Implication for Public Policy: The Role of Government in The Enhancement of Human Development in the World of Work

1977 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 458-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidney Harman
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
The World

scholarly journals Standard of living, quality of life and per capita GDP: a South African experience

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 882-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael Tabani Mpofu
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Government Spending ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Per Capita

This study looked at the phenomenon of the quality of life (QoL) as measured by the Human Development Index (HDI), which is a composite statistic used to rank countries by the level of “human development”. Measuring and determining what is QoL is not an easy task. In this study, using HDI as the yardstick for QoL, the concepts of standard of living and per capita income were examined closely in relation to the role of government in its public expenditure programmes and how these programmes in turn influenced QoL. This research question was seen as the key to addressing the phenomenon of QoL. In particular, the role of government expenditure on health and education seems to signify the commitment of a government in improving the HDI or QoL. Using data on government expenditure of South Africa for the period 1995 to 2011, the relationships amongst these variables were examined. The findings indicate that there seems to be a significant correlation between HDI and government spending on health and education as a percentage of GDP, but there seems to be of no significance to include the variable government spending on health and education as a percentage of total government spending. The findings tell us that between 1995 and 2011, government spending on education as a percentage of GDP has had a positive impact on HDI. However, government spending on health as a percentage of GDP has had a retarding effect as shown by the negative coefficient of variation. It then implies that for South Africa to realize the MDG goals and improve on the HDI, public spending on health as a percentage of GDP needs to be significantly increased.

Higher Education, Social Welfare, and Corruption

2019 ◽  
pp. 54-78
Author(s):  
Marlene M. Mendoza-Macías
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Sustainable Human Development ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
The University ◽  
Social Management

The world is facing multiple changes and challenges; the environment shows inequalities, poverty, and corruption. Ecuador is not the exception. The man is declared the primary focus of the Ecuadorian Constitution to meet such changes. The objective of decreasing poverty, improving wealth distribution, and contributing to sustainable human development is unavoidable. In that context, the university has the pivotal role in generating interaction with society and its reality, to train professionals social and humanly responsible towards such facts, to promote the social management of knowledge from different action fields. The goal of this chapter is to specify the role of higher education institutions (HEIs) in a society where they take part, to draw up social responsibility of universities in Guayaquil and the challenges they face, as well as actions that contribute to the eradication of corruption and greater wellbeing of the society.

India’s Kochi Biennale: sponsorship, patronage, and art’s resistance

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-31
Author(s):  
Annamma Joy ◽  
Russell Belk
Keyword(s):  
Contemporary Art ◽  
Art World ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
International Context ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
Financial Power

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the meaning, in both local and international context, of the Kochi-Muziris Biennale (KMB), the first international exhibit of contemporary art in India. Kochi Biennale Foundation (KBF), which administers the KMB, identifies art as a means for transforming society, with a mission to bring global contemporary art to India and to present India’s modern art to the world. The authors further investigate the role of government sponsorship and corporate patronage in funding the KMB, and investigate how resistance through art is key to the KMB’s identity. Design/methodology/approach This study focuses primarily on published materials relating to the KMB. One of the authors attended the 2016 KMB and interviewed fellow attendees. Additionally, the authors reviewed and assessed social media postings regarding the 2016 KMB. Findings The authors argue that government sponsorship and corporate patronage are never solely about political or financial power. Rather, a generalized reciprocity among the three entities – corporations, the government and the artists – allows the KMB to flourish. For the artists involved, the KMB, co-founded by activist artists, sustains interest in and awareness of resistance. Originality/value Extant literature on biennales is sparse on ways in which these exhibits extend their impact beyond the art world. The authors examine issues such as India expanding its position on the world stage through art, and the implications of political resistance embraced by Indian artists on future directions for the KMB, that have heretofore been unaddressed.

scholarly journals Research on the Application of E-commerce to Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs): the Case of India

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Nguyen Xuan Trung ◽  
Dang Thai Binh ◽  
Dang Thi Thuy ◽  
Dong Thi Thuy Linh
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
The World ◽  
Fierce Competition ◽  
Medium Enterprises

SMEs account for a large propotion and play an important role in the development of each country in the world, including India. The globalization will bring many advantages for enterprises however SMEs will face fierce competition at the local, national and international level. In order to maintain and promote the important role of SMEs in the context of increased competition, SMEs have to change and adopt new technologies. E-commerce and digital technologies are bringing opportunities to help SMEs improve their competitiveness, narrow the gap with big enterprises thanks to their fairness and flexibility of the digital business environment. According to UNIDO (2017), India is one of the countries successfully applying e-commerce to SMEs. Contributing to this success is the important role of the Indian government. Therefore, this paper focuses on researching the application of e-commerce to SMEs in terms of the role of government in promoting and creating ecosystem for SMEs and e-commerce development.

scholarly journals Economic Analysis and the Shaping of Public Policy: A 1995 Farm Bill Perspective

1996 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-23
Author(s):  
Patrick O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Economic Models ◽  
Farm Policy ◽  
Farm Bill ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Traditional Process ◽  
Government Efficiency

AbstractThe 1995 Farm Bill debate proved different than many economists expected. It was overwhelmingly budget-driven. Few early concerns about the role of government, efficiency, equity, competitiveness, environment, rural development, and food were addressed. Economic analysis played a different role than anticipated. Models of who and how farm policy is made proved misleading; the debate circumvented the traditional process. Economic models were used more to perform budget accounting than substantive analysis. And their substantive analyses often failed to capture the attention of policymakers. Hence, while a reformist economist's dream, the bill leaves as many issues unanswered as it addresses.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT APPARATUS (DEVOTION) ON DEVELOPMENT OF BUREAUCRACY IN PUBLIC POLICY PERSPECTIVES IN THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0 ERA (R & D Study In Rancasari Riung Bandung District, Bandung City, West Java)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-30
Author(s):  
Ade Tutty R. Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Critical Policy Analysis ◽  
Performance Technology ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Critical Policy

ABSTRACT Problems related to public services include uncertainty over time, costs and ways of providing services to the community making poor service quality. The role of the Camat in the region is very important in terms of public services. The research focus is the Rancasari Riung sub-district of Bandung which requires synergy, measurable steps, coordinated to follow up on programmed problems that have not been effective. It is necessary to improve the ability of the government to be competent in providing services to the community and accepted in the industry, it requires the development of public policy bureaucracy and performance technology capacity. This study aims to improve the performance of government officials, especially the role of the Camat, to influence bureaucratic policy in the perspective of public policy, improve the ability of public service apparatus performance, create quality government, be able to play a role in the disruption and industrial revolution 4.0. Qualitative descriptive research method. Research results The role of Camat in the sub-district that was used as the focus of research in several aspects studied had not all had very good categories, especially related to quality and quality public services. Keywords: critical policy analysis, bureaucratic development, industrial revolution 4.0

scholarly journals China's economy: From past to future

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (S) ◽  
pp. 117-126
Author(s):  
Vito Tanzi
Keyword(s):  
Lower Growth ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
The Past ◽  
Technological Gap ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Negative Factors ◽  
Trade Wars ◽  
China’S Economy

AbstractWhy did China grow so fast in the past four decades? What were the main factors? Important ones were: attitude of government; opening to the world; role of culture; exploitation of technological gap; role of foreign trained students; and role of government in the creation of modern infrastructure. These factors are likely to play a much smaller role in the future while several negative factors –populism, trade wars, environmental obstacles, aging of the population, authoritarianism and others are likely to lead to significantly lower growth rates.

scholarly journals SOBRE A MOBILIDADE NO SISTEMA MUNDIAL: A RELEVÂNCIA DO CONCEITO DE SEMIPERIFERIA PARA OS PROJETOS DE DESENVOLVIMENTO NO SÉC. XXI

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Freitas
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
System Approach ◽  
World Economy ◽  
World System ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Capitalist World Economy ◽  
Capitalist World

The objective of this article is to discuss the relevance of the concept of semiperiphery to analyze the world system in the 21st century. First, the main concepts of the world-system approach will be analyzed. In the second part, a more in-depth examination of the question of the semi-periphery will be made through its political and economic characteristics. Later, we will examine the empirical attempts to define the semiperiphery, its role in the reproduction of the capitalist world-economy and the question of mobility in the world-system hierarchy. In conclusion, the role of government apparatus in the issue of development and overcoming the status of semi-periphery in the capitalist world-system will be highlighted.

scholarly journals Stress Could be a Major Contributing Factor in the Pathopenesis & Prognosis of COVID-19 in the Medical Team Professionals

BioMedica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2S) ◽  
pp. 39-40
Author(s):  
Shimaa Mohammad Yousof ◽  
Imrana Tanvir
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Medical Team ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Humoral And Cellular Immunity ◽  
The World

<p>The world with COVID-19 is in greatly challenging circumstances that can lead to stress for many reasons including the feeling of uncertainty and the worry about family members and friends. Chronic stress affects both humoral and cellular immunity. The role of government and public support for the health teams is demanded to help the health professionals overcome these stressors and therefore defeat the infection.</p>

Taxes in America

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard E. Burman ◽  
Joel Slemrod
Keyword(s):  
Income Tax ◽  
Tax Law ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
The World ◽  
Comprehensive Reform ◽  
Jobs Act ◽  
Answer Format

Arguments about taxation are among the most heated-no other topic is as influential to the role of government and the distribution of costs and benefits in America. But while understanding of our tax system is of vital importance, the complexity can create confusion. Two of America's leading authorities on taxes, Leonard E. Burman and Joel Slemrod, bring clarity in this concise explanation of how our tax system works, how it affects people and businesses, and how it might be improved. The book explores what makes a tax system fair, simple, and efficient, why our system falls short, and whether the new tax law promises much, if any, improvement. Accessibly written and organized in a clear, question-and-answer format, the book describes the intricacies of the modern tax system in an easy-to-grasp manner. It has been revised and updated to both explain the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) in 2017, the most comprehensive reform of its income tax system since 1986, and to examine its likely effects on individuals, businesses, and society. Among the questions discussed are: How much more tax could the IRS collect with better enforcement? How do tax burdens vary around the world? Why do corporations pay so little tax, even though they earn trillions of dollars every year? What kind of tax system is most conducive to economic growth? And, can taxes be fair?

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