Effects of nano-sized silica particles on the off-axis creep performance of unidirectional fiber-reinforced polymer hybrid composites

2020 ◽  
pp. 002199832097374
Author(s):  
MJ Mahmoodi ◽  
MK Hassanzadeh-Aghdam ◽  
M Safi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Micromechanical Model ◽  
Silica Nanoparticle ◽  
Creep Response ◽  
Interphase Region ◽  
Nanoparticle Agglomeration ◽  
Homogenization Approach

A multi-step homogenization approach is presented to predict the off-axis creep response of hybrid polymer matrix composites (HPMCs) reinforced with unidirectional carbon fibers and silica nanoparticles. The first step deals with evaluating the viscoelastic properties of silica nanoparticle-polymer nanocomposite using the Mori-Tanaka micromechanical model. Two essential features affecting the behavior, including silica nanoparticle agglomeration and interphase region generated due to the interaction between the nanoparticle and polymer are taken into account. In the second step, the off-axis viscoelastic behavior of HPMCs is extracted from the homogenized nanocomposite and carbon fiber properties using a unit cell-based micromechanical model. Some comparative studies between the predictions and available experiment are directed to verify the homogenization process. All the model predictions are in good agreement with the experimental data. The results indicate that with increasing the fiber off-axis angle from 0° to 90°, the presence of silica nanoparticles leads to a reduction in the HPMC creep compliance. Also, the proposed multi-step homogenization approach is applied to investigate the effects of volume fraction, size and agglomeration degree of silica nanoparticles; thickness and material properties of the interphase region; and off-axis angle and volume fraction of the carbon fiber on the HPMC creep response.

Interphase influences on the mechanical behavior of carbon nanotube–shape memory polymer nanocomposites: A micromechanical approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
MK Hassanzadeh-Aghdam ◽  
MJ Mahmoodi ◽  
R Ansari ◽  
A Darvizeh
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposites ◽  
Elastic Moduli ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Shape Memory Polymer ◽  
Micromechanical Model ◽  
Elastic Behavior ◽  
Interphase Region

The effects of interphase characteristics on the elastic behavior of randomly dispersed carbon nanotube–reinforced shape memory polymer nanocomposites are investigated using a three-dimensional unit cell–based micromechanical method. The interphase region is formed due to non-bonded van der Waals interaction between a carbon nanotube and a shape memory polymer. The influences of temperature, diameter, volume fraction, and arrangement type of carbon nanotubes within the matrix as well as two interphase factors, including adhesion exponent and thickness on the carbon nanotube/shape memory polymer nanocomposite’s longitudinal and transverse elastic moduli, are explored extensively. Moreover, the results are presented for the shape memory polymer nanocomposites containing randomly oriented carbon nanotubes. The obtained results clearly demonstrate that the interphase region plays a crucial role in the modeling of the carbon nanotube/shape memory polymer nanocomposite’s elastic moduli. It is observed that the nanocomposite’s elastic moduli remarkably increase with increasing interphase thickness or decreasing adhesion exponent. It is found that when the interphase is considered in the micromechanical simulation, the shape memory polymer nanocomposite’s elastic moduli non-linearly increase as the carbon nanotube diameter decreases. The predictions of the present micromechanical model are compared with those of other analytical methods and available experiments.

Simulation-based verification of homogenization approach in predicting effective thermal conductivities of wavy orthotropic fiber composite

2019 ◽  
Vol 08 (04) ◽  
pp. 1950015
Author(s):  
C. Mahesh ◽  
K. Govindarajulu ◽  
V. Balakrishna Murthy
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Micromechanical Model ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Micromechanics Models ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Homogenization Approach ◽  
Homogenized Model ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Thermal Conductivities

In this work, applicability of homogenization approach is verified with the micromechanics approach by considering wavy orthotropic fiber composite. Thermal conductivities of [Formula: see text]-300 orthotropic wavy fiber composite are determined for micromechanical model and compared with the results obtained by two stage homogenized model over volume fraction ranging from 0.1 to 0.6. Also, a methodology is suggested for reducing percentage deviation between homogenization and micromechanical approaches. Effect of debond on the thermal conductivities of wavy orthotrophic fiber composite is studied and compared with perfectly aligned fiber composite for different volume fraction. It is observed that results obtained by the homogenization approach are in good agreement with the results obtained through micromechanics approach. Maximum percentage deviation between homogenized and micromechanics models is 2.13%.

Effect of Carbon Fiber on Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 189-193 ◽  
pp. 365-368
Author(s):  
Xue Zheng Wang ◽  
Xiao Rui Song
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Fiber Volume Fraction ◽  
Squeeze Casting ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Hybrid Fiber ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Fiber Volume

In this study, the hybrid fiber prefabricated parts composed of short Al2O3 and carbon fiber are made successful by vacuum subatmospheric shaping method. The ZLl09 alloy reinforced by the prefabricated Al2O3 and carbon fiber are prepared by squeeze casting method with fiber contents. The effects of carbon fiber on fraction and wear properties of the hybrid composites with fixed Al2O3 fiber volume fraction 10% were investigated.

Static Bending and Free Vibration Analysis of Hybrid Fuzzy-Fiber Reinforced Nanocomposite Beam-A Multiscale Modeling

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (05) ◽  
pp. 1850053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Javad Mahmoodi ◽  
Mohsen Maleki ◽  
Mohammad Kazem Hassanzadeh-Aghdam
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Free Vibration ◽  
Natural Frequencies ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Micromechanical Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Free Vibration Analysis ◽  
Beam Deflection ◽  
Fiber Reinforced

Static and free vibration multiscale analysis of fuzzy-fiber-reinforced composite (FFRC) beam is investigated using a three-dimensional micromechanical model together with two-dimensional elasticity macromechanical theory. In the hybrid nanocomposite, aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are radially grown on the circumferential surfaces of carbon fibers. Influence of the carbon fiber orientation, volume fraction and arrangement; CNT volume fraction and interphase region characteristics on the FFRC beam deflection and natural frequencies are studied. Good agreements are reported for the presented results compared with available experiments and the other modeling strategies at both micro and macro levels. The results reveal that the FFRCs properties are strongly dependent on the carbon fiber off-axis angle. By increasing the off-axis angle from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text], the FFRC beam deflection sharply increases up to [Formula: see text] fiber angle and then its value decreases. It is shown that the growth of CNTs on the carbon fiber surface leads to the highest decrease in the beam deflection for 90[Formula: see text] coupon. Also, increasing the interphase thickness decreases the beam deflection and increases the natural frequencies, especially for [Formula: see text] coupon. Moreover, the increasing the interphase Young’s modulus gives maximum 1.74% increase in the natural frequencies.

Development of High Modulus/High Strength Carbon Fiber Reinforced Nanoparticle Filled Polyimide Based Multiscale Hybrid Composites

2010 ◽  
Vol 654-656 ◽  
pp. 2620-2623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimiyoshi Naito ◽  
Jenn Ming Yang ◽  
Yutaka Kagawa
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Particle Volume Fraction ◽  
High Strength ◽  
High Modulus ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Particle Volume ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced

The polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based and pitch-based carbon fiber-reinforced nanoparticle filled polyimide based multiscale hybrid composites have been fabricated using vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VaRTM) and autoclave curing. The carbon fibers used in this study were high tensile strength PAN-based (T1000GB) and high modulus pitch-based (K13D) carbon fibers. Fiber orientations of the T1000GB/K13D hybrid composites were set to [0(T1000GB)/0(K13D)]2S (T1000GB and K13D unidirectional layers were alternately and symmetrically laminated). The fiber volume fraction was 50 vol% (T1000GB: 24.9 vol%, K13D: 25.1 vol%). Polyimide used in this study was a commercially available polyimide precursor solution (Skybond 703). Four different types of nanoparticle (25nm-C, 20-30nm-β-SiC, 130nm-β-SiC and 80nm-SiO2) and particle volume fraction was 5.0 vol% used for the inclusion. The tensile properties and fracture behavior of T1000GB/K13D nanoparticle filled and unfilled hybrid composites have been investigated. For 25nm-C, 20-30nm-β-SiC and 80nm-SiO2 nanoparticle filled and unfilled hybrid composites, the tensile stress-strain curves show a complicated shape. By the high modulus pitch-based carbon fiber, the hybrid composites show the high modulus in the initial stage of loading. Subsequently, when the high modulus carbon fiber begin to fail, the high strength fiber would hold the load (strength) and the material continues to endure high load without instantaneous failure.

Influence of Multiwall Carbon Nanotube on mechanical and wear properties of Copper – Iron composite

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 7570-7576 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Sh. Hammood ◽  
S. S. Irhayyim ◽  
A. Y. Awad ◽  
H. A. Abdulhadi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Hydraulic Press ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Multiwall Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Multiwall Carbon

Multiwall Carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are frequently attractive due to their novel physical and chemical characteristics, as well as their larger aspect ratio and higher conductivity. Therefore, MWCNTs can allow tremendous possibilities for the improvement of the necessarily unique composite materials system. The present work deals with the fabrication of Cu-Fe/CNTs hybrid composites manufactured by powder metallurgy techniques. Copper powder with 10 vol. % of iron powder and different volume fractions of Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) were mixed to get hybrid composites. The hybrid composites were fabricated by adding 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, and 1.2 vol.% of MWCNTs to Cu- 10% Fe mixture using a mechanical mixer. The samples were compressed under a load of 700 MPa using a hydraulic press to compact the samples. Sintering was done at 900°C for 2 h at 5ºC/min heating rate. The microscopic structure was studied using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The effect of CNTs on the mechanical and wear properties, such as micro-hardness, dry sliding wear, density, and porosity were studied in detail. The wear tests were carried out at a fixed time of 20 minutes while the applied loads were varied (5, 10, 15, and 20 N). SEM images revealed that CNTs were uniformly distributed with relative agglomeration within the Cu/Fe matrix. The results showed that the hardness, density, and wear rates decreased while the percentage of porosity increased with increasing the CNT volume fraction. Furthermore, the wear rate for all the CNTs contents increased with the applied load.

Application of Silica Nanoparticles in the Determination of Herbicides in Environmental Water Samples Using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 748-756
Author(s):  
Mir Waqas Alam ◽  
Tentu Nageswara Rao ◽  
Yarasani Prashanthi ◽  
Vourse Sridhar ◽  
Adil Alshoaibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Silica Nanoparticle ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Functionalized Nanoparticles ◽  
Supporting Material

Background: Herbicides are very beneficial in the crop yield with the aid of controlling weeds within the agriculture, but several herbicides are chronic in soil. Objective: In this study, nanoparticles and the packages of synthesized novel silica nanoparticles were studied for the preconcentration of herbicides. Methods: These nanoparticles prepared by the Stöber mechanism were purified and functionalized. Nanoparticles thus prepared successfully were used as supporting material for the preconcentration of residues of herbicides in the water. Results: Preconcentration was achieved by preparing the silica-based solid-phase-extraction cartridges. Nanoparticles used for this purpose were within the range of 50-250 nm. An SPE cartridge was prepared by packing 200 mg of silica nanoparticle in the empty cartridge of diameter 5.5 cm and length 0.6 cm in between PTFE frits. Aqueous solutions of 0.1 μg/ml of herbicides were prepared separately, and 10 ml of the solution was passed through the cartridge at the rate of 0.2 ml/min. After passing 10 ml volume of the aqueous solution, residues adsorbed on the cartridge were eluted using 2 ml of acetonitrile. The eluate was injected to determine the herbicide residue adsorbed on the SPE cartridge. Conclusion: In the study, it was found that greater than 90% of the herbicide residues were trapped on silica nanoparticle-based SPE cartridge. An analytical method was developed for the simultaneous determination of these herbicides. The residues were quantified by LC-MS/MS with ESI mode.

Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles of Hydroxyurea: Potential

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumar Nishchaya ◽  
Swatantra K.S. Kushwaha ◽  
Awani Kumar Rai
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Silica Nanoparticle ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Lower Temperature

Background: Present malignant cancer medicines has the advancement of magnetic nanoparticles as delivery carriers to magnetically accumulate anticancer medication in malignant growth tissue. Aim: In the present investigation, a silica nanoparticles (MSNs) stacked with hydroxyurea were combined and was optimized for dependent and independent variables. Method: In this study, microporous silica nanoparticle stacked with neoplastic medication had been prepared through emulsification followed with solvent evaporation method. Prepared MSNs were optimized for dependent and independent variables. Different formulations were prepared with varying ratio of polymer, lipid and surfactant which affects drug release and kinetics of drug release pattern. The obtained MSNs were identified by FTIR, SEM, drug entrapment, in-vitro drug release, drug release kinetics study, stability testing in order to investigate the nanoparticle characteristics. Results: The percentage drug entrapment of the drug for the formulations F1, F2, F3, was found to be 27.78%, 65.52% and 48.26%. The average particle size for F2 formulation was found to be 520 nm through SEM. The cumulative drug release for the formulations F1, F2, F3 was found to be 64.17%, 71.82% and 32.68%. The formulations were found to be stable which gives controlled drug delivery for 6 hours. Conclusion: From the stability studies data it can be culminated that formulations are most stable when stored at lower temperature or in refrigerator i.e. 5˚C ± 3˚C. It can be concluded that MSN’s loaded with hydroxyurea is a promising approach towards the management of cancer due to its sustained release and less side effects.

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