Lost in Informational Paradise: Cognitive Arrest to Epistemic Inertia in Problem Solving

2019 ◽  
pp. 000276421987823
Author(s):  
Jeong-Nam Kim ◽  
James E. Grunig
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
Information Environment ◽  
Problematic Situation ◽  
Life Problems

We conceptualize two cognitive modi operandi by which lay individuals (cf. experts) solve everyday life problems: cognitive retrogression and cognitive progression. The key demarcation between these two strategies is when a conclusion is finalized and how one’s cognitive and communicative efforts are expended in a problematic situation. Using these two concepts of cognitive strategies in problem solving, we explicate the emerging processes of cognitive arrest and epistemic inertia in the digital age and changing information environment. We apply the cognitive and communicative account to an exemplary case of cognitive arrest among lay publics: that of conspiracism and close-mindedness.

Classical American pragmatism: Practicing philosophy as experiencing life

Human Affairs ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacquelyn Kegley
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Religious Development ◽  
American Pragmatism ◽  
Du Bois ◽  
Problems In Living ◽  
Applied Philosophy ◽  
Democratic Life

AbstractI argue that Classical American Pragmatists—Royce, James, Dewey, Perice, Addams, Du Bois, and Locke subscribed to this view and practiced philosophy by focusing on experience and directing a critical eye to major problems in living. Thus Royce and Dewey explored the nature of genuine community and its role in developing a flourishing individual life but also a public, democratic life. Royce and James engaged in a phenomenological analysis of human experience including religious experience developing a rich understanding of human psychological, social, and religious development. Dewey, Royce and Perice applied the lessons of the scientific communal experience to problem solving in everyday life. Dewey explored life’s aesthetic dimensions. Addams, Du Bois and Locke applied philosophy to problems of living with discrimination as an immigrant or an African American.

scholarly journals Choreographing life-experiences of balance control in people with Parkinson’s disease

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofie LaGrone ◽  
Conran Joseph ◽  
Hanna Johansson ◽  
Birgit Enberg ◽  
Erika Franzén
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Qualitative Description ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Cardinal Symptoms

Abstract Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder. Reduced balance is one of the cardinal symptoms of PD, predisposing people living with PD to experience difficulties with the execution of tasks and activities, as well as hindering their involvement in meaningful life areas. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore how deficits in balance control manifest in everyday life and how it is managed by people with PD (PwPD). Design: Qualitative description was used. Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 18 participants, between the ages of 46 to 83 years, with mild to severe PD. Interview transcripts were analyzed using qualitative content analysis, following an inductive approach. Results: One theme emerged from the analysis: Increased planning—choreographing life. Within this overarching theme, two categories were identified, namely Limitations in mobility and New restricted functioning in everyday life, each with 3-4 sub-categories. The categories described how PwPD handled decreased balance control in their everyday life by using motor and cognitive strategies as a consequence of not trusting their body’s capacity to control balance. Activities in everyday life, as well as the ability to partake in leisure and social activities were profoundly affected. Conclusion: People with mild to severe PD used strategies to handle decreased balance and they choreographed their lives around their individual current state of mobility and balance. The knowledge gained from this study can be used to develop targeted interventions addressing the nuances of balance deficits in everyday life.

scholarly journals Choreographing life-experiences of balance control in people with Parkinson’s disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofie LaGrone ◽  
Conran Joseph ◽  
Hanna Johansson ◽  
Birgit Enberg ◽  
Erika Franzén
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Qualitative Description ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Cardinal Symptoms

Abstract Background Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder. Reduced balance is one of the cardinal symptoms of PD, predisposing people living with PD to experience difficulties with the execution of tasks and activities, as well as hindering their involvement in meaningful life areas. The overarching aim of this study was to explore how deficits in balance control manifest in everyday life and how it is managed by people with PD (PwPD). Methods Qualitative description was used as methodology, and in-depth interviews were conducted with 18 participants, between the ages of 46 to 83 years, with mild to severe PD. Interview transcripts were analyzed using qualitative content analysis, following an inductive approach. Results One theme emerged from the analysis: Increased planning—choreographing life. Within this overarching theme, two categories were identified, namely Limitations in mobility and New restricted functioning in everyday life, each with 3-4 sub-categories. The categories described how PwPD handled decreased balance control in their everyday life by using motor and cognitive strategies as a consequence of not trusting their body’s capacity to control balance. Activities in everyday life, as well as the ability to partake in leisure and social activities were profoundly affected. Conclusion People with mild to severe PD used strategies to handle decreased balance and they choreographed their lives around their individual current state of mobility and balance. The knowledge gained from this study can be used to develop targeted interventions addressing the nuances of balance deficits in everyday life.

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT OF MATHEMATICAL PROBLEM SOLVING ABILITIES USING MISSOURI MATHEMATICS PROJECT LEARNING MODEL

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1539-1549
Author(s):  
Joy Frandero Yoni Astra Pasaribu ◽  
Louise M Saija
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Small Group ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Mathematical Problem Solving ◽  
Mathematics Problems ◽  
Life Problems ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Questionnaire Result ◽  
Problem Solve

Introduction: Mathematical problem solving ability is very important in mathematic learning, because is can help students to solve daily life problems better. But the students mathematical problem solve ability is not high yet, one of the factor is because many students only know the standard procedures of solving mathematics problems, and when the given problem are different from the examples they tend to give up easily. This comparative design study aims to find out the improvement of students mathematical problem solving ability using Missouri Mathematics Project (MMP) learning model with individual assignments and small group assignments, and to find out whether there are differences between those two. Method: The sample in this study was VII grade students at SMP Advent Cimindi and SMP Advent II Bandung, Bandung. The instruments used in the study are mathematical problem solving test and questionnaire for response toward the Missouri Mathematics Project (MMP) learning model as the non-test instrument. Result: The results showed that the improvement of mathematical problem solving abilities of students who obtained the Missouri Mathematics Project (MMP) learning model with individual assignments and students who obtained the Missouri Mathematics Project (MMP) learning model by assigning small groups was categorized as high. Statistically, there is a significant difference in the students mathematical problem solving improvement after being taught using Missouri Mathematics Project (MMP) learning model, between students who get individual assignments and small group assignments. The response questionnaire result shows that students who acquire individual assignments like the Missouri Mathematics Project (MMP) learning model, more further the students who acquire group assignments really like the Missouri Mathematics Project (MMP) learning model.

MATHEMATICS IN EVERYDAY LIFE AROUND PROBLEM SOLVING

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Campos ◽  
Bárbara Morgado ◽  
Paula Catarino
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Everyday Life

Collaborative Approaches for Communities of Practice Activities Enrichment

2018 ◽  
pp. 304-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziska Fields ◽  
Sulaiman Olusegun Atiku
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
Collective Learning ◽  
Organisational Structure ◽  
Collaborative Practices

This chapter explores the role of communities of practice (CoPs) in knowledge management (KM) and how various collaborative practices can be used to enrich the activities of CoPs in organisations. The objectives of the chapter are firstly to define and explain the role of CoPs as a form of social and team networks in KM, secondly to identify the role and importance of collaborative approaches, specifically focusing on collective learning, creativity, innovation and problem-solving in CoPs and how these impact on the KM process, and thirdly to make recommendations to enhance the collaborative approaches to ultimately enrich the activities of CoPs in a digital age in organisations. Recommendations are made that management needs to support the forming and activities of CoPs in KM strategies, and that a suitable organisational structure and culture are needed to stimulate and support collaborative approaches to enrich the activities of CoPs.

Exploring the Role of Web-Based Learning in Global Education

2016 ◽  
pp. 202-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kijpokin Kasemsap
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Global Education ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
Educational Goals ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Web Based Learning ◽  
Performance Enhance

This chapter aims to explore the role of web-based learning (WBL) in global education, thus describing the theoretical and practical overview of WBL, the multifaceted applications of WBL tools in educational settings, the application of web-based language learning, the application of web-based problem-solving activities, and the significance of WBL in global education. The fulfillment of WBL is vital for schools that seek to serve students and educators, improve educational performance, enhance competitiveness, and reach continuous achievement in global education. Therefore, it is necessary for schools to explore their WBL, establish a strategic plan to usually check their technological advancements, and immediately respond to the WBL needs of students and educators. The chapter argues that applying WBL in global education has the potential to increase organizational performance and reach educational goals in the digital age.

Conclusion and Future Directions

2018 ◽  
pp. 164-176
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Automatic Detection ◽  
Freedom Of Speech ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Third Way ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Cyberbullying Detection

In this chapter, the authors summarize the research performed so far on automatic cyberbullying detection, which was the topic of this book. They summarize all chapters of the book. Next, they propose a general discussion of the potential and limitations of technology-based methods for detecting and preventing cyberbullying. They also ask what the ethical boundaries are for such technology to operate in everyday life. Should we allow constant surveillance for the sake of safety? Should we limit the technology, thus taking away its true problem-solving potential to match our freedom of speech? Or is there a third way in which both the technology is used to meet its potential, while not taking away the feeling of freedom? Let questions which arise during this last chapter become guidelines for future research on automatic detection and mitigation of cyberbullying.

Problem-Based Learning (PBL)

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-56
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Hawamdeh ◽  
Idris Adamu
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Problem Based Learning ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Learning Skills ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Life Problems ◽  
Approach To Teaching

This chapter discuss how Problem-Based learning (PBL) helps to achieve this century's approach to teaching and learning for students in higher educational institutions. If adopted, this method of teaching will enable student to attain learning skills (skills, abilities, problem solving, and learning dispositions that have been identified) to acquire a lifelong habit of approaching problems with initiative and diligence and a drive to acquire the knowledge and skills needed for an effective resolution. And they will develop a systematic approach to solving real-life problems using higher-order skills.

Simulations for Supporting and Assessing Science Literacy

2016 ◽  
pp. 191-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edys S. Quellmalz ◽  
Matt D. Silberglitt ◽  
Barbara C. Buckley ◽  
Mark T. Loveland ◽  
Daniel G. Brenner
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Learning Environments ◽  
Summative Assessment ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Model Complex ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Extended Problem ◽  
Complex Phenomena

Simulations have become core supports for learning in the digital age. For example, economists, mathematicians, and scientists employ simulations to model complex phenomena. Learners, too, are increasingly able to take advantage of simulations to understand complex systems. Simulations can display phenomena that are too large or small, fast or slow, or dangerous for direct classroom investigations. The affordances of simulations extend students' opportunities to engage in deep, extended problem solving. National and international studies are providing evidence that technologies are enriching curricula, tailoring learning environments, embedding assessment, and providing tools to connect students, teachers, and experts locally and globally. This chapter describes a portfolio of research and development that has examined and documented the roles that simulations can play in assessing and promoting learning, and has developed and validated sets of simulation-based assessments and instructional supplements designed for formative and summative assessment and customized instruction.

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