scholarly journals Surveillance or Self-Surveillance? Behavioral Cues Can Increase the Rate of Drivers’ Pro-Environmental Behavior at a Long Wait Stop

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 1156-1172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose Meleady ◽  
Dominic Abrams ◽  
Julie Van de Vyver ◽  
Tim Hopthrow ◽  
Lynsey Mahmood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Environmental Behavior ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
The Self ◽  
Regulatory Action ◽  
Level Crossings ◽  
Behavioral Compliance ◽  
Psychological Theories ◽  
Behavioral Cues ◽  
Behavioral Instruction

By leaving their engines idling for long periods, drivers contribute unnecessarily to air pollution, waste fuel, and produce noise and fumes that harm the environment. Railway level crossings are sites where many cars idle, many times a day. In this research, testing two psychological theories of influence, we examine the potential to encourage drivers to switch off their ignition while waiting at rail crossings. Two field studies presented different signs at a busy rail crossing site with a 2-min average wait. Inducing public self-focus (via a “Watching Eyes” stimulus) was not effective, even when accompanied by a written behavioral instruction. Instead, cueing a private-self focus (“think of yourself”) was more effective, doubling the level of behavioral compliance. These findings confirm the need to engage the self when trying to instigate self-regulatory action, but that cues evoking self-surveillance may sometimes be more effective than cues that imply external surveillance.

scholarly journals Towards Smart City: Influence of Air Pollution on the Local Community of the Zabrze City in Surveys and Field Research

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 845-850
Author(s):  
Jolanta Ignac-Nowicka
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Toxic Gases ◽  
Accumulation Of Pollutants ◽  
The City

Abstract The results of the conducted pilot research indicated the basic local problems of the residents of Zabrze city. The purpose of the next research was to answer the question: how to improve the quality of life of residents in a city with significant air pollution. Activities aimed at this goal are inscribed in the idea of "smart city". The article presents the results of pilot measurements of air pollution with toxic gases in the Zabrze city in the Silesian agglomeration (Poland). Field studies at selected locations in the city concerned measurements of nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide and carbon dioxide. The aim of these studies was to identify areas of the city with significant air pollution with toxic gases in order to plan further detailed research. Made measurements showed the appearance of the local problem of accumulation of pollutants in several areas of the city. The results obtained were compared with surveys conducted among residents of the Zabrze city. The aim of the survey was to examine the respondents' awareness of: the location of areas with noticeable air pollution and health problems resulting from air pollution in the place of residence. The article also presents a plan of possible actions for the city of Zabrze within the framework of the "smart city" idea to improve the quality of life of the local city community in conditions of increased emission of gas pollution in the city.

scholarly journals As Espiritualidades em Psicoterapeutas Junguianos e Transpessoais: Um Breve Estudo Fenomenológico

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-146
Author(s):  
Aurino Lima FERREIRA ◽  
Laila Anine Candida da SILVA ◽  
Sidney Carlos Rocha da SILVA ◽  
Marlos Alves BEZERRA
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Internal Energy ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
The Self ◽  
Unconditional Love ◽  
Psychological Theories ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The City

Spirituality as a human phenomenon presents itself as a significant aspect in the understanding and promotion of health, yet its study was neglected by psychological theories, with the exception of Jung's pioneering studies and the transpersonal approach. In this sense, we aim to present the vision of spirituality among psychologists from the city of Recife (in Brazil) who are guided by these theoretical lines, indicating how this phenomenon is experienced in their professional practices. We performed a phenomenological qualitative research that had as instrument the semi-structured interview with eight psychologists. The data were analyzed according to Bicudo's phenomenological approach and are in agreement with the scientific literature in this field, which indicates that there is no hegemonic definition of spirituality. There are visions of spiritualities, sometimes singular, sometimes common. Spirituality sometimes appears as synonymous with unconditional love, sometimes as access to the transcendent, without denying immanence. It also arises as internal energy and access to the Higher Self or just the Self. In the clinic it is considered as health promoter and approached from the demand in the Jungian perspective and seen as contextual in the transpersonal. We raised reflections on the importance of spirituality to the understanding of human being in its complexity.

scholarly journals Theoretical interpretation of fetch limited wind-drivensea observations

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1011-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. E. Zakharov
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Waves ◽  
Wave Breaking ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
The Self ◽  
Theoretical Interpretation ◽  
Simple Analytical Model ◽  
Surface Gravity Waves ◽  
Interaction Terms ◽  
Self Similar ◽  
Similar Solutions

Abstract. We show that the results of major fetch limited field studies of wind-generated surface gravity waves on deep water can be explained in the framework of simple analytical model. The spectra measured in these experiments are described by self-similar solutions of ``conservative" Hasselmann equation that includes only advective and nonlinear interaction terms. Interaction with the wind and dissipation due to the wave breaking indirectly defines parameters of the self-similar solutions.

Lichens and sulphur dioxide air pollution: field studies

1993 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. D. Seaward
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Sulphur Dioxide ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Energy Policies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Clean Air

The recent spread of air pollution, particularly sulphur dioxide, throughout Europe and elsewhere over the past 200 years is accurately reflected by the decline of lichens. Lichens have proved highly versatile for monitoring not only increasing but also decreasing levels of air pollution in general and, more recently, qualitative differences brought about by changes in energy policies, clean air legislation, and agricultural practices. The use of lichens as biological monitors of sulphur dioxide pollution over the past 150 years is reviewed, and techniques such as zonal mapping, pollution indexes, monitoring scales, and modelling are covered to demonstrate their effectiveness in air quality surveillance, often over wide geographical areas, where physicochemical equipment is often inadequate or indeed nonexistent.Key words: lichens, air pollution, sulphur dioxide, field studies.

scholarly journals Smart parking :an efficient approach to city’s smart management and air pollution reduction

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Jalalaldin Faraji ◽  
Marjan Jafari Nozar
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Urban Management ◽  
Related Disorder ◽  
Parking Lots ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
Smart Parking ◽  
The Many ◽  
The One ◽  
Urban Parking

Introduction: Due to increasing the population of cities and the physical-spatial expansion of the cities, vehicles are being used progressively, which has caused many problems for the cities including traffic increase, chaos in finding urban parking lots, increase of environmental pollution, decrease of citizens’ satisfaction, and so on. Among the many urban problems, parking lot is one of the issues that has been heavily debated in recent years. The lack of sufficient number of parking lots, on the one hand, and the related disorder and management problems, on the other hand, have led to a range of managerial and environmental problems. Meanwhile, one of the paradigms that has focused on this issue in recent years is smart city paradigm, which has offered the smart parking. This paradigm believes that parking, as a part of the city’s space, can be smart and can help urban management.   Materials and methods: This is an applied research in terms of purpose and a descriptive-analytical research in terms of nature. The required data were collected using documentary and field studies and SWOT method was used to analyze the data.   Results: This study was conducted to evaluate and investigate the role of smart parking in increasing the efficiency of urban management and its im-pact on reducing air pollution.   Conclusion: Finally, the conclusion of the research have led to key strategies for achieving the research goal.

scholarly journals The Reality to Islamic Behavior and The Quality of Human Resources Performance at The Zakat Fund in Lebanon - Dar Al Fatwa

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-69
Author(s):  
Souad Mahdi ◽  
Nurazmallail Marni
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Environmental Behavior ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Self ◽  
Behavioral Training ◽  
Ethical System ◽  
Islamic View

This research aims to reveal the level of Islamic behavior and the quality of the performance of human resources at the Zakat Fund in Lebanon - Dar Al Fatwa, from the point of view of human resources who were estimated at 125 individuals who served in the institution during the period of obtaining the ISO international quality certificate and to compare the results with some partial studies. A questionnaire was designed and analyzed. It expresses the level of Islamic behavior through its four domains related to its ethical system represented in behavior towards the Almighty God, towards the self, and towards others. Its dimensions were chosen through politeness with God Almighty, integrity, humility, and environmental behavior, within the framework of three main axes that are the work environment, the personal environment and Islamic behavior training. The quality of human resources performance has been measured through the dimensions of the ServQual scale, which expresses the quality of performance. The SPSS program was used to analyze the respondents' estimates. This research clarifies the Islamic view on the necessity to balance behavior and not to contradict it between the work environment, and the personal environment, and the importance of behavioral training. It also points out the need to work on standards of behavior in order to focus on improving performance. This paper attempts to provide a measure to verify the level of quality of performance, and the level of Islamic behavior in line with Islam in its behavioral view that stresses the homogeneity of behavior in the workplace, the personal environment, and behavioral training. This measure will support the civilized view of Islam and its institutions and alleviate Islamophobia.

Crossing Ethical Boundaries in the Pursuit of Passion: How Passion Gaps Cause Unethical Pro-Organizational Behavior

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Jachimowicz ◽  
Zachary Brown ◽  
Joel Brockner ◽  
Adam Galinsky
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Unethical Behavior ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Causal Chain ◽  
The Self ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Chain Analysis ◽  
Predicting Success

Many contemporary organizations encourage their employees' pursuit of passion for work. However, we propose that this strategy may simultaneously increase the likelihood their employees engage in unethical pro-organizational behavior (UPB), immoral acts that benefit the company. Specifically, we suggest that when employees fall short of desired levels of work passion-i.e., when they experience a "passion gap"-their sense of self is threatened. One way employees deal with the self-threat elicited by passion gaps is by engaging in UPB, which gives them the feeling that they are worthy organizational members. Eight studies (N = 2,695)-including two field studies, an experimental-causal-chain analysis, and two intervention studies-provide support for the proposed relationships between passion gaps, self-threat, and the tendency to engage in UPB. Two interventions highlight factors that directly attenuate the self-threat prompted by passion gaps: (1) having employees engage in self-affirmation, and (2) de-emphasizing the role of passion in predicting success. Our results suggest that organizations' increased emphasis on the pursuit of passion may have an unintended consequence: it leads those employees who fall short of desired levels of passion to engage in unethical behavior designed to help the company, which may harm the organization in the long-run.

Me or I? The Search for the Self in the Early Writings of Katherine Mansfield

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Edensor
Keyword(s):  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
William James ◽  
The Self ◽  
Katherine Mansfield ◽  
Psychological Theories ◽  
Human Psyche

Katherine Mansfield’s diaries and letters reveal a lifelong concern with notions of the self. In this paper, I examine two of Mansfield’s early stories, ‘Vignette: Summer in Winter’ and ‘The Education of Audrey’, to explore how her enquiry into the construction of the self in fiction demonstrates some affinity with the psychological theories of William James and Sigmund Freud. Mansfield’s approach is intuitive, and this gives rise to contradiction as she experiments with the lexicon of the self and with the form and structure of her stories. Whilst Mansfield posed no ‘theory’ of the self in an academic sense, her fiction does however, illustrate her continuing attempts to puzzle out, and to accurately represent, the complex and mutable nature of the human psyche.

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