Programed Instruction and the Exceptional Learner

1968 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 453-457
Author(s):  
Gordon F. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Operant Conditioning ◽  
Contingency Management ◽  
Exceptional Child ◽  
Effective Learning ◽  
Learning Efficiency ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Growing Body

A rapidly growing body of research in the development of effective learning procedures is being produced through experimentation in operant conditioning, programed instruction, and computerized education. Conceivably, technological advances will enable every child to learn at his own rate. The exceptional child with the necessary biological equipment can learn; to expect him not to learn is not only inconsistent with the facts but also contributes heavily to the possibility that he will not learn. Curricula which integrate programed instruction and contingency management can provide the environments necessary for maximizing learning efficiency.

Relationships of Awareness to Verbal Learning Efficiency and Meaning Change

1966 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 875-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. William Miller
Keyword(s):  
Classical Conditioning ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Operant Conditioning ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
The Other ◽  
Response Frequency ◽  
Learning Efficiency ◽  
Meaning Change ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Verbal Operant

The general relationship of awareness to learning efficiency was investigated in a 2 × 2 factorial design with 20 Ss in each of four groups. Classical conditioning of meaning and verbal operant conditioning procedures were studied under two sets of instructions: one stated vague experimental purposes and the other, exact purposes. Ss' awareness of experimental procedures and purposes was measured Results indicated that with both classical and operant conditioning change in meaning occurred without awareness by Ss. A classical conditioning explanation of change in meaning was supported, but an operant conditioning explanation of change in terms of response frequency was not strengthened.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI PAIKEM PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KOMPETENSI, KUALITAS, EFISIENSI DAN EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Indrayati Indrayati
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
Project Based Learning ◽  
Learning Effectiveness ◽  
Student Centered ◽  
Student Centered Learning ◽  
Effective Learning ◽  
Learning Efficiency ◽  
Creative Learning ◽  
Class Room ◽  
Learning Competence

The research aimed at developing and implementing the PAIKEM method with Student centered learning, Project Based Learningand cooperative learning, effective learning, fun Learningso the learning in the accounting department  able to produce high quality human resources so able to compete  in the global  or international market. The research method was quantitative with data collection by using interview, questionnaire, documentation, triangulation from class room action  research.  Analysis method done with Manova to know the influence of the Paikem method implementation toward competence, quality, efficiency, and effectiveness of learning. The results showed that student centered learning, cooperative learning, fun learning influence insignificantly toward learning competence, while project based learning, creative learning, effective learning influence significantly toward learning competence.  Then student centered learning, cooperative learning, fun learning influence insignificantly toward learning quality, while project based learning, creative learning, effective learning influence significantly to the learning quality.  Then student centered learning, creative learning influence insignificantly toward the learning efficiency, while project based learning, cooperative learning, effective learning influence significantly toward learning efficiency. Toward learning efficiency.  Then student centered learning,  creative learning, effective learning influence insignificantly toward learning effectiveness, while project based learning, cooperative learning, fun learning influence significantly toward learning effectiveness.

SFE Learning Model for High School Mandarin Teachers in Tebing Tinggi City

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-469
Author(s):  
Julina ◽  
Niza Ayuningtias ◽  
Rudiansyah
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
School Students ◽  
Effective Learning ◽  
Teacher Skills ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Mandarin Language ◽  
Training Activities

This research is entitled 'SFE Learning Model for Mandarin Language Teachers at Senior High Schools in Tebing Tinggi City.' This activity aims to provide assistance in an effort to improve teacher skills in teaching Mandarin to high school students. This teaching training was carried out through a community service program with partner teachers in Tebing Tinggi City High School. This activity started from the anxiety of the principal, where the teacher had not been able to create an attractive and effective learning model. The research used training and mentoring method, starting with socialization activities and then opening in the form of offline motivational seminars. Furthermore, training activities were carried out online using the Zoom Meeting media for two months, involving teachers. The strategy in this activity used the Student Facilitator and Explaining (SFE) type of cooperative learning model. The results of this study are expected to be useful for all teachers in creating an interactive learning atmosphere, with various forms of games and facilitated by current technological advances.

Effective Learning and Teaching

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Koimah ◽  
Adib Rifqi Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Science Education ◽  
Technology Education ◽  
Effective Teachers ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Research Knowledge ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Effective Learning ◽  
Craft Knowledge ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Principles Of Learning

Although science education emphasizes what students should learn, it also recognizes that how science is taught is equally important. In planning instruction, effective teachers draw on a growing body of research knowledge about the nature of learning and on craft knowledge about teaching that has stood the test of time. Typically, they consider the special characteristics of the material to be learned, the background of their students, and the conditions under which the teaching and learning are to take place. This article presents—nonsystematically and with no claim of completeness—some principles of learning and teaching that characterize the approach of such teachers. Many of those principles apply to learning and teaching in general, but clearly some are especially important in science, mathematics, and technology education. For convenience, learning and teaching are presented here in separate sections, even though they are closely interrelated.

scholarly journals SFE Learning Model for High School Mandarin Teachers in Tebing Tinggi City

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-475
Author(s):  
Julina Julina ◽  
Niza Ayuningtias ◽  
Rudiansyah Rudiansyah
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
School Students ◽  
Effective Learning ◽  
Teacher Skills ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Mandarin Language ◽  
Training Activities

This research is entitled 'SFE Learning Model for Mandarin Language Teachers at Senior High Schools in Tebing Tinggi City.' This activity aims to provide assistance in an effort to improve teacher skills in teaching Mandarin to high school students. This teaching training was carried out through a community service program with partner teachers in Tebing Tinggi City High School. This activity started from the anxiety of the principal, where the teacher had not been able to create an attractive and effective learning model. The research used training and mentoring method, starting with socialization activities and then opening in the form of offline motivational seminars. Furthermore, training activities were carried out online using the Zoom Meeting media for two months, involving teachers. The strategy in this activity used the Student Facilitator and Explaining (SFE) type of cooperative learning model. The results of this study are expected to be useful for all teachers in creating an interactive learning atmosphere, with various forms of games and facilitated by current technological advances.

High-resolution measurement of birefringent fine structure in living cells using a new polarized light microscope

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 54-55
Author(s):  
Rudolf Oldenbourg
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscope ◽  
Fluorescent Dyes ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Molecular Organization ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Image Recording ◽  
Birefringent Crystal ◽  
Technological Advances

The recent renaissance of the light microsope is fueled in part by technological advances in components on the periphery of the microscope, such as the laser as illumination source, electronic image recording (video), computer assisted image analysis and the biochemistry of fluorescent dyes for labeling specimens. After great progress in these peripheral parts, it seems timely to examine the optics itself and ask how progress in the periphery facilitates the use of new optical components and of new optical designs inside the microscope. Some results of this fruitful reflection are presented in this symposium.We have considered the polarized light microscope, and developed a design that replaces the traditional compensator, typically a birefringent crystal plate, with a precision universal compensator made of two liquid crystal variable retarders. A video camera and digital image processing system provide fast measurements of specimen anisotropy (retardance magnitude and azimuth) at ALL POINTS of the image forming the field of view. The images document fine structural and molecular organization within a thin optical section of the specimen.

“Getting High Resolution Out of A High Voltage Microscope”

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 822-825
Author(s):  
David J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Theoretical Limit ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
High Voltage Electron Microscope ◽  
High Voltage Electron ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Potential Improvement ◽  
Lower Voltage

The initial attractions of the high voltage electron microscope (HVEM) stemmed mainly from the possibility of considerable increases in electron penetration through thick specimens compared with conventional 100KV microscopes, although the potential improvement in resolution associated with the decrease in election wavelength had been fully appreciated for many years (eg. Cosslett, 1946)1, even if not realizable in practice. Subsequent technological advances enabled the performance of lower voltage machines to be brought closer to the theoretical limit, to be followed in turn by more recent projects which have been successful, eventually, in achieving even higher resolution with dedicated higher voltage instruments such as those at Kyoto (500KV)2, Munich (400KV)3, Ibaraki (1250KV)4 and Cambridge (600KV)5. It does not necessarily follow however that the performance of journal high voltage microscopes can be easily upgraded, retrospectively, to the same level, as will be discussed in detail below.

Family Support in Early Hearing Detection and Intervention (EHDI) Systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
Patti Martin ◽  
Nannette Nicholson ◽  
Charia Hall
Keyword(s):  
Family Support ◽  
Hard Of Hearing ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Annual Conference ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Think Tank ◽  
Learning Collaborative ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
Program Components

Family support has evolved from a buzzword of the 1990s to a concept founded in theory, mandated by federal law, valued across disciplines, and espoused by both parents and professionals. This emphasis on family-centered practices for families of young children with disabilities, coupled with federal policy initiatives and technological advances, served as the impetus for the development of Early Hearing Detection and Intervention (EHDI) programs (Nicholson & Martin, in press). White, Forsman, Eichwald, and Muñoz (2010) provide an excellent review of the evolution of EHDI systems, which include family support as one of their 9 components. The National Center for Hearing Assessment and Management (NCHAM), the Maternal and Child Health Bureau, and the Center for Disease Control Centers cosponsored the first National EHDI Conference. This conference brought stakeholders including parents, practitioners, and researchers from diverse backgrounds together to form a learning collaborative (Forsman, 2002). Attendees represented a variety of state, national, and/or federal agencies and organizations. This forum focused effort on the development of EHDI programs infused with translating research into practices and policy. When NCHAM, recognizing the critical role of family support in the improvement of outcomes for both children and families, created a think tank to investigate the concept of a conference centered on support for families of children who are deaf or hard of hearing in 2005, the “Investing in Family Support” (IFSC) conference was born. This conference was specifically designed to facilitate and enhance EHDI efforts within the family support arena. From this venue, a model of family support was conceptualized and has served as the cornerstone of the IFSC annual conference since 2006. Designed to be a functional framework, the IFSC model delineates where and how families find support. In this article, we will promote and encourage continued efforts towards defining operational measures and program components to ultimately quantify success as it relates to improved outcomes for these children and their families. The authors view this opportunity to revisit the theoretical underpinnings of family support, the emerging research in this area, and the basics of the IFSC Model of Family Support as a call to action. We challenge professionals who work with children identified as deaf or hard of hearing to move family support from conceptualization to practices that are grounded in evidence and ever mindful of the unique and dynamic nature of individual families.

FM Verification for the 21 st Century

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leisha Eiten ◽  
Dawna Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Current Technology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Children With Hearing Loss

Background: For children with hearing loss, the benefits of FM systems in overcoming deleterious effects of noise, distance, and reverberation have led to recommendations for use beyond classroom settings. It is important that audiologists who recommend and fit these devices understand the rationale and procedures underlying fitting and verification. Objectives: This article reviews previousguidelines for FM verification, addresses technological advances, and introduces verification procedures appropriate for current FM and hearing-aid technology. Methods: Previous guidelines for verification of FM systems are reviewed. Those recommendations that are appropriate for current technology are addressed, as are procedures that are no longer adequate for hearing aids and FM systems utilizing more complex processing than in the past. Technological advances are discussed, and an updated approach to FM verification is proposed. Conclusions: Approaches to verification andfitting of FM systems must keep pace with advances in hearing-aid and FM technology. The transparency approach addressed in this paper is recommended for verification of FM systems coupled to hearing aids.

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