Effects of Lighting and Background with Common Signal Lights on Human Peripheral Color Vision

The research reported investigated two aspects of binocular peripheral color vision important to an industrial situation, viz., relative color fields of red, yellow, green, and blue test lights; and false color identification under independent variables of color of background, environmental light, and test position. Four male subjects with a similar peripheral vision field (within ± 2° of one another) were selected for the study. In general, blue and yellow lights used on a gray background with a low level of environmental light gives the best results for the greatest recognition distance of color and the least number of errors made. Subjects displayed large variation, indicating justification for an industrial firm to institute testing procedures to obtain workers that meet specific peripheral color vision requirements.

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Co-design of Color Identification Applications Using Scenario-Based Personas for People with Impaired Color Vision

HCI International 2020 – Late Breaking Papers: Universal Access and Inclusive Design - Lecture Notes in Computer Science ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-60149-2_14 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 171-183

Author(s):

Mawaddah AlSabban ◽

Arwa Karim ◽

Virginia H. Sun ◽

Jood Hashim ◽

Osama AlSayed

Keyword(s):

Color Vision ◽

Color Identification

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Color Identification: Guiding Children with Color Vision Deficiency to Learn Art

10.2991/assehr.k.210813.111 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zimo Hui

Keyword(s):

Color Vision ◽

Color Vision Deficiency ◽

Color Identification

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Reliability of Measurement of Glenohumeral Internal Rotation, External Rotation, and Total Arc of Motion in 3 Test Positions

Journal of Athletic Training ◽

10.4085/1062-6050-49.3.31 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 49 (5) ◽

pp. 640-646 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Mark A. Kevern ◽

Michael Beecher ◽

Smita Rao

Keyword(s):

Internal Rotation ◽

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Intraclass Correlation Coefficient ◽

Interrater Reliability ◽

External Rotation ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Test Procedure ◽

Intrarater Reliability ◽

Testing Procedures ◽

Test Position

Context: Athletes who participate in throwing and racket sports consistently demonstrate adaptive changes in glenohumeral-joint internal and external rotation in the dominant arm. Measurements of these motions have demonstrated excellent intrarater and poor interrater reliability. Objective: To determine intrarater reliability, interrater reliability, and standard error of measurement for shoulder internal rotation, external rotation, and total arc of motion using an inclinometer in 3 testing procedures in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I baseball and softball athletes. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Athletic department. Patients or Other Participants Thirty-eight players participated in the study. Shoulder internal rotation, external rotation, and total arc of motion were measured by 2 investigators in 3 test positions. The standard supine position was compared with a side-lying test position, as well as a supine test position without examiner overpressure. Results: Excellent intrarater reliability was noted for all 3 test positions and ranges of motion, with intraclass correlation coefficient values ranging from 0.93 to 0.99. Results for interrater reliability were less favorable. Reliability for internal rotation was highest in the side-lying position (0.68) and reliability for external rotation and total arc was highest in the supine-without-overpressure position (0.774 and 0.713, respectively). The supine-with-overpressure position yielded the lowest interrater reliability results in all positions. The side-lying position had the most consistent results, with very little variation among intraclass correlation coefficient values for the various test positions. Conclusions: The results of our study clearly indicate that the side-lying test procedure is of equal or greater value than the traditional supine-with-overpressure method.

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Prevalence of inherited color vision deficiency among male school teenagers in Nablus, Palestine

International Eye Research ◽

10.18240/ier.2021.01.08 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 45-49

Author(s):

Mohammad M. Shehadeh ◽

◽

Ammar A. Aghbar ◽

Mu'ath Salman ◽

Liana Labadi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Color Vision ◽

School Children ◽

Computer Software ◽

Test Results ◽

Color Vision Deficiency ◽

Western Countries ◽

Male Subjects

AIM: To find out the prevalence of inherited color vision deficiency (CVD) among Palestinian male-school children aged 14-18 and compare it with other eastern and western countries. METHODS: Six hundred and thirty-four male subjects (n=634) aged 14-18 from Palestinian Governorate of Nablus were randomly selected and screened using Ishihara pseudoisochromatic plates. Subjects who failed Ishihara screening were tested further with computer software of Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue test. RESULTS: Out of the 634 male participants, 597 were included in the study and 8.0% of them (48 males) demonstrated red-green CVD. 5.4%, 2.3% and 0.3% of the 48 males exhibited deutan, protan and total color vision deficiency (monochromacy), respectively. CONCLUSION: The results show that the prevalence of red-green CVD among the male school children from Palestinian Governorate of Nablus is not significantly different from that of male populations in nearby and Western countries.

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The effect of acceleration on color vision

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp160622288r ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 75 (6) ◽

pp. 623-631

Author(s):

Danijela Randjelovic ◽

Miroslav Pavlovic

Keyword(s):

Color Vision ◽

Color Perception ◽

Inertial Force ◽

Pilot Training ◽

Signal Tracking ◽

Significant Percentage ◽

Before And After ◽

Color Identification ◽

Military Pilots ◽

Exposure Methods

Background/Aim. Over 80% of all information a pilot receives during the flight is visual with color perception being one of the most important visual functions for managing an aircraft. The reception of color is of high significance in aviation due to the importance of signal tracking on instrument panels as well as the importance of visual stimulus and environment signs. There is no sufficient number of papers and studies that deal with this issue, although recent studies have shown that the connection between acceleration and color perception exists. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the correlation between pilot exposure to +Gz acceleration in human centrifuge and color perception before and after acceleration exposure. Methods. Subjects of the study were 40 military pilots, aged 35?45, with 10 and 20 years of flying experience. Pilots were exposed to +Gz acceleration (inertial force acts from head to feet) in the human centrifuge for pilot training with accelerations of +2Gz, +5.5Gz up to +7Gz. The tests focused on color perception before and after the exposure to the acceleration. Results. Out of 40 pilots examined for color vision, in 35 (87.50%) had normal results in color identification before and after +Gz; 5.00% (2 subjects) had two mistakes ? reading number 5 instead of number 3, which falls within the normal trichomes, and reading number 16 instead of number 26. Three subjects (7.50%) gave their answers slower than the accepted response time. After the +7Gz exposure, 34 (85%) persons had normal results in color identification, 2 (5%) subjects made three mistakes ? at numbers 5, 74 and 26; one (2.50%) pilot made four mistakes on numbers 5, 7, 74 and 26; 7.50% (3 pilots) of the subjects identified colors slower. Conclusion. Color perception in pilots is unstable on high +Gz accelerations. Exposure to +5.5Gz acceleration does not lead to significant changes in color perception, while exposure to +7Gz acceleration showed a significant percentage of reversible disturbance in color perception which lasted for 10 minutes.

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Fine structure of the retina of the giant scallop, Placopecten magellanicus

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100111677 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

pp. 312-313

Author(s):

C.V.L. Powell

Keyword(s):

Fine Structure ◽

Electron Microscope ◽

Light Intensity ◽

Scanning Electron Microscope ◽

Eye Development ◽

Preliminary Observation ◽

Columnar Epithelium ◽

Placopecten Magellanicus ◽

Environmental Light ◽

Scanning Electron

The overall fine structure of the eye in Placopecten is similar to that of other scallops. The optic tentacle consists of an outer columnar epithelium which is modified into a pigmented iris and a cornea (Fig. 1). This capsule encloses the cellular lens, retina, reflecting argentea and the pigmented tapetum. The retina is divided into two parts (Fig. 2). The distal retina functions in the detection of movement and the proximal retina monitors environmental light intensity. The purpose of the present study is to describe the ultrastructure of the retina as a preliminary observation on eye development. This is also the first known presentation of scanning electron microscope studies of the eye of the scallop.

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Ultrastructural Study of Human Testicular Biopsies in Infertility

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100090762 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 34 ◽

pp. 156-157

Author(s):

Shirley Siew ◽

Philip Troen ◽

Howard R. Nankin

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽

Basement Membrane ◽

Leydig Cells ◽

Clinical Evidence ◽

Young Male ◽

Germinal Epithelium ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Age Range ◽

Male Subjects

Testicular biopsies were obtained from six young male subjects (age range 24-33) who complained of infertility and who had clinical evidence of oligospermia. This was confirmed on histological examination which showed a broad spectrum from profound hypospermatogenesis to relatively normal appearing germinal epithelium. Thickening of the tubular walls was noted in half of the cases and slight peritubular fibrosis in one. The Leydig cells were reported as normal or unremarkable.Transmission electron microscopy showed that the thickening of the supporting tissue of the germinal epithelium was caused more by an increase in the thickness of the layers of the lamina propria than of the tubular wall itself. The changes in the basement membrane of the tubular wall consisted mostly of a greater degree of infolding into the tubule and some reduplication which gave rise to a multilayered appearance.

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Two structural states of the Z-band in cardiac and skeletal muscle

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100157097 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 1022-1023

Author(s):

J.P. Schroeter ◽

M.A. Goldstein ◽

J.P. Bretaudiere ◽

L.H. Michael ◽

R.L. Sass

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Cross Section ◽

Real Space ◽

Contractile State ◽

Contour Maps ◽

False Color ◽

Grey Scale ◽

Fourier Filtering ◽

Cardiac Muscles ◽

Enhancement Algorithm

We have recently established the existence of two structural states of the Z band lattice in cross section in cardiac as well as in skeletal muscle. The two structural states are related to the contractile state of the muscle. In skeletal muscle at rest, the Z band is in the small square (ss) lattice form, but tetanized muscle exhibits the basket weave (bw) form. In contrast, unstimu- lated cardiac muscle exhibits the bw form, but cardiac muscles exposed to EGTA show the ss form.We have used two-dimensional computer enhancement techniques on digitized electron micrographs to compare each lattice form as it appears in both cardiac and skeletal muscle. Both real space averaging and fourier filtering methods were used. Enhanced images were displayed as grey-scale projections, as contour maps, and in false color.There is only a slight difference between the lattices produced by the two different enhancement techniques. Thus the information presented in these images is not likely to be an artifact of the enhancement algorithm.

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