The Direction of Wage Spillovers in Manufacturing

ILR Review ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Vroman
Keyword(s):  
Union Wage ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Spillover Effect ◽  
Traditional View ◽  
Model Specification ◽  
Wage Change ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Nonunion Wage ◽  
Data Period ◽  
The U.S

This study develops a model of wage behavior for both union and nonunion workers in the U.S. manufacturing sector and tests that model with separate union and nonunion wage-change series covering the period 1960 to 1978. The empirical results support the traditional view that union wage behavior influences or spills over into nonunion wage changes but not vice versa. These results are of particular interest because they contrast sharply with an earlier study by Flanagan that reported an opposite spillover effect. Flanagan's results are shown to be quite sensitive to the choice of model specification and data period.

scholarly journals Maritime unions and the U.S. merchant marine

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
Richard L Clarke
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Labor Unions ◽  
Union Membership ◽  
Union Wage ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Historical Role ◽  
The U.S

U.S. maritime unions have played a vital historical role in both the defense and the economic development of the United States. The economic and the political forces that helped shape and promote the growth of U.S. seafaring labor unions changed dramatically in the 1990s. Maritime union membership in the United States has fallen by more than 80 per cent since 1950. Inflexible union work rules and high union wage scales have contributed to this decline. Recent regulatory and industry changes require a new union approach if U. S. maritime unions are to survive the next decade.

scholarly journals The Economic Underpinnings of the Drug Epidemic

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Seltzer
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
Drug Overdose ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
State Level ◽  
Opioid Overdose ◽  
Transformative Change ◽  
Drug Deaths ◽  
Overdose Deaths ◽  
The U.S

U.S. labor markets have experienced transformative change over the past half century. Spurred on by global economic change, robotization, and the decline of labor unions, state labor markets have shifted away from an occupational regime dominated by the production of goods to one characterized by the provision of services. Prior studies have proposed that deterioration of employment opportunities may be associated with the rise of substance use disorders and drug overdose deaths, yet no clear link between changes in labor market dynamics in the U.S. manufacturing sector and drug overdose deaths has been established. Using restricted-use vital registration records between 1999-2017 that comprise over 700,000 drug deaths, I test two questions. First, what is the association between manufacturing decline and drug and opioid overdose mortality rates? Second, how much of the increase in these drug-related outcomes can be accounted for by manufacturing decline? The findings provide strong evidence that restructuring of the U.S. labor market has played an important upstream role in the current drug crisis. Up to 77,000 overdose deaths for men and up to 40,000 overdose deaths for women are attributable to the decline of state-level manufacturing over this nearly two-decade period. These results persist in models that adjust for other social, economic, and policy trends changing at the same time, including the supply of prescription opioids. Critically, the findings signal the value of policy interventions that aim to reduce persistent economic precarity experienced by individuals and communities, especially the economic strain placed upon the middle class.

scholarly journals The Effects from The U.S. and Japan to Emerging Stock Markets in Asia and Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
SDAG Lab
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Stock Markets ◽  
Spillover Effect ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Volatility Spillovers ◽  
Return Effect ◽  
Asian Emerging Markets ◽  
The U.S

The subprime mortgage crisis in the U.S. in mid-2008 suggests that stock prices volatility do spillover from one market to another after international stock markets downturn. The purpose of this paper is to examine the magnitude of return and volatility spillovers from developed markets (the U.S. and Japan) to eight emerging equity markets (India, China, Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand) and Vietnam. Employing a mean and volatility spillover model that deals with the U.S. and Japan shocks and day effects as exogenous variables in ARMA(1,1), GARCH(1,1) for Asian emerging markets, the study finds some interesting findings. Firstly, the day effect is present on six out of nine studied markets, except for the Indian, Taiwanese and Philippine. Secondly, the results of return spillover confirm significant spillover effects across the markets with different magnitudes. Specifically, the U.S. exerts a stronger influence on the Malaysian, Philippine and Vietnamese market compared with Japan. In contrast, Japan has a higher spillover effect on the Chinese, Indian, Korea, and Thailand than the U.S. For the Indonesian market, the the return effect is equal. Finally, there is no evidence of a volatility effect of the U.S. and Japanese markets on the Asian emerging markets in this study.

scholarly journals Vertical spillovers from multinational enterprises: Does technological gap matter?

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosanna Pittiglio ◽  
Filippo Reganati ◽  
Edgardo Sica
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Multinational Enterprises ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Spillover Effect ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Technological Gap ◽  
Local Companies ◽  
The Relationship

Foreign direct investment (FDI) from Multinational enterprises (MNEs) can augment the productivity of domestic firms insofar as knowledge ?spills over? from foreign investors to local producers. The capacity of local companies to exploit knowledge from MNEs can be affected by the technology gap between foreign and local enterprises at both horizontal (in the same industry) and vertical (in different industries) level. Whereas most of the empirical literature has focused exclusively on the analysis of horizontal and backward spillovers (i.e. between MNEs and local suppliers), the present paper also examines the relationship between FDI-related spillovers and technological gap in the Italian manufacturing sector at forward level (i.e. between MNEs and local buyers). Results suggest that at both intra-industry and forward level, the technological gap is of considerable importance for the spillover effect, particularly in the case of low-medium gap.

Adoption of Information Technology Governance in the Electronics Manufacturing Sector in Malaysia

2011 ◽  
pp. 41-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wil Ly Teo ◽  
Khong Sin Tan
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
It Governance ◽  
Electronics Manufacturing ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Technology Governance ◽  
Information Technology Governance ◽  
The Right ◽  
Expected Outcomes

Past studies and surveys of top management in business and information technology (IT) have shown the importance of strong IT governance in delivering results to the business. This research investigates the extent to which empirical results from past studies is applicable to the electronics manufacturing sector in Malaysia. Empirical evidence from 33 organisations in this sector indicates that having the right decision owners making appropriate decision types lead to better IT governance performance. Organisations with growth as their primary goal demonstrate marginally higher IT governance performance, contrary to expected outcomes. The research also shows that awareness of industry IT governance frameworks is not related to IT governance performance. We conclude that adoption of IT governance is on track, though familiarity with technicalities of the available frameworks should be improved.

scholarly journals The Economics of Outdoor Recreation Congestion: A Case study of Camping

1979 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Geoffrey Allen ◽  
Thomas H. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Outdoor Recreation ◽  
Model Misspecification ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
High Density ◽  
Model Specification ◽  
Demand Model ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Congestion Effects

Bias in estimating recreational values may result if congestion is ignored in the demand model specification. Theoretical and empirical considerations pertaining to recreation congestion are summarized. Empirical results for camping in Western Massachusetts are presented which demonstrate the potential degree of bias from demand model misspecification. The results indicate that recreational values may be strongly influenced by congestion effects and that camping areas with relatively low densities may have a higher economic value than high density areas with similar facilities.

COINTEGRATING REGRESSIONS WITH TIME VARYING COEFFICIENTS

1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 664-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joon Y. Park ◽  
Sang B. Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Efficient Method ◽  
Demand Function ◽  
Model Specification ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Smooth Functions ◽  
Varying Coefficients ◽  
Automobile Demand ◽  
Time Varying Coefficients ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Over Time

This paper considers cointegrating regressions with time varying coefficients. The coefficients are modeled as smooth functions evolving over time. It is shown that they can be estimated nonparametrically, using suitably modified series estimators. Presented is the efficient method of estimation, which relies on simple prefiltering of the data and preestimation of the model. The test for the adequacy of model specification is also developed. Our model and statistical methods are applied to analyze the U.S. automobile demand function.

scholarly journals Price Dependence between Different Beef Cuts and Quality Grades: A Copula Approach at the Retail Level for the U.S. Beef Industry

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Panagiotou ◽  
Athanassios Stavrakoudis
Keyword(s):  
Beef Industry ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Monthly Data ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Quality Grade ◽  
Copula Approach ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The U.S

AbstractThe objective of this study is to assess the degree and the structure of price dependence between different cuts of the beef industry in the USA. This is pursued using the statistical tool of copulas. To this end, it utilizes retail monthly data of beef cuts, within and between the quality grades of Choice and Select, over the period 2000–2014. For the Choice quality grade, there was evidence of asymmetric price co-movements between all six pairs of beef cuts under consideration. No evidence of asymmetric price co-movements was found between the three pairs of beef cuts for the Select quality grade. For the pairs of beef cuts formed between the Choice and Select quality grades, the empirical results point to the existence of price asymmetry only for the case of the chuck roast cut.

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