CD38 Gene Expression and Human Personality Traits: Inverse Association with Novelty Seeking

Messenger ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P. Ebstein ◽  
Mikhail Monakhov ◽  
Poh San Lai ◽  
Soo Hong Chew
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Novelty Seeking ◽  
Human Personality

scholarly journals Association between Polymorphism rs1799732 of DRD2 Dopamine Receptor Gene and Personality Traits among MMA Athletes

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1217
Author(s):  
Marta Niewczas ◽  
Anna Grzywacz ◽  
Katarzyna Leźnicka ◽  
Krzysztof Chmielowiec ◽  
Jolanta Chmielowiec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Dopamine Receptor ◽  
Martial Arts ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Harm Avoidance ◽  
Novelty Seeking ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Dopamine Receptor Gene

Four factors—namely, harm avoidance, novelty seeking, reward addiction and persistence—represent the nature of temperament that is not genetically determined in itself. It was shown in earlier studies that a strong propensity to look for novelty or a tendency to engage in risky behavior is correlated with genetic variants in the area of the genes encoding dopamine receptors. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine whether there is a relationship between personality traits and genetic variants in the area of the DRD2 dopamine receptor gene in MMA athletes. The participants consisted of 85 mixed martial arts (MMA) athletes and 284 healthy, non-MMA male participants. Their personality traits were measured using the Revised Temperament and Character Inventory. Blood was collected for genetic assays and all samples were genotyped using the real-time PCR method. We observed a statistically significant effect of a complex factor of the DRD2 rs1799732 genotype on MMA participants’ control and reward dependence. Engaging in high-risk sport may be associated with several personality characteristics. The DRD2 rs1799732 polymorphism may be associated with reduced harm avoidance in martial arts athletes, thereby modulating athletes’ predisposition to participate in high-risk sport.

Interaction effects between the brain-derived neurotrophic factor Val66Met polymorphism and parental rearing on personality traits in healthy subjects

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 817-817
Author(s):  
A. Suzuki ◽  
Y. Matsumoto ◽  
N. Shibuya ◽  
R. Sadahiro ◽  
M. Kamata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Maternal Care ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Harm Avoidance ◽  
Novelty Seeking ◽  
Val66met Polymorphism ◽  
Bdnf Val66met Polymorphism ◽  
Parental Rearing ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
The Brain

AimsThere is a growing body of data suggesting the gene-environment interaction in the characterization of personality traits, but variation in ordinary parental rearing among environmental factors has not been focused yet. We examined the effects of the interaction between the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphism and parental rearing on personality traits.MethodsSubjects were 710 Japanese healthy volunteers. Perceived parental rearing was assessed by the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), which consists of the care and protection factors. Personality assessment was performed by the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), which has 7 dimensions, i.e., novelty seeking, harm avoidance, reward dependence, persistence, self-directedness, cooperativeness, and self-transcendence. The BDNF Val66Met polymorphism was detected by the PCR-RFLP method.ResultsParental rearing has significant main effects on all TCI dimensions except novelty seeking, while no significant main effects of the BDNF genotype on the TCI scores were found. The interaction between the BDNF genotype and maternal care of the PBI had significant effects on harm avoidance and self-directedness of the TCI. Post-hoc analyses showed that decreased maternal care was correlated with increased harm avoidance and decreased self-directedness in most of the genotype groups, and for both personality traits the correlation was highest in the Met/Met genotype and lowest in the Val/Val genotype and that for the Val/Met genotype was in between the two values.ConclusionThe present study suggests that the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism moderates the effects of parenting rearing, especially maternal care, on harm avoidance and self-directedness in healthy subjects.

scholarly journals An Overview of the Psychodynamics of Addiction

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-369
Author(s):  
César A. Alfonso
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
The Self ◽  
Epigenetic Changes ◽  
Novelty Seeking ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Psychotherapeutic Interventions ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Abuse And Neglect

The author provides an overview of the psychodynamics of addiction, diverging from outdated conceptualizations such as orality and regression, and emphasizing the clinical relevance of the self-medication hypothesis. Rado and Bion paved the way for Khantzian's self-medication hypothesis by describing the drug user's need to escape unpleasure and seek self- containment. The author reviews research corroborating the relevance of the self-medication hypothesis and other relevant constructs such as self-deceptive attempts at adaptation, inability to prioritize self-care or delay gratification, excessive hedonism and novelty seeking, and impulsivity. Adverse childhood experiences, abuse and neglect are known to cause epigenetic changes altering gene expression, which may endure throughout life and be transmitted intergenerationally. Effective psychotherapeutic interventions have the potential to reverse DNA methylation and other epigenetic changes triggered by trauma and co-morbid psychopathology. Lastly, this editorial also introduces the psychodynamically informed clinical recommendations of Baurer and Gottdiener, further described in separate articles in this issue of Psychodynamic Psychiatry.

scholarly journals Genotype-Based Gene Expression in Colon Tissue—Prediction Accuracy and Relationship with the Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 8150
Author(s):  
Heike Deutelmoser ◽  
Justo Lorenzo Bermejo ◽  
Axel Benner ◽  
Korbinian Weigl ◽  
Hanla A. Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Prediction Accuracy ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Normal Colon ◽  
Colon Tissue ◽  
Normal Colon Tissue ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients

Colorectal cancer (CRC) survival has environmental and inherited components. The expression of specific genes can be inferred based on individual genotypes—so called expression quantitative trait loci. In this study, we used the PrediXcan method to predict gene expression in normal colon tissue using individual genotype data from 91 CRC patients and examined the correlation ρ between predicted and measured gene expression levels. Out of 5434 predicted genes, 58% showed a negative ρ value and only 16% presented a ρ higher than 0.10. We subsequently investigated the association between genotype-based gene expression in colon tissue for genes with ρ > 0.10 and survival of 4436 CRC patients. We identified an inverse association between the predicted expression of ARID3B and CRC-specific survival for patients with a body mass index greater than or equal to 30 kg/m2 (HR (hazard ratio) = 0.66 for an expression higher vs. lower than the median, p = 0.005). This association was validated using genotype and clinical data from the UK Biobank (HR = 0.74, p = 0.04). In addition to the identification of ARID3B expression in normal colon tissue as a candidate prognostic biomarker for obese CRC patients, our study illustrates the challenges of genotype-based prediction of gene expression, and the advantage of reassessing the prediction accuracy in a subset of the study population using measured gene expression data.

Scientific examination and valuation of holistic managerial competence

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Ján Porvazník
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Professional Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Practical Skills ◽  
Scientific Contribution ◽  
Knowledge Application ◽  
Human Personality ◽  
Managerial Competence ◽  
Scientific Approach

The aim of the article is to define the competence of the employees - managers and employees, the need and methods of its evaluation. Meeting the set goals requires a scientific approach to meeting the goal set. Employees’ holistic competence consists of them, professional knowledge, practical skills and personality traits. Defining the necessary knowledge, application skills and human personality traits is a fundamental contribution of a scientific article. Another scientific benefit is emphasis the need to know the necessary knowledge, skills and human qualities to achieve the holistic competence of the workers. The specific scientific contribution of the article is the definition, justification and explanation of the use of valuation methods in management practice.

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