Paepalanthus (Eriocaulaceae) in the Central Espinhaço Range in Minas Gerais, Brazil: checklist, endemism, and nomenclatural changes

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 367 (2) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
FABIANE NEPOMUCENO COSTA ◽  
CAROLINE OLIVEIRA ANDRINO ◽  
PAULO TAKEO SANO ◽  
MARCELO TROVÓ ◽  
LÍVIA ECHTERNACHT
Keyword(s):  
Type Specimen ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Espinhaço Range ◽  
The Third ◽  
New Synonym ◽  
The World ◽  
Center Of Diversity ◽  
Brazilian Flora ◽  
Main Center

The Espinhaço Range in Brazil is one of the richest regions in the world in plant species. It is also the main center of diversity and endemism of many taxa, including Paepalanthus. This genus is the second largest in Eriocaulaceae, and the third largest genus of the Brazilian flora. This work aims to survey the Paepalanthus richness in the Central Espinhaço Range in Minas Gerais. A checklist of 116 Paepalanthus species and two varieties is presented here, with data and comments about richness, endemism, and conservation, together with a new synonym for Paepalanthus bonsai and a new combination for Actinocephalus, both endemic species. Among the 116 recorded species, 56 occur inside at least one Protected Area, 54 are endemic to the Central Espinhaço Range in Minas Gerais, of which 17 are micro-endemic. Ten species known only from the type specimen or poorly known were rediscovered, while 15 species remain known only from the type. The novelties presented here result from extensive and intensive field efforts, but there are areas of difficult access that remain poorly explored. Further investigation in these areas might lead to the discovery of unknown and rare species.

Three new species of Encholirium (Bromeliaceae) from eastern Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 227 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaela Campostrini Forzza ◽  
Elton Leme
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
South American ◽  
Campos Rupestres ◽  
Espinhaço Range ◽  
The Third ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Center Of Diversity ◽  
Three New Species

Encholirium is an exclusively Brazilian genus of Bromeliaceae that occurs principally in the South American dry diagonal, with only a few species found on inselbergs within the Atlantic Forest. The center of diversity of the genus falls within the Campos Rupestres of the Espinhaço Range of the state of Minas Gerais, followed by rocky outcrops found within the Caatinga and Cerrado biomes. Three new species are described and illustrated, two of which occur on limestone outcrops in western Bahia (Encholirum splendidum and Encholirium fragae), while the third, Encholirium kranzianum, occurs in the Campos Rupestres of the Espinhaço Range of Minas Gerais.

A review of Indian species of Phrynocaria Timberlake (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) with notes on synonymy and a new species from South India, hitherto misidentified as Coelophora circumusta (Mulsant)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4926 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-133
Author(s):  
J. POORANI ◽  
H. SANKARARAMAN ◽  
S. S. ANUSREE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
South India ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Indian Species ◽  
Limited Distribution ◽  
New Synonym ◽  
A New Species

Indian species of Phrynocaria Timberlake, 1943 (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) are briefly reviewed and illustrated with notes on diagnosis, nomenclature, distribution and hosts. Coelophora circumusta (Mulsant, 1850), which has a limited distribution in India, is transferred to Phrynocaria (new combination) and Coelophora moseri Weise, 1902 is synonymized with it (new synonym). A new species, Phrynocaria perfida Poorani, sp. n. (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) is described from South India based on specimens hitherto misidentified as a variety of C. circumusta. The validity of Phrynocaria funebris (Crotch, 1874) is confirmed based on examination and dissection of the type specimen; the species is redescribed and the male genitalia illustrated. 

scholarly journals Taxonomic Review of theCaudatella heterocaudata(McDunnough) andC. hystrix(Traver) Complexes (Insecta: Ephemeroptera: Ephemerellidae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke M. Jacobus
Keyword(s):  
Type Specimen ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Western Montana ◽  
Type Material ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Taxonomic Review ◽  
New Synonym ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Comparative Examination

Caudatella columbiella(McDunnough, 1935), new combination, (Insecta: Ephemeroptera: Ephemerellidae) is removed from synonymy withCaudatella heterocaudata(McDunnough, 1929), and a new junior synonym is recognized, based on comparative examination of type material and larval exuviae associated with adults from the type locale ofC. columbiella(=C. californica(Allen and Edmunds, 1961), new status, new synonym).Caudatella circia(Allen and Edmunds, 1961), new status, is recognized as a strict specific synonym ofC. heterocaudata(McDunnough, 1929) (=C. circia(Allen and Edmunds, 1961), new synonym). A neotype is designated forCaudatella hystrix(Traver, 1934), based on a specimen collected in Western Montana, USA, during June 2000. Morphological differences between the type specimen ofC. hystrixand the type specimens of its two junior synonyms,Ephemerella cascadiaAllen and Edmunds, 1961, andE. spinosaMayo, 1952, are detailed. An identification key for larvae of the genusCaudatellais included.

Taxonomic notes and new synonyms on Brazilian Macromitrium Bridel (Bryophyta, Orthotrichaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 454 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-225
Author(s):  
DAIANE VALENTE VALENTE ◽  
DENILSON FERNANDES PERALTA ◽  
RENATO XAVIER ARAÚJO PRUDÊNCIO ◽  
PAULO EDUARDO AGUIAR SARAIVA CÂMARA
Keyword(s):  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Important Data ◽  
Flora Of Brazil ◽  
The Third ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
The World ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
Brazilian Flora

Brazil is a megadiverse country that intends to catalog all its flora by 2020. Therefore, knowledge about taxonomy and the correct identification of species is essential for accessing the real species biodiversity. Macromitrium (Orthotrichaceae) is considered the third largest moss genus in the world and with the majority of its species distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. For Brazil 64 species have been cited, but 44 remain as unknown to the Brazilian flora. The aim of this work was to check all 64 names of Brazilian Macromitrium helping to clarify its validity and correct identification. Type specimens from 14 herbaria were studied using optical microscopy. After this analysis 22% are good species, 54% are synonymous of others species; 13% are excluded from the Brazilian flora and 11% were not possible to check. This work contributed to clarify the diversity of Macromitrium in Brazil, contributing to the knowledge of bryophytes and important data for the flora of Brazil 2020.

Two new species of Ophrynopus Konow, 1897 (Hymenoptera: Orussidae), with a new definition of the genus

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4790 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-137
Author(s):  
LARS VILHELMSEN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Taxa ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Data Set ◽  
New Synonym ◽  
The World ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Taxonomic Changes ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Existing Data

Two species of Orussidae are described: Ophrynopus rufocephalus new species and Ophrynopus savinai new species. The new taxa are analyzed with an existing data set for the Orussidae of the world. The results of the analyses indicate that the generic classification within the ophrynopine clade needs to be adjusted. Argentophrynopus Vilhelmsen & D.R. Smith, 2002 new synonym and Ophrella Middlekauff, 1985 new synonym are treated as junior synonyms of Ophrynopus Konow, 1897. This results in the following additional taxonomic changes: Ophrynopus amazonicus (Westwood, 1874) combination reestablished, Ophrynopus eldorado (Vilhelmsen, 2013) new combination, Ophrynopus enigmus (Vilhelmsen & D.R. Smith, 2002) new combination, Ophrynopus gauldi (Vilhelmsen & D.R. Smith, 2002) new combination, Ophrynopus seagi (Vilhelmsen, 2016) new combination. Furthermore, Ophrynopus andrei Konow, 1897 new synonym is regarded as a junior synonym of Ophrynopus fulvostigma (Westwood, 1874). A revised key to Ophrynopus spp. is presented. 

scholarly journals Species Diversity in the Leafhopper Genus Batracomorphus Lewis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Iassinae) from Qinling Mountain in Shaanxi

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 494
Author(s):  
Yulin Hu ◽  
Lili Gao ◽  
Zihan Han ◽  
Wu Dai
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
The Third ◽  
Qinling Mountain ◽  
New Synonym ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time ◽  
One New Species

The genus Batracomorphus Lewis is the third largest leafhopper genus in the world, with its greatest diversity in the Oriental region. Here, nine species of Batracomorphus, including one new species, are recorded from Shaanxi Province, China, for the first time: B. allionii (Turton), B. clavatus Cai and Shen, B. fletcheri Hu and Dai sp. nov., B. geminatus (Li and Wang), B. juno Knight, B. lateprocessus Li and Wang, B. lunatus Cai and He, B. subfuscus (Li and Wang) and B. pandarus Knight. Among them, B. juno Knight is recorded from China for the first time. One new synonym is revealed: B.nigromarginattus Cai and Shen, 1999 is a junior synonym of B. subfuscus (Li and Wang, 1993). All taxa are described, and photographs of male genitalia are given based on observations of specimens from Qinling Mountain in Shaanxi of China. A key to the species found in Qinling Mountain of Shaanxi is also provided.

Novelties in Lippia (Verbenaceae) from Minas Gerais State, Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 455 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
PEDRO HENRIQUE CARDOSO ◽  
VANESSA IMACULADA DOS REIS VALÉRIO ◽  
LUIZ MENINI NETO ◽  
MARCELO TROVÓ ◽  
FÁTIMA REGINA GONÇALVES SALIMENA
Keyword(s):  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Campos Rupestres ◽  
Conservation Assessment ◽  
Morphological Comparison ◽  
Espinhaço Range ◽  
New Synonym ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
A New Species

We describe Lippia krenakiana, a new species of Verbenaceae endemic to the campos rupestres of Espinhaço Range in Minas Gerais, Brazil. The species is mainly distinguished by the combination of ovate-deltoid leaf blades and sericeous-villous indument with sessile and pedicellate glandular trichomes. We provide a diagnosis, a morphological comparison with the most similar species, a distribution map, preliminary conservation assessment, and photos of live specimens. Additional notes on Lippia are also provided, as we designate lectotypes for L. glazioviana and L. diamantinensis, and L. violacea is proposed as a new synonym for L. rubella.

Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy of Human Red Blood Cells

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 44-45
Author(s):  
A.J. Tousimis ◽  
T.R. Padden
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Human Red Blood Cells ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Microscope Slides ◽  
Scanning Electron

The size, shape and surface morphology of human erythrocytes (RBC) were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), of the fixed material directly and by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of surface replicas to compare the relative merits of these two observational procedures for this type specimen.A sample of human blood was fixed in glutaraldehyde and washed in distilled water by centrifugation. The washed RBC's were spread on freshly cleaved mica and on aluminum coated microscope slides and then air dried at room temperature. The SEM specimens were rotary coated with 150Å of 60:40- gold:palladium alloy in a vacuum evaporator using a new combination spinning and tilting device. The TEM specimens were preshadowed with platinum and then rotary coated with carbon in the same device. After stripping the RBC-Pt-C composite film, the RBC's were dissolved in 2.5N HNO3 followed by 0.2N NaOH leaving the preshadowed surface replicas showing positive topography.

Optimum Structure of the Banking Market: How Many Banks Are Necessary for Russia?

2006 ◽  
pp. 75-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Moiseev
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Optimum Structure ◽  
Population Number ◽  
The Third ◽  
Banking Market ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Equilibrium Number

The number of classical banks in the world has reduced. In the majority of countries the number of banks does not exceed 200. The uniqueness of the Russian banking sector is that in this respect it takes the third place in the world after the USA and Germany. The paper reviews the conclusions of the economic theory about the optimum structure of the banking market. The empirical analysis shows that the number of banks in a country is influenced by the size of its territory, population number and GDP per capita. Our econometric estimate is that the equilibrium number of banks in Russia should be in a range of 180-220 units.

Overcoming “The Third Way” Concept

2006 ◽  
pp. 126-134
Author(s):  
L. Evstigneeva ◽  
R. Evstigneev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Research ◽  
Economic Uncertainty ◽  
Third Way ◽  
The Third ◽  
Linear Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
Non Linear

“The Third Way” concept is still widespread all over the world. Growing socio-economic uncertainty makes the authors revise the concept. In the course of discussion with other authors they introduce a synergetic vision of the problem. That means in the first place changing a linear approach to the economic research for a non-linear one.

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