scholarly journals „Język, którym mówi dzisiejsza władza, jest ideologiczny”. Wywiad z Michałem Głowińskim

Adeptus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uliana Sharpe
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Professor Emeritus ◽  
Communication Tool ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Traumatic Memories ◽  
The Past ◽  
Literary Research ◽  
Scholarly Publications ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
To Come

“The Language Used by the Present Political Authorities is Ideological”: An Interview with Michał GłowińskiLanguage can be not only a communication tool but also a dangerous weapon. In this interview, Michał Głowiński, Professor Emeritus at the Institute of Literary Research (IBL), writer, author of numerous literary and scholarly publications, including Zła mowa [Bad Speech], a Polish Jew who survived the Holocaust, shares his traumatic memories and talks about verbal aggression, which is an alarm bell warning that physical aggression is to come. Following the tragic events of the mid-twentieth century, language can no longer be treated as “the house of being”: before the first brick of extermination camps was laid, the word of hatred had thundered first. This is why it is so important to remember the past and to carefully analyse the language of the present, so that the horrible story of the Holocaust can never happen again. The Holocaust is the greatest tragedy of the twentieth century, which brutally destroyed millions of Jews. It also put an end to survivors’ hope of achieving a harmony of self-identity. The Holocaust must be remembered. Literature is one of the tools for keeping it in memory and taking a closer look at all the crimes that were committed. The painful experience of the Holocaust has been reflected in the works of Jewish writers. It is also at the roots of tragic contradictions, the sense of internal emptiness and loss of empathy. „Język, którym mówi dzisiejsza władza, jest ideologiczny”. Wywiad z Michałem GłowińskimJęzyk może być nie tylko narzędziem komunikacji, ale i niebezpieczną bronią. W wywiadzie Michał Głowiński, emerytowany profesor Instytutu Badań Literackich, pisarz, badacz języka publicznego, autor licznych prac literaturoznawczych oraz naukowych, w tym wciąż aktualnej książki Zła mowa, polski Żyd ocalały z Holocaustu, dzieli się traumatycznymi wspomnieniami oraz opowiada o agresji werbalnej, która jest pierwszym niepokojącym sygnałem alarmowym, ostrzegającym przed nadejściem agresji fizycznej. Po tragicznych wydarzeniach pierwszej połowy XX wieku języka już nie sposób traktować jedynie jako „domu istnienia”, bo zanim położono pierwszą cegłę, budując fabrykę Zagłady, najpierw zabrzmiały słowa nienawiści. Właśnie dlatego tak ważna jest pamięć o przeszłości i uważne badanie języka teraźniejszości, by chronić przed powtórką scenariusza potwornej historii Zagłady. Holocaust jest bowiem największą tragedią XX wieku, która była nie tylko zbrodnią na milionach Żydów, ale również odebraniem Ocalałym szansy na odbudowę harmonijnej, nienaznaczonej traumą tożsamości. Pamięć o tych wydarzeniach jest naszym dziedzictwem. Literatura jest jednym ze światów, który pozwala zachować pamięć oraz z bliska przyjrzeć się zbrodniom. Bolesne doświadczenia Shoah znajdują odzwierciedlenie w twórczości pisarzy żydowskich oraz leżą u podstaw tragicznych sprzeczności, wewnętrznej pustki i utraty wrażliwości.

Christianity, Plurality and Vernacular Religion in early Twentieth-Century Glastonbury: A Sign of Things to Come?

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 302-321
Author(s):  
Marion Bowman
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Considerable Heterogeneity ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Past ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Vernacular Religion ◽  
Important Time ◽  
To Come ◽  
Shed Light

This essay focuses upon a significant place, Glastonbury, at an important time during the early twentieth century, in order to shed light on a particular aspect of Christianity which is frequently overlooked: its internal plurality. This is not simply denominational diversity, but the considerable heterogeneity which exists at both institutional and individual level within denominations, and which often escapes articulation, awareness or comment. This is significant because failure to apprehend a more detailed, granular picture of religion can lead to an incomplete view of events in the past and, by extension, a partial understanding of later phenomena. This essay argues that by using the concept of vernacular religion a more nuanced picture of religion as it is – or has been – lived can be achieved.

Angelopoulos and the Lingua Franca of Modernism

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelos Koutsourakis ◽  
Mark Steven
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
World History ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
The Past ◽  
Crisis Of Representation ◽  
Economic Migration ◽  
Firm Commitment ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Representing History

This book examines the oeuvre of Theo Angelopoulos, whose films are deeply immersed in the historical experiences of his homeland, Greece, while the international appeal of his work can be attributed to his firm commitment to modernism as a formal response to the crises and failures of world history in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. It considers some of the main themes in Angelopoulos' filmography, including the crisis of representation and the force of mediation; the question of representing history and how to come to terms with the past; the failures of the utopian aspirations of the twentieth century; issues of forced political or economic migration and exile; and the persistence of history in a supposedly post-historical present. This introduction discusses the lack of critical attention that Angelopoulos' cinema has received in the Anglophone scholarship and provides a historical overview of Angelopoulos' modernist cinema. It also summarises the individual chapters that follow.

scholarly journals Literature and lustration: Rebuilding social trust through literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
European Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
Categorical Responses ◽  
To Come ◽  
Communist Countries ◽  
Legal Processes

How do nations, communities and individuals seek to restore individual meaning, social justice and social trust in the wake of traumatic histories? While international legal models have underpinned the processes of lustration in ex-communist countries, other forms of coming to terms with the past have contributed to the rebuilding of social trust in these environments. Literature has taken a role both in preparing the ground for more formal politico-legal processes, and in problematizing single-answer, simplistic or categorical responses to the complex issues of guilt, responsibility, complicity, victimhood and suffering in these societies. The significant new role that European literature has taken since the Holocaust is to come to terms with the past as a record not merely as a history, but as a responsibility and thereby to participate in the processes of lustration and rebuilding of civil society that have formed contemporary Europe.

scholarly journals Stalin, the Great Purge, and Russian History: A New Look at the "New Class"

1984 ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marshall Shatz
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Russian History ◽  
Secret Police ◽  
Underdeveloped Countries ◽  
New Class ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
Do So

Though nearly fifty years in the past; Stalin's Great Purge of the 1930s still loans as one of the nost enigmatic events of the twentieth century. Whether we think of the Great Purge as a 100re or less continuous process fran the assassination of Kirov in 1934 to Ezhov's replacement by Beria as head of the secret police at the end of 1938; or limit it to the EzhoVshchina of 1937 and 1938; When the terror reached its peak; the sheer nagnitude of the operation is astounding. The nuniber of arrests; deportations; imprisonments; and lives lost in these years is impossible to measure; and attempts to do so have varied wildly. Even the lowest estimates; however; are staggering.! It is not merely the size of the Great Purge that nekes it such a historical puzzle; however; but the fact that it took place in peacetime; in a society publicly and officially ccmnitted to rational values and the hUI'Cailistic ideals of Marxism and the Russian revolutionary tradition. In its controlled and organized character the Great Purge seems conparable not to the primitive upheavals of "underdeveloped" countries in the secorrl half of the twentieth century; nor to the spontaneous bloodletting Russia itself experienced during the Civil war; but rather to the Nazi destruction of European Jewry in the Holocaust. Like the Holocaust; it is the seemingly atavistic nature of the Great Purge; as much as its actual consequences; that has presented such a challenge to scholars seeking to explain the events of the Stalin period.  

Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Jason Lustig
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Jewish History ◽  
The United States ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
The Future ◽  
Modern Jewish History ◽  
History Of

The introduction presents the book’s core argument that twentieth-century Jewish archives were not just about the past but also about the future: We can look to a process whereby Jews turned increasingly toward archives as anchors of memory in a rapidly changing world. Jews in Germany, the United States, and Israel/Palestine all sought to gather the files of the past in order to represent their place in Jewish life and articulate a vision of the future. It situates these projects in the history of community-based archiving and archival theory and methodology, as well as Jewish history at large. It also dives into the ways we can see archive making as a metaphor for the broader patterns in modern Jewish history, as Jews sought to gather the sources and resources of their culture both before the Holocaust and especially in its aftermath.

An Annotated Bibliography of Journalism Subjects in American Magazines

1951 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
William F. Swindler ◽  
Granville Price ◽  
Armistead S. Pride ◽  
Baskett Mosse ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Annotated Bibliography ◽  
Evaluation Technique ◽  
Voice Of America ◽  
The Past ◽  
Color Television ◽  
News Writing ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Voice

The increasing international tension in the last quarter of the year put additional emphasis on publicity and propaganda in the battle for men's minds. The Voice of America was considerably strengthened, with promises of still more support to come. In domestic radio, the Columbia Broadcasting System's method of color television was approved by the FCC, only to precipitate a louder debate and a succession of court actions… . In the field of advertising, Dr. George Gallup announced a new evaluation technique which some thought might be as revolutionary as his readership principles have been in the past twenty years… . In the field of news writing and press responsibility several writers were still concerned with what they considered to be a qualitative weakening of journalistic standards. These appeared to be the leading professional problems as the second half of the twentieth century began. —W. F. S.

The History of the History of American Education, 1900-1976: The Uses of the Past

1976 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sol Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Teacher Training ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
History Of Education ◽  
American Education ◽  
The Past ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
To Come

Most recent histories of American education begin with an attack that enumerates the ways in which Ellwood P. Cubberley and other traditional historians of the early twentieth century stymied the development of the field. Indeed, these works suggest that the tradition of Cubberley and company was the only obstacle to good history of education until the pathbreaking contributions of Bernard Bailyn and Lawrence Cremin in the early 1960s. In this article, Sol Cohen argues that a rich and controversial chapter in the history of the history of education has been forgotten in the zeal to get on with the "new" history. He contends that historians need to come to terms with the struggles, primarily in the 1930s and 1940s, between those who would make the field purely "functional"—addressed to teacher training and to contemporary social problems—and those who would make it an academic discipline. After tracing the development and context of those struggles,Cohen concludes by noting certain dangerous continuities between the past and the present in the craft of history of education and cautions that progress can be made only by acknowledging and understanding that past.

scholarly journals Mastering the Unmasterable? Vergangenheitsbewältigung of Germany’s National Socialist past

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Grelak
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
National Socialist ◽  
The Past ◽  
South Wales ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
To Come ◽  
Nazi Past

CESAA 18TH ANNUAL EUROPE ESSAY COMPETITION 2010 - Undergraduate winner: Isabel Grelak, University of New South Wales“The question about what nations should do about a difficult past is one of the great subjects of our time.” This essay engages with the process of Vergangenheitsbewältigung and asks the thorny question: how close is Germany to mastering a Nazi past notoriously described as “unmasterable”? Following discussion defining the scope of Holocaust victims and what overcoming the past entails, focus turns to the ‘Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe.’ Drawing insight from prominent discourse, its commemorative aims and functions are examined. Ultimately, it is concluded that whilst the memorial has brought Germany somewhat closer to coming to terms with its past by ensuring the Holocaust does not pass from public consciousness; it also consolidates a hierarchy of victims.Without seeking to diminish or challenge the suffering of the six million Jews killed in the Holocaust, this essay highlights the exclusive nature of commemorative practice in Germany, impeding its ability to come to terms with all of its Nazi crimes.

scholarly journals A Portrait of the Rabbi as a Young Man: Rabbi Pinchas Hirschprung’s Memoir of His Escape from Europe to Canada

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Jewish People ◽  
Holocaust Survivor ◽  
Jewish Communities ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
The Way

In November 1944, Rabbi Pinchas Hirschprung published a memoir of his escape from Nazi-held Europe entitled Fun Natsishen Yomertol: Zikhroynes fun a Polit [From the Nazi Vale of Tears: Memoirs of a Refugee]. This book is remarkable from several important perspectives. It is one of the earliest examples of Holocaust survivor memoirs, written and published while the systematic destruction of European Jewry was ongoing. It thus enables us to see the way the Holocaust was approached before the pattern of survivor memoirs was fully developed. It is also one of the rare examples of a twentieth-century Orthodox rabbinical autobiography. From an examination of his memoir, Rabbi Hirschprung obviously saw his narrative as a continuation of the chronicles of massacres and other disasters befalling Jewish communities in the past. This book enables us to perceive the ways in which a young Orthodox rabbi reacted to some of the most important moral, intellectual, and political challenges facing Jews in the twentieth century and how he attempted to relate them to previous trials and persecutions of the Jewish people.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document