(Nie)honoryfikatywne sposoby określania znanych publicznie osób w polskim dyskursie medialnym na Litwie

(Non-)Honorific Ways of Referring to Public Figures in the Polish Media Discourse in LithuaniaThis article focuses on the ways of referring to public figures which involve the use of honorifics when talking about high-ranking representatives of society. In the Polish cultural tradition this function is performed by official and professional titles and the honorific pan/pani ‘mister/misses’. The study analyses designations used by participants of the discussion programme “Szósty dzień tygodnia” [The Sixth Day of the Week], which is broadcast on the Polish Radio “Znad Wilii” [By the Wilia River] in Lithuania. The research material includes 10 radio broadcasts aired in 2015 and 2016, featuring a total of 24 people (the host and 23 guests). The aim of the study is to identify the most frequently applied constructions that consist of personal names and official/professional titles, and to determine different functions of the honorific pan/pani in these constructions. The quantitative analysis makes it possible to identify the frequency of particular constructions and the tendencies prevailing in the media discourse. The qualitative analysis of the collected material reveals a variety of functions performed by the honorific pan/pani. Depending on the formal or pragmatic context, this item may endow a construction with a shade of respect or, conversely, make it derogatory. The female honorific pani firstly has a grammatical function: it is used with the titles and surnames which are masculine in form as the only indicator of female gender (e.g. pani prezydent, pani premier Szydło). (Nie)honoryfikatywne sposoby określania znanych publicznie osób w polskim dyskursie medialnym na LitwieTematem niniejszego artykułu są sposoby określania znanych publicznie osób w użyciu referującym z uwzględnieniem stosowanych środków honoryfikatywności, które przysługują im ze względu na wysoką rangę w hierarchii społecznej. W polskiej tradycji kulturowej taką funkcję pełnią tytuły funkcyjne i profesjonalne oraz jednostka honoryfikatywna pan/pani. Przedmiotem analizy są określenia używane w wypowiedziach referujących w audycji dyskusyjnej „Szósty dzień tygodnia”, emitowanej w polskiej rozgłośni radiowej „Znad Wilii” na Litwie. Podstawę materiałową stanowi 10 pochodzących z lat 2015–2016 audycji, w których uczestniczyły 24 osoby (prowadząca oraz 23 gości programu). Celem badania jest ujawnienie najczęściej stosowanych konstrukcji złożonych z antroponimów i tytułów funkcyjnych / profesjonalnych oraz ukazanie różnych funkcji jednostki pan/pani w analizowanych wyrażeniach. Zastosowanie w badaniu materiału metody ilościowej pozwala ustalić częstotliwość użycia poszczególnych konstrukcji i dominujące w dyskursie medialnym tendencje w tym zakresie. Dzięki analizie jakościowej można ujawnić różne funkcje jednostki leksykalnej pan/pani, która w zależności od uwarunkowań formalnych i pragmatycznych może nadać konstrukcji nie tylko nacechowanie godnościowe, lecz również deprecjonujące. Jednostka rodzaju żeńskiego pani w większości przypadków pełni przede wszystkim funkcję gramatyczną – przy rzeczownikach tytularnych i nazwiskach mających postać męską jest jedynym wyznacznikiem rodzaju żeńskiego, np. pani prezydent, pani premier Szydło.

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No tears in heaven: did the media create the pseudo-phenomenon “altitude-adjusted lachrymosity syndrome (AALS)”?

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.4569 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. e4569

Author(s):

Paul Wicks ◽

Lee Lancashire

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Online Survey ◽

Female Gender ◽

The United States ◽

Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽

Annual Household Income ◽

Emotional Life ◽

Life Event ◽

Public Figures ◽

The Media

Objective In the media, numerous public figures have reported involuntary emotional outbursts arising from watching films on planes, resembling neurological phenomena such as pseudobulbar affect. Putative risk factors put forward include altitude, mild hypoxia, or alcohol. Our objective was to determine whether watching a film on an airplane is really more likely to induce involuntary, uncontrollable, or surprising crying than watching one on the ground, described in some social media as “altitude-adjusted lachrymosity syndrome” (AALS), or whether this is a pseudo-phenomena. Methods Amazon Mechanical Turk survey participants (N = 1,084) living in the United States who had watched a film on a plane in the past 12 months were invited to complete an online survey. The main outcome measures were likelihood of crying in a logistic regression model including location of viewing, age, gender, genre of film, subjective film rating, annual household income, watching a “guilty pleasure” film, drinking alcohol, feeling tired or jetlagged, or having a recent emotional life event. Results About one in four films induced crying. Watching a film on a plane per se does not appear to induce involuntary crying. Significant predictors of crying included dramas or family films, a recent life event, watching a “guilty pleasure”, high film ratings, and female gender. Medical conditions, age, income, alcohol use, and feeling tired or jetlagged were not significant. Conclusion People reporting the pseudo-phenomena of AALS are most likely experiencing “dramatically heightened exposure”, watching as many films on a plane in a week’s return trip as they would in a year at the cinema. Such perceptions are probably magnified by confirmation bias and further mentions in social media.

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The Language Means of Comicality in Clickbait Headings

Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Serija 2 Jazykoznanije ◽

10.15688/jvolsu2.2021.3.13 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 151-165

Author(s):

Natalia Prokofeva ◽

◽

Irina Akulovich ◽

Keyword(s):

Russian Language ◽

Internet Research ◽

Media Discourse ◽

Modern Media ◽

Research Material ◽

The Media ◽

The Subject ◽

Communicative Act ◽

Genre Preferences ◽

The Russian Language

The analysis of material presented in the media discourse demonstrates significant changes in the intentionality of the journalistic text, which are reflected in establishing contacts so as to grab and retain the reader's attention. This feature of modern media text is represented in changing genre preferences, speech tactics and strategies, and, consequently, selecting and combining linguistic means. One of the manifestations of this trend is the phenomenon of clickbait, which is a communicative act of promising to continue communication. This article is dedicated to the clickbait with the semantics of comicality. The collected from the Russian-language Internet research material includes clickbait headings that promise a certain funny content. The study revealed that a clickbait model includes the following semantic components: a stimulating utterance of the subject of speech seeking to involve the reader in the humorous nature of hypertext; the verbal and non-verbal markers of the object of laughter; markers, which reflect Internet user's involvement in the communicative act. The analysis of relationship between the components of a clickbait model resulted in specifying four types of clickbait headlines: 1) narrative headlines, which invite the reader to laugh what some other readers have already laughed at; 2) offering headlines suggesting some comic entertainment; 3) allusive clickbaits that hint on the possibility to continue amusing reading; 4) nominative clickbaits, which name the expected laughing reaction to the presentation of some objects.

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The Role of Evaluative Tools in the Creation of the Memorial Media Portrait of Jacques Chirac (1932—2019)

Nauchnyy dialog ◽

10.24224/2227-1295-2020-9-97-110 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 97-110

Author(s):

E. N. Mikhailova ◽

V. A. Telegina

Keyword(s):

Print Media ◽

Political Elite ◽

Systematic Analysis ◽

Research Material ◽

Political Orientations ◽

Different Types ◽

The Media ◽

The Creation ◽

Entire Text

The article is devoted to the study of evaluative tools used in modern French media in order to form the media image of a representative of the political elite. The techniques used in the creation of a memorial media portrait of Jacques Chirac (1932—2019), President of France from 1995 to 2007 are considered. The research material was the most prestigious French print media of various political orientations, published in late September — early October 2019 in connection with the death of the ex-President of the French Republic. The relevance of the research topic is dictated by the close attention of modern linguistics to axiological phenomena, differently presented in different types of discursive practices. The novelty of the study is due to the appeal to the analysis of the complex of evaluation tools used in the French print media when characterizing the former leader of the state during the nation’s farewell period. The estimated potential of the title of the article and its influence on the formation of the estimated vector of the entire text of the publication are shown. A systematic analysis of the assessment expression means, reflected in the memorial media portrait of the politician, is given. The factors that influenced the peculiarities of their use in this type of media portrait are revealed.

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AUTISM IN THE DISCOURSE OF THE RUSSIAN MASS MEDIA: CONSTRUCTING OF THE IMAGE OF A HUMAN WITH ASD

Bulletin Biomedicine and sociology ◽

10.26787/nydha-2618-8783-2020-5-4-37-43 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 37-43

Author(s):

Saveleva Zh.V.

Keyword(s):

Mass Media ◽

Early Stage ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Media Discourse ◽

Adults With Autism ◽

Video Clips ◽

The Media ◽

Inner World ◽

Spectrum Disorders ◽

The Mass Media

The prevalence of autism is growing, the problems of stigmatization and discrimination of people with autism spectrum disorders in society are exacerbating. The mass media play an important role in enlightening and reducing stigmatizing effects, in connection with which the goal was formulated to study the construction of images of a person with ASD in the mass media by the method of qualitative and discourse analysis of video clips from the federal channel. According to the results of the study, it can be argued that the range of characteristics used to describe people with autism in media discourse is diverse, but in retrospect, dominant interpretation models can be identified. At an early stage, the prevailing image of a person with ASD was deprived of the quality’s characteristic of normotypical people who do not want to leave their world. People diagnosed with autism were referred to as the intolerant category of "autistic". Since 2013, there has been a discursive turn, within which the category “autist” is replaced by tolerant speech patterns, adults with autism get into the lens of the media, the topic of uncommunicability as a property of a person with autism is replaced by the intention of the lack of opportunities to communicate, one of the reasons for which is social exclusion. In television stories of recent years, the mass media are actively constructing the image of a person with autism spectrum disorder through his inner world, through the advantages that a person with ASD can have due to his characteristics. However, it cannot be said that there has been a complete change of the image: the old cliches, as a rule, manifest themselves at a more latent level of grammatical constructions and semiotic meanings.

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Ironic Content Features in the Orthodox Media Discourse

Известия Смоленского государственного университета ◽

10.35785/2072-9464-2020-52-4-71-86 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 71-86

Author(s):

Alexandra Makarova

Keyword(s):

Religious Discourse ◽

Integrative Approach ◽

The Internet ◽

Media Discourse ◽

Human Communication ◽

Cultural Methods ◽

Religious Communication ◽

The Media ◽

To Come ◽

Sphere Of Influence

The religious communication is the most ancient of human communication types. The pragmatic linguistics as well as rhetoric shows a special attitude to this special type of discourse. Today the Internet text with its unlimited abilities is being in the focus of linguists’ attention. That is why the orthodox journalists are covering not only print media but also the Internet that helps to widen the sphere of influence on the people’s minds and souls. The analyses show that the media context of the Orthodox sites (such as The Orthodox people laugh and etc.) includes humorous publications that prove the necessity of studying peculiarities of religious communication and humorous texts in orthodox sites. The integrative approach including content analyses, discourse and linguistic cultural methods helps the author to come to a conclusion that orthodox media texts are distinguished by intertextuality, hypertextuality, creolism, and the authors want to influence the addressee in the most effective way. To define the communicative task, the missionary function should be taken into account which is peculiar to the religious discourse.

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A Relic of Communism, an Architectural Nightmare or a Determinant of the City’s Brand? Media, Political and Architectural Dispute over the Monument to the Revolutionary Act in Rzeszów (Poland)

Arts ◽

10.3390/arts10010008 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 8

Author(s):

Sławomir Gawroński ◽

Dariusz Tworzydło ◽

Kinga Bajorek ◽

Łukasz Bis

Keyword(s):

Public Space ◽

Political Communication ◽

Critical Analysis ◽

Historical Memory ◽

Media Discourse ◽

Political Dimension ◽

Social Events ◽

The Media ◽

Mutual Relations ◽

The Impact

This article deals with the issues of architectural elements of public space, treated as components of art and visual communication, and at the same time determinants of the emotional aspects of political conflicts, social disputes, and media discourse. The aim of the considerations is to show, with the usage of the principles of critical analysis of media discourse, the impact of social events, political communication, and the activity of mass communicators on the perception of the monument of historical memory and the changes that take place within its public evaluation. The authors chose the method of critical analysis of the media discourse due to its compliance with the planned purpose of the analyses, thus, providing the opportunity to perform qualitative research, enabling the creation of possibly up-to-date conclusions regarding both the studied thread, and allowing the extrapolation of certain conclusions to other examples. The media material relating to the controversial Monument to the Revolutionary Act, located in the city of Rzeszów (Poland), was selected for the analysis. On this example, an attempt was made to evaluate the mutual relations between politically engaged architecture and art, and the contemporary consequences of this involvement in the social and political dimension.

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An analysis of media discourse on genetically modified rice in China

Discourse & Communication ◽

10.1177/1750481320982093 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 175048132098209

Author(s):

Quan Zheng ◽

Zengyi Zhang

Keyword(s):

Social Context ◽

Chinese Government ◽

Media Discourse ◽

Dominant Position ◽

The Public ◽

News Reports ◽

Gm Rice ◽

The Social ◽

The Media ◽

Specific Meaning

Current problems and controversies involving GM issues are not limited to scientific fields but spill over into the social context. When disagreements enter society via media outlets, social factors such as interests, resources, and values can contribute to complicating discourse about a controversial subject. Using the framework for the analysis of media discourse proposed by Carvalho, this paper examines news reports on Chinese GM rice from the dimensions of both text and context, covering the period of 2001–2015. This study shows that media may not only construct basic concepts, theme, and discursive strategies but also generate an ideological stance. This ideology constituted an influential dimension of the GM rice controversy. By following ideology consistent with the dominant position of the Chinese government, the media selectively constructed and endowed GM rice with a specific meaning in the Chinese social context, making possible the reproduction and communication of GM rice knowledge and risks to the public.

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Sex Dolls in the Swedish Media Discourse: Intimacy, Sexuality, and Technology

Sexuality & Culture ◽

10.1007/s12119-021-09829-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Robin Björkas ◽

Mariah Larsson

Keyword(s):

Critical Discourse Analysis ◽

Critical Discourse ◽

Sexual Practices ◽

Media Discourse ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Therapeutic Uses ◽

Broad Variety ◽

The Media ◽

Definition Of ◽

The Relationship

AbstractSex dolls are a complex phenomenon with several diverse possible emotional, sexual and therapeutic uses. They can be part of a broad variety of sexual practices, and also function as a sexual aid. However, the media discourse on sex dolls first and foremost concerns how we perceive the relationship between intimacy and technology. A critical discourse analysis of the Swedish media discourse on sex dolls reveals six themes which dominate the discourse: (a) the definition of what a human being is; (b) a discourse on the (technological and existential) future; (c) a social effort; (d) a loveless phenomenon; (e) men’s violence against women; and (f) pedophilia. Accordingly, this discourse is very conservative and normative in its view of sexuality, technology, and humanity. Overall, the dominant themes do not provide any space for positive effects of technology on human sexuality, and if they do, it is usually as a substitute for something else.

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