“Double Burden of Malnutrition”

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vani S. Kulkarni ◽  
Veena S. Kulkarni ◽  
Raghav Gaiha
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Socioeconomic Group ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Curative Care ◽  
Double Burden Of Malnutrition ◽  
Nationally Representative

India has one of the highest rates of underweight burden, with signs of rising obesity. Coexistence of underweight and overweight persons is symptomatic of the “double burden of malnutrition.” The present study throws new light on the “double burden of malnutrition” among Indian women in the age group 22–49 years. The analysis is based on a nationally representative household survey, India Human Development Survey. Our results indicate the continuing pattern of socioeconomic segregation of underweight and overweight/obese women, with a large concentration of underweight women among the low socioeconomic group and of overweight/obese women among the high socioeconomic group. Further, relative food prices of food items like cereals and vegetables are significantly associated with the risk of being underweight and overweight/obese. Additionally, we find notable rural/urban differences. The relationship between socioeconomic factors and the probability of being underweight and overweight/obese is stronger in urban than in rural areas. Given that the health implications of being underweight and overweight/obese are equally grim, provision of healthy food items at affordable prices and implementation of programs for preventive and curative care of plausible illnesses related to underweight and overweight/obese are imperative.

scholarly journals Trends and determinants of underweight and overweight/obesity among urban Ethiopian women from 2000 to 2016

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kedir Yimam Ahmed ◽  
Solomon Abrha ◽  
Andrew Page ◽  
Amit Arora ◽  
Solomon Shiferaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Urban Women ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Never Married ◽  
Demographic Transitions ◽  
Double Burden Of Malnutrition ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Background:Nutritional, epidemiological and demographic transitions have been associated with the emergence of the double burden of malnutrition globally. In Ethiopia, there has been no nationally representative investigation of trends and determinants of both underweight and overweight/obesity among urban women. This study examined the trends and determinants of underweight and overweight/obesity in urban Ethiopian women from 2000 to 2016.Methods:Trends in the prevalence of underweight and overweight/obesity were investigated based on a series of the Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) data for the years 2000 (n=2559), 2005 (n=1112), 2011 (n=3569), and 2016 (n=3106). Multivariable multinomial logistic regression was used to investigate the association between socioeconomic, demographic, behavioural, and community-level factors with underweight and overweight/obesity.Results:The prevalence of underweight in urban Ethiopian women reduced significantly from 23.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 20.3%, 26.3%) in 2000 to 14.8% (95% CI: 13.1%, 16.7%) in 2016, while overweight/obesity increased significantly from 10.9% (95% CI: 9.1%, 13.0%) in 2000 to 21.4% (95% CI: 18.2%, 25.1%) in 2016. Urban women from rich households and those who had never married were less likely to be underweight. Urban women who were from wealthy households and those who attained at least secondary education were more likely to be overweight/obese. Women who were informally employed and listened to the radio were less likely to be overweight/obese compared to those who were unemployed and did not listen to the radio, respectively.Conclusion:The prevalence of overweight/obesity increased from 2000 to 2016, with a concurrent reduction in the prevalence of underweight. Interventions aiming to reduce overweight and obesity should target urban women with higher education, those who resided in wealthier households and those who watched the television.

scholarly journals Impact of food price increases on poverty in Indonesia: empirical evidence from cross-sectional data

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faharuddin Faharuddin ◽  
M. Yamin ◽  
Andy Mulyana ◽  
Y. Yunita
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Food Price ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Price Increases ◽  
Household Survey Data ◽  
The Impact

PurposeUsing cross-sectional household survey data, this paper aims to determine the impact of food price increases on poverty in Indonesia.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses the quadratic almost ideal demand system applied to the 2013 Indonesian household survey data. The impact of food price increase on household welfare is calculated using a welfare measure, compensating variation.FindingsThree food groups with the most outstanding price impact on poverty are rice, vegetables and fish were studied. The 20% increase in the price of each food group causes an increase in the headcount ratio by 1.360 points (rice), 0.737 points (vegetables) and 0.636 points (fish). Maintaining food price stability for these food groups is very important because the more price increases, the more impact on poverty. Food price policies in rural areas are also more critical than in urban areas because the impact of food price increases in rural areas is higher.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper does not consider the positive impact of rising food prices on food-producing households.Practical implicationsImplementing appropriate poverty alleviation policies through food policies for main food groups and social protection.Social implicationsPromoting rural development policies and agricultural growth.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical results regarding the impact of domestic food prices increase on poverty in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Food Insecurity and the Double Burden of Malnutrition in Colombian Rural Households

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-39
Author(s):  
Ana María Sansón-Rosas ◽  
Jennifer Bernal-Rivas ◽  
Stan Kubow ◽  
Andrés Suarez ◽  
Hugo Melgar-Quiñonez
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Double Burden Of Malnutrition

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to examine in Colombian rural households the association between different severity levels of household food insecurity and the presence of the double burden of malnutrition (SCOWT), defined as the coexistence of a stunted child under five years and an overweight or obese (OWOB) mother. Design: A secondary data analysis was conducted using cross-sectional data from the Colombian National Nutritional Survey (ENSIN) 2015. Household food insecurity status was assessed by using the Latin-American and Caribbean Food Security Scale (ELCSA). The household SCOWT status (child stunting and OWOB mother) was determined using anthropometric data from a mother and her child. Setting: Rural Colombia Participants: 2.350 mother-child pairs living in the same household Results: Sixty-two percent of the households were food insecure and SCOWT was present in 7.8% of the households. Moderate (OR: 2.39 – CI: 1.36 - 4.21) and severe (OR: 1.86 – CI: 1.10 - 3.15) food insecurity was associated with SCOWT in an unadjusted logistic regression. Only moderate food insecurity remained significantly associated with SCOWT in a multivariate logistic regression (aOR: 2.41 - IC: 1.24 – 4.68). Conclusions: Colombian rural areas are not exempt from the worldwide concern of increasing OWOB rates while stunting is still persistent. These results highlight the need of implementing double duty rural actions targeting most vulnerable households to SCOWT, particularly in terms of overcoming food insecurity beyond hunger satisfaction to prevent all forms of malnutrition.

scholarly journals Cassava Productivity Growth in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Z. O. Oluwafemi ◽  
B. T. Omonona ◽  
A. O. Adepoju ◽  
F. A. Sowunmi
Keyword(s):  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Lower Productivity ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
High Level

Cassava has gained prominence in the world and has become economic crop in the Nigerian agricultural sector. Secondary data was used for this study. The required variables were extracted from General Household Survey Panel Data (GHS-P). The GHS-P is a nationally representative survey of households across Nigeria covering urban and rural sectors. Analytical tools used included Total factor productivity and Markov chain. 82% of populations of Cassava farmers are in the rural areas and close to 73% were young adults including both male and female involved in cassava production. Approximately 65% of the cassava based farmers were single that not yet married and most of the farmers were educated and about 80% and 98% of the cassava based farmers did not have access to credit facilities and extension personnel respectively. Generally, the cassava productivity growth was erratic and very small proportion of cassava farmers that were in lower productivity reduced overtime, while the minimal proportion of cassava farmers that moved into both moderate and high productivity increased overtime respectively.  Generally, there is more to be done to increase and attain sustainable high level cassava productivity growth in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Perbedaan asupan makan balita di perkotaan dan perdesaan pada provinsi dengan beban gizi ganda

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Puji Lestari ◽  
Susetyowati Susetyowati ◽  
Mei Neni Sitaresmi
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Carbohydrate Intake ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Total Diet Study ◽  
Average Intake ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
Diet Study ◽  
Double Burden Of Malnutrition ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Differences in food intake among children under five years in urban and rural areas in provinces with the double burden of malnutritionBackground: The double burden of malnutrition is one of the nutritional problems in children at national and global levels. Food intake is the main cause of the double burden of malnutrition. Differences in residence in urban and rural areas will affect food access which will have an impact on different food intake. Objective: To analyze the differences in energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrate intake of children under-fives in urban and rural areas in provinces with the double burden of malnutrition. Methods: This research used secondary data analysis using the Total Diet Study (TDS) 2014. The subjects of this study were 813 children in provinces with a dual burden of malnutrition that fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Provinces with the double burden of malnutrition are provinces with a prevalence of underweight children aged ≥24-59 months at >22.36% and a prevalence of overweight children age ≥24-59 months at >1.23%. Total Diet Study (TDS) data will provide information on food intake of children through recall results, differences in residence obtained from district classification data, the double burden of malnutrition data obtained from children nutritional status is overweight and underweight based on weight and age data of children processed using WHO-ANTRO software. Results: The average intake of energy, protein, and fat in the urban area are higher than in a rural area, but the average carbohydrate intake in an urban area is lower than in a rural area. The average intake of energy in urban was 1300.01 kcal, in rural areas was 1223.23 kcal (p=0.0008). The average intake of protein in urban was 55.03 g, in rural areas was 47.67 g (p<0.0001). The average intake of fat in urban was 47.99 g, in rural areas was 37.12 g (p<0.0001). The average intakes of carbohydrate in urban were 163.61 g, in rural areas was 178.88 g (p=0.0042).Conclusions: There are differences in energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrate intake of children under five years in urban and rural areas in provinces with the double burden of malnutrition.

Redistributive Nature of the Chinese Social Benefit System: Progressive or Regressive?

2010 ◽  
Vol 201 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Gao
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Social Benefit ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Chinese Society ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Policy Direction ◽  
Benefit System

AbstractUsing nationally representative household survey data and a revealing statistical method, this article investigates the redistributive nature of the Chinese social benefit system within urban and rural areas respectively and in the national context. Like many other dimensions of Chinese society, the redistributive nature of social benefits appeared to be a two-sided story: urban social benefits were much more generous and predominantly progressive, while rural social benefits were minimal and consistently regressive. The national social benefit system was redistributed regressively, but the extent of its regressivity decreased over time, suggesting an equity-oriented policy direction echoed by several recent government initiatives to support rural residents, migrants and the urban poor. The outcomes of these initiatives, especially their redistributive effects, require close observation and await evaluation.

scholarly journals Various forms of double burden of malnutrition problems exist in rural Kenya

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Fongar ◽  
Theda Gödecke ◽  
Matin Qaim
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiency ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Child Undernutrition ◽  
Rural Kenya ◽  
Double Burden Of Malnutrition ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Background The coexistence of overweight/obesity and undernutrition is often referred to as the double burden of malnutrition (DB). DB was shown to exist in many developing countries, especially in urban areas. Much less is known about DB in rural areas of developing countries. Also, the exact definition of DB varies between studies, making comparison difficult. The objective of this study is to analyse DB problems in rural Kenya, using and comparing different DB definitions and measurement approaches. Methods Food intake and anthropometric data were collected from 874 male and female adults and 184 children (< 5 years) through a cross-section survey in rural areas of Western Kenya. DB at the individual level is defined as a person suffering simultaneously from overweight/obesity and micronutrient deficiency or stunting. DB at the household level is defined as an overweight/obese adult and an undernourished child living in the same household, using underweight, stunting, wasting, and micronutrient deficiency as indicators of child undernutrition. Results DB at the individual level is found in 19% of the adults, but only in 1% of the children. DB at the household level is relatively low (1–3%) when using wasting or underweight as indicators of child undernutrition, but much higher (13–17%) when using stunting or micronutrient deficiency as indicators. Conclusion Various forms of DB problems exist in rural Kenya at household and individual levels. Prevalence rates depend on how exactly DB is defined and measured. The rise of overweight and obesity, even in rural areas, and their coexistence with different forms of undernutrition are challenges for food and nutrition policies.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic status and the double burden of malnutrition in Cambodia between 2000 to 2014: overweight mothers and stunted children

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Michelle K. Nakphong ◽  
Hiram Beltrán-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Maternal Employment ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Child Stunting ◽  
Double Burden Of Malnutrition ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Objective: The Cambodian population has experienced an increase in the proportion of stunted children who have overweight mothers during a period of rapid social and economic growth. We aimed to identify socioeconomic factors associated with this household-level double burden over time. Design: We used data from four Cambodia Demographic and Health Surveys from 2000 to 2014 to study the impact of socioeconomic status (SES) on the link between child stunting and overweight mothers in two periods 2000-2005 vs. 2010-2014. We hypothesized that SES would be a primary factor associated with this phenomenon. Participants: We included 14,988 children under age 5, among non-pregnant mothers aged 15-49 years of age and conducted analysis on a subsample of 1,572 children with overweight mothers. Setting: Nationally-representative household survey across all regions. Results: SES factors, specifically household wealth and maternal employment in service or manual occupations (in 2010-2014), are the main drivers of stunting among children of overweight mothers. Children with overweight mothers in the poorest households are more than twice as likely to be stunted than in the richest in both periods (2000-2005: aOR=2.53, 95%CI: 1.25, 5.13; 2010-2014: aOR=2.61, 95%CI: 1.43, 4.77), adjusting for other SES factors, indicating that despite decreasing income inequality, the poorest continue to bear excess risk of a double burden of malnutrition. Maternal short stature also doubled the likelihood of child stunting in both periods, which suggests intergenerational transmission of adversity and physical underdevelopment. Conclusions: Socioeconomic inequalities should be addressed to reduce disparities in the household-level double burden of malnutrition.

The double burden of chronic malnutrition and overweight and obesity in Ecuadorian mothers and children, 1986–2012

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilma B Freire ◽  
William F Waters ◽  
Gabriela Rivas-Mariño ◽  
Philippe Belmont
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Chronic Malnutrition ◽  
The Past ◽  
Double Burden Of Malnutrition ◽  
Nationally Representative

Background: The simultaneous presence of undernutrition and over-nutrition represents a paradox in global public health and is of increasing concern in Ecuador, where chronic malnutrition and overweight and obesity occur in the context of demographic and epidemiologic transitions. Two overlapping trends are present in Ecuador; while levels of stunting have decreased slowly in the past three decades, increasing proportions of children <5 years and women of reproductive age suffer from overweight and obesity. Aim: To analyze stunting and overweight and obesity in children <5 and their mothers aged from 15 to 49 years in the context of demographic and household characteristics between 1986 and 2012. Methods: This study compares data from nationally-representative surveys conducted in Ecuador in 1986, 2004, and 2012, each of which collected information on children <5 and mothers aged 15–49 years. Results: The prevalence of chronic malnutrition in children <5 decreased at different rates among Ecuadorians who differ in terms of residence, socioeconomic status, and mothers’ level of education, while overweight and obesity increased dramatically in the same period. Conclusion: Chronic malnutrition in children <5 and overweight in children <5 and mothers 15–49 years represent a double burden of malnutrition in Ecuador. The phenomena differ in their effects, and, while the prevalence of stunting is declining in Ecuador as it is in many parts of the world, the problem of overweight and obesity has emerged in dramatic fashion, and currently represents an extraordinary challenge to public health.

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