa. All these compounds identified by GC/MS analysis were further investigated for their biological activities and it was found that they possess a diverse range of positive pharmacological actions. In future, isolation of individual phyto-chemotypes and subjecting them to biological activity will definitely prove fruitful results in designing a novel drug.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF THE LEAVES OF LEUCAENA LEUCOCEPHALA FROM MALAYSIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Zaky Zayed ◽  
Benedict Samling
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Mass Spectra ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Major Chemical

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study was conducted to identify the phytochemical constituents of <em>Leucaena leucocephala</em> leaf extracts using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Hexane, petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol leaves extract of <em>L. leucocephala</em> were analyzed using GC-MS, while the mass spectra of the compounds found in the extract were matched with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) library.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GC-MS analysis of <em>L. leucocephala</em> leaves revealed the presence of 30 compounds and the major chemical constituents were Squalene (41.02%), Phytol (33.80%), 3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol (30.86%) and 3,7,11-Tridecatrienenitrile, 4,8,12-trimethyl (25.64%). Some of these compounds have been reported to possess various biological activities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, antiparasitic, insecticide, nematicide, pesticide, anti coronary, antiarthritic, antiandrogenic, hypocholesterolemic, cancer preventive, anti-cancer, analgesic, anesthetic, allergenic and etc.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study indicating that<em> L.</em> <em>leucocephala</em> leaves possess various potent bioactive compounds and is recommended as a plant of phytopharmaceutical importance.</p>

scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis and Potential Biological Activities of Essential Oil from Rice Leaf

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Truong Minh ◽  
Tran Xuan ◽  
Truong Van ◽  
Yusuf Andriana ◽  
Tran Viet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Methyl Ricinoleate ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Rice Leaf ◽  
Rice Leaves

Although many investigations on phytochemicals in rice plant parts and root exudates have been conducted, information on the chemical profile of essential oil (EO) and potent biological activities has been limited. In this study, chemical compositions of rice leaf EO and in vitro biological activities were investigated. From 1.5 kg of fresh rice leaves, an amount of 20 mg EO was obtained by distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), electrospray ionization (ESI), and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) to reveal the presence of twelve volatile constituents, of which methyl ricinoleate (27.86%) was the principal compound, followed by palmitic acid (17.34%), and linolenic acid (11.16%), while 2-pentadecanone was the least (2.13%). Two phytoalexin momilactones A and B were first time identified in EO using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray mass spectrometry (UPLC/ESI-MS) (9.80 and 4.93 ng/g fresh weight, respectively), which accounted for 7.35% and 3.70% of the EO, respectively. The assays of DPPH (IC50 = 73.1 µg/mL), ABTS (IC50 = 198.3 µg/mL), FRAP (IC50 = 700.8 µg/mL) and β-carotene oxidation (LPI = 79%) revealed that EO possessed an excellent antioxidant activity. The xanthine oxidase assay indicated that the anti-hyperuricemia potential was in a moderate level (IC50 = 526 µg/mL) as compared with the standard allopurinol. The EO exerted potent inhibition on growth of Raphanus sativus, Lactuca sativa, and two noxious weeds Echinochloa crus-galli, and Bidens pilosa, but in contrast, the growth of rice seedlings was promoted. Among the examined plants, the growth of the E. crus-galli root was the most inhibited, proposing that constituents found in EO may have potential for the control of the problematic paddy weed E. crus-galli. It was found that the EO of rice leaves contained rich phytochemicals, which were potent in antioxidants and gout treatment, as well as weed management. Findings of this study highlighted the potential value of rice leaves, which may provide extra benefits for rice farmers.

scholarly journals Bioactivity and Volatile Profiling of Azadirachta indica Leaves for the Management of Maize Weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.) Infestations

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.G.W.U. Perera ◽  
M.M.S.C. Karunaratne ◽  
S.D.M. Chinthaka
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Solid Phase Micro Extraction ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Maize Weevil ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Wide Range

Neem (Azadirachta indica A. juss), is known to possess a wide range of pharmacological properties and is thus commercially exploitable. Apart from its medicinal potential, a considerable progress has been achieved regarding biological potential and chemical composition of the leaves which is an ever-increasing interest to the scientific community. During this study, biological phenomena and secondary metabolite composition of A. indica leaves were examined in the management of Sitophilus zeamais on stored maize. Insecticidal and repellent potential of A. indica leaf powders were evaluated in both contact and fumigant forms. Phytochemical screening of 11 phyto constituents was performed following the standard procedures for n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol and aqueous leaf extracts. Volatile profile of A. indica leaves was characterized by employing headspace-solid-phase micro extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS). Over 60% weevil repellency was recorded at doses above 23.33%, whereas 100% and 67% contact and fumigation mortalities were observed respectively, 9 days after treatment at the dose of 33.33% and the respected LD50 values were 1.56 g and 4.48 g. Thirty two volatile compounds were identified in three distinct chemical classes (Monoterpenoid, sesquiterpenoid and purine nucleosides). γ-Elemene (24.06%), 3,7 (11)-eudesmadiene (6.83%), caryophyllene (6.40%), and 10s,11s-himachala-3(12),4-diene (6.36%) were the major constituents of neem leaf volatiles, followed by other compounds present in less than 4% which might be responsible for varied biological activities observed. Thus the odour impact of the bioassayguided study clearly implies that A. indica leaves can be harnessed against S. zeamais infestations.Keywords: Azadirachta indica, Sitophilus zeamais, headspace-solid-phase micro-extraction, insecticidal activity, repellency

Identification of Bioactive Phytocomponents of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Enhalus acoroides by Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 6511-6515
Author(s):  
S. Navaith Ahmed ◽  
P. Kalaivani ◽  
P. Amudha ◽  
B. Usharani
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Enhalus Acoroides ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

Sea grass are good source of potent drug which has medicinal properties and able to cure human disease. One such marine plant is the Enhalus acoroides which belong to hydrocharitaeceae family. This marine species are widely distributed in the tropics of Indian and western Pacific Ocean and the species were collected from Ramanathapuram district for further process. This study reveals about the bioactive components present in Enhalus acoroides and identified its biological activity by Gas chromatography Mass spectrometry analysis using hydroalcoholic extract. The compounds present in Enhalus acoroides are Benzoic acid, 2- methyl 7- oxa bicyclol heptanes, 1, 3 Nonadiene, silane, ethoxytriethyl. Biological activities of the compounds present in the sample include antioxidant, hypocholesterolemic, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, antiviral and anti-hepatotoxic effect.

scholarly journals GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY–MASS SPECTROMETRY ANALYSIS OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF ZANTHOXYLUM RHETSA DC. FRUITS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 247
Author(s):  
Kuladip Gurav ◽  
Varsha Jadhav (rathod)
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Hexadecanoic Acid ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

Objective: The aim was to investigate important bioactive compounds, biological activities, and medicinal importance of Zanthoxylum rhetsa fruits.Methods: The present work was carried out by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method for the identification of different compounds.Result: The methanolic extract of fruits showed 32 chemical compounds which are identified through GC-MS analysis. Among them, some of the compound names and percentage values are as follows: 2-propanone, 1,3-dihydroxy (48.9%), 4H-pyran-4-one,2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl (33.7%), 2-furancarboxaldehyde, 5-[hydroxymethyl] (50.2%), 1-Heptatriacontanol (34.4%), 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (zz)- (48.6%), cholestan- 3-ol,2-methylene, [3β,5α] (75.0%), 4H-pyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl (90.8), 2-furancarboxaldehyde, 5-[hydroxymethyl] (92.0%), hydroquinone (64.9%), n-hexadecanoic acid (37.5%), octadecanoic acid (28.2%), 9,12,15, octadecatrienoic acid, 2-[(trimethylsiyl]oxy]-1- [(trimethylsiyl]oxy]methyl] ethyl ester, [zzz] (22.6%), 9-hexadecanoic acid (10.3%), digitoxin (18.8%), 8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid methyl ester, [zzz] (25.5%), and oleic acid (16.5%). Most of the identified compounds in the crude methanolic extracts exhibit some bioactivities, namely anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, hypocholesterolemic, nematicide, pesticide, anti-androgenic flavor, hemolytic, 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor, insectifuge, antiarthritic, anti-coronary, cardiovascular, anti-breast cancer, aromatic, and insectifuge. On the basis of the above investigation, the fruits can be recommended as a treasure of bioactive compounds and it plays a promising role in herbal medicine.Conclusion: The present study reveals that fruits of Z. rhetsa contain various bioactive compounds. Digitoxin is recorded in the ripened fruit of Z. rhetsa and it shows the anticancerous and cardiac arrest properties. Hence, in future, this plant will play a promising role in curing cancer.

scholarly journals Salvia ceratophylla L. from South of Jordan: new insights on chemical composition and biological activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 307-316
Author(s):  
Mohammad Sanad Abu-Darwish ◽  
Célia Cabral ◽  
Zulfigar Ali ◽  
Mei Wang ◽  
Shabana I. Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
No Production ◽  
Main Constituent ◽  
Microbial Infections

Abstract In Jordan, Salvia ceratophylla L. is traditionally used in the treatment of cancer, microbial infections, and urinary disorders. This study aimed: (1) to chemically characterize S. ceratophylla essential oil (EO) from South Jordan, by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS); and (2) to evaluate in vitro the cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and antiprotozoal activities of the EO, it’s predominant components, and the hexane (A), ethyl acetate (B), methanol (C) and crude-methanol extracts (D). The analysis revealed that the EO has 71 compounds, with linalool (54.8%) as main constituent. Only the hexane extract (A) showed some cytotoxic activity against SK-MEL, KB, BT-549, SK-OV-3, LLC-PK1 and VERO cells lines with IC50 between 60 and > 100 µg/mL. The EO inhibited NO production (IC50 90 µg/mL) and NF-κB activity (IC50 38 µg/mL). The extracts A, B, and D inhibited NO production and NF- κB activity with IC50 between 32 and 150 µg/mL. Linalool considerably inhibited NO production (IC50 18 µg/mL). The extracts tested did not exhibit antileishmanial activity. Regarding antitrypanosomal activity, the EO exhibited significant results with IC50 2.65 µg/mL. In conclusion, Jordan S. ceratophylla EO represents a rich source of linalool and bears a promising therapeutic potential for further antitrypanosomal drug development.

The lipid composition of cashmere goat fleece

1995 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1259 ◽  
Author(s):  
GC Hillbrick ◽  
DJ Tucker ◽  
GC Smith
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cashmere Goat ◽  
Cashmere Goats ◽  
Chloroform Methanol

This study examined the differences in the chemical composition of the lipid extracted from the fleeces of intact and gonadectomized Australian cashmere goats (Capra hircus laniger). Lipid was extracted with either petroleum ether or chloroform/methanol, and analysed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. A large number of buck specific fatty acids (29), which could be potential pheromones, were identified or tentatively identified. The fatty acid composition of buck fleece lipid is more complex than previously reported.

Hyperaccumulation of manganese in the rainforest tree Austromyrtus bidwillii (Myrtaceae) from Queensland, Australia

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sjaan D. Bidwell ◽  
Ian E. Woodrow ◽  
George N. Batianoff ◽  
Jens Sommer-Knudsen
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
The World ◽  
Molar Equivalent ◽  
Insoluble Compounds ◽  
First Time

Throughout the world, over 400 species of plants are known to accumulate large quantities of metals in their shoots (`hyperaccumulators'), but of these, relatively few accumulate manganese (Mn). We have identified for the first time an Australian native hyperaccumulator of Mn, Austromyrtus bidwillii (Benth.) Burrett (Myrtaceae). Concentrations of Mn up to 19 200 µg g-1 were measured in dried leaves of this rainforest tree, and young bark was found to contain up to 26 500 µg g-1 Mn. Approximately 40% of the Mn in the leaves is readily extracted with water, suggesting that some of the Mn is associated with water-soluble compounds such as organic acids. Organic acids present in appreciable amounts in leaf extracts of A. bidwillii were identified and quantified by HPLC and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The following organic acids (in order of concentration) were present: succinic &gt; malic ≥ malonic &gt; oxalic &gt;&gt; citric acid. The concentration of total organic acids was on average 123 000 µg g-1 dry tissue, which amounted to approximately three times the molar equivalent of Mn and two times the molar equivalent of total cations (Mn, Mg and Ca), demonstrating that organic anions were in excess. The Mn remaining after water extraction ((61 ± 3.9%) could be extracted with 0.2M HCl, suggesting that a significant portion of the Mn is associated with the cell wall (perhaps replacing Ca) or is present as other insoluble compounds.

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