Effect of sowing dates and late season water deficit stress on quantitative and qualitative traits of canola cultivars

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parisa Nazeri ◽  
Amir Hossein Shirani Rad ◽  
Seyed Alireza ValadAbadi ◽  
Mojtaba Mirakhori ◽  
Esmaeil Hadidi Masoule
Keyword(s):  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Oil Percentage ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Traits ◽  
Acid Percentage

To investigate the effects of sowing dates and late season water deficit stress on quantitative and qualitative traits of different canola cultivars, a 2-year field experiment was carried out in the 2014–2015 and 2015–2016 growing seasons. The experimental factors consisted of sowing date at two levels (7th and 27th October), irrigation at two levels (full irrigation and irrigation termination at silique formation stage) and four German canola cultivars including Trapper, Makro, Smilla, and Agamax. The results indicated that the main effects of sowing date, irrigation, and cultivar were significant on all studied characteristics except for harvest index. The interaction between sowing date and irrigation was also statistically significant on silique number per plant, oil percentage, linolenic acid, and erucic acid percentage. The results demonstrated that seed yield and its components oil percentage and oil yield, as well as oleic and linoleic acid percentage, decreased when sowing date was delayed until 27th October. Due to irrigation termination, all the studied traits decreased except for linolenic and erucic acid. Seed yield also decreased. The results suggest that to improve seed and oil yield, canola should be sown on 7th October and fully irrigated until physiological maturity stage in the study area.

scholarly journals Genotype and Sowing Date Effects on Seed Yield of Olitorius Jute in Late Season

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
ATMM Alam ◽  
MM Haque
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Branches

Feld experiments were conducted at four locations of Bangladesh (Manikgonj, Cumilla, Dinajpur and Joshore) to optimize sowing date for higher seed yield of jute in late sown condition. The experimental variables constituted with three genotypes (O-72, O-3820 and Acc.4311) and three sowing dates (31 July, 15 August and 30 August).Each experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatment combinations were assigned randomly and afresh randomization was followed in each replication. Results showed that the genotype Acc.4311, O-72 and O- 3820 produced maximum number of branches (5.40, 4.90 and 4.40, respectively) plant-1 on 15 August sowing at Manikgonj. The genotype Acc.4311 produced higher number of pods plant-1 than other two genotypes (O-72 and O-3820) in all sowing dates andat all the locations. The highest number of seedspod-1 (220.80) was found from the genotype Acc.4311grown at Manikgonj which was statistically similar (196.90) with that of the same genotype sown on the same date at Joshore. The highest thousand seed weight (2.478 g) was recorded from the seeds of genotype Acc.4311 sown on 15 August at Manikgonj followed by same genotype at Joshore.Finally, the genotype Acc.4311 sown on 15 August produced the highest seed yield (2.478 t ha-1) at Manikgonjwhich was significantly higher than those of sown on 31 July and 30 August at the same location. As the genotype Acc.4311 was found outstanding sown on 15 August over locations, this genotype may be considered promising for higher seed yield of olitorius jute in late season. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2019, 22(2): 83-89

Application of physiological understanding in soybean improvement. I. Understanding phenological constraints to adaptation and yield potential

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Lawn ◽  
A. T. James
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Interaction Effects ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Eastern Australia

The purpose of this paper and its companion1 is to describe how, in eastern Australia, soybean improvement, in terms of both breeding and agronomy, has been informed and influenced over the past four decades by physiological understanding of the environmental control of phenology. This first paper describes how initial attempts to grow soybean in eastern Australia, using varieties and production practices from the southern USA, met with limited success due to large variety × environment interaction effects on seed yield. In particular, there were large variety × location, variety × sowing date, and variety × sowing date × density effects. These various interaction effects were ultimately explained in terms of the effects of photo-thermal environment on the phenology of different varieties, and the consequences for radiation interception, dry matter production, harvest index, and seed yield. This knowledge enabled the formulation of agronomic practices to optimise sowing date and planting arrangement to suit particular varieties, and underpinned the establishment of commercial production in south-eastern Queensland in the early 1970s. It also influenced the establishment and operation over the next three decades of several separate breeding programs, each targeting phenological adaptation to specific latitudinal regions of eastern Australia. This paper also describes how physiological developments internationally, particularly the discovery of the long juvenile trait and to a lesser extent the semi-dwarf ideotype, subsequently enabled an approach to be conceived for broadening the phenological adaptation of soybeans across latitudes and sowing dates. The application of this approach, and its outcomes in terms of varietal improvement, agronomic management, and the structure of the breeding program, are described in the companion paper.

Exogenously used boron and 24-epibrassinolide improved oil quality and mitigate late-season water deficit stress in camelina

2021 ◽  
Vol 171 ◽  
pp. 113885
Author(s):  
Sajjad Aghdasi ◽  
Majid AghaAlikhani ◽  
Seyed Ali Mohammad Modarres-Sanavy ◽  
Danial Kahrizi
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Late Season

scholarly journals Effective Seed Yield and Flowering Synchrony of Parents of CIMMYT Three-Way-Cross Tropical Maize Hybrids

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Alberto A. Chassaigne-Ricciulli ◽  
Leopoldo E. Mendoza-Onofre ◽  
Leobigildo Córdova-Téllez ◽  
Aquiles Carballo-Carballo ◽  
Félix M. San Vicente-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Flowering Synchrony ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Grain Filling Period ◽  
Hybrid Maize

Genotype, environmental temperature, and agronomic management of parents influence seed yield in three-way cross hybrid maize seed production. The objective of this research was to generate information on the seed production of six three-way cross hybrids and their progenitors, adapted to tropical lowlands. Data on days to—and duration of—flowering, distance to spike and stigmas, and seed yield of five female single crosses and five male inbred lines were recorded for different combinations of four planting densities and four sowing dates in Mexico. The effect of planting density was not significant. The male inbred line T10 was the earliest and highest seed yield and T31 the latest, occupying second place in yield. The single crosses T32/T10 and T13/T14 were the earliest and had the highest effective seed yield. At the earliest sowing date, the females were later in their flowering, accumulated fewer growing degree days (GDD), and obtained higher yields since the grain-filling period coincided with hot days and cool nights. To achieve greater floral synchronization and therefore greater production of hybrid seed, differential planting dates for parents are recommended based on information from the accumulated GDD of each parent. The three-way cross hybrids were classified according to the expected seed yield of the females and the complexity in the synchronization of flowering of their parents.

scholarly journals Seed yield of two new quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) breeding lines as affected by sowing date in Central Italy

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo CASINI
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Saponin Content ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Stage Development ◽  
Sowing Period ◽  
Phenological Phases

<p>Research on the introduction of quinoa in Italy is currently lacking. The present research was aimed at identifying the correct sowing period. Field experiment was consucted in Cesa, Tuscany, in 2017. Two new breeding lines coded as DISPAA-Q42 and DISPAA-Q47-CB were utilized. Three sowing dates (SD) were implemented: February 23; March 17 and April 27. Results showed that the most successful SD was February 23. A significant decrease in both seed yield and a delay in phenological phases, relating to plant maturation and flowering was associated with the sequential delay in SD in both lines. Results also showed a significant effect of lines on yield, true-leaf stage development, flower development and maturity. Only DISPAA-Q42 was considered suitable for cultivation in the Tuscan environment. DISPAA-Q47-CB was the more susceptible line, due to the sequential delay in SD and delayed plant maturation. No effect between lines was evident for protein and saponin content. The present study clearly shows the potential for the successful cultivation of quinoa in Central Italy, and highlights the necessity of taking into consideration both breeding lines and SD in order to accomplish this goal.</p>

Sowing date affects yield components of canarygrass seed

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Bodega ◽  
M. A. De Dios ◽  
M. M. Pereyra Iraola
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Four Blocks ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Canarygrass (Phalaris canariensis L.) crops are sown from June to mid-September in the southeastern area of the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Sowing dates in this range result in different growing temperatures and photoperiods that affect the duration of developmental stages, biomass production, and seed yield and its components. For Argentina, there are no reported studies that address these effects. This study on the effects of sowing date was conducted during four growing seasons (1996–1999) at the Instituto Nacional de Tecnologí a Agropecuaria (INTA) Experimental Station at Balcarce, Argentina, using a population provided by Dr. Jaime Lloveras, University of Leyda, Spain. Different seeding dates were chosen from June to mid-September. The experiment was a randomized complete block design with four blocks. When the sowing date was delayed, total dry matter (DM) decreased. For early sowing dates seed yield was constant, but after 10 August it was reduced by 1.5% for each day of delay. Earlier sowing increased the duration of pre-anthesis development with greater uniformity in panicle size and the number of seeds. Seed yield was related lin early to the number of seeds and plant dry matter yield (DMY). The rate of progress from emergence to anthesis (1/days from emergence to anthesis) was proportional to the mean photoperiod. Under the environmental conditions in Balcarce, the accumulated required thermal units for anthesis was reduced when sowing was delayed from June to September. This reduction was related to the photoperiod and was estimated as –189.3 growing degree-days per hour of photoperiod increment. Key words: Canarygrass, seed yield, sowing date, yield components

Determinants of oil concentration and seed yield in canola and Indian mustard in the lower rainfall areas of Western Australia

2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 367 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Si ◽  
G. H. Walton
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Early Flowering ◽  
High Rainfall ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Oil Concentration

Oil concentration and seed yield of canola (Brassica napus) are usually low and variable when grown in the lower rainfall areas of Western Australia. This paper identifies determinants of oil concentration and seed yield in these areas. Through a series of cultivar × sowing date experiments at 5 lower rainfall locations and one high rainfall location as comparison, we evaluated the impact of sowing date, cultivar, and location on these 2 key agronomic traits. We also examined relationships between oil concentration, seed yield, and post-anthesis duration, post-anthesis temperature, and post-anthesis rainfall with a view to investigate the adaptive requirements of canola for the lower rainfall areas.Cultivars differed in their capacities to produce oil and seed yield. The ranking of cultivars for oil concentration, and seed yield to a lesser extent, remained constant across sowing dates and locations. Both seed yield and oil concentration decreased with delayed sowing. On average, oil concentration was reduced by 1.1 percentage points and seed yield by 309 kg/ha for every 2 weeks delay in sowing. The magnitude of reduction in oil concentration from delayed sowing was far greater in a low rainfall site at Mullewa than in the high rainfall site at Mt Barker.Later sowings shortened post-anthesis duration. With a given sowing date, early flowering cultivars resulted in longer post-anthesis duration. Oil concentration increased by 1.2 percentage points for a 10-day increase in post-anthesis duration. Both oil concentration and seed yield increased with higher post-anthesis rainfall and lower post-anthesis temperature. The rates of increase were 0.7 percentage points for oil and 116 kg/ha for seed yield for every 10-mm increase in post-anthesis rainfall. The rates of reduction were 0.68 percentage points for oil and 289�kg/ha for seed yield for every 1�C increase in post-anthesis temperature. These relationships suggest that a combination of an early date of sowing with an early flowering cultivar would be essential for the production of high yield and high oil canola in the lower rainfall areas. Indian mustard (B. juncea) showed tolerance to high temperature and water deficit, but the low yield potential makes it uneconomical with early sowing. Further improvement in seed yield could be dependent on increased tolerance of canola to high temperature and water deficit during seed growth and development.

scholarly journals Effect of soybean cultivars sowing dates on seed yield and its correlation with yield parameters

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Borowska ◽  
Janusz Prusiński
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Total Precipitation ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Sowing Dates

The article presents the effect of three sowing dates on the growth, development and yielding of four soybean cultivars of different earliness and under different temperature and precipitation conditions across the years. The seed yield from early sowing significantly correlated with the total precipitation in June and July, and at later dates, also with the total precipitation in August. The significantly highest soybean yields were collected from the sowing at a turn of April and May, and the highest seed and protein yield, as well as protein content in seed, were recorded for the mid-early Merlin cultivar. Neither the number and the seed weight per pod nor the 1 000-seed weight significantly depended on the sowing date. Over years, a significant, almost linear decrease in the plant height and the first pod setting height, the weight of nodules, the protein yield and the LAI (leaf area index) value was observed. High significant correlations were found between the seed yield and the plant height and the first pod setting height, as well as between the seed number and the seed weight per pod and the 1 000-seed weight as well as between the plant height and the first pod setting height.  

scholarly journals Influence of cut-off irrigation on seed quality and physiological indices of various safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) genotypes

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayed Mohammad Taghi Tabib Loghmani ◽  
Forood Bazrafshan ◽  
Omid Alizadeh ◽  
Bahram Amiri ◽  
Abdollah Bahrani
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Fars Province

Safflower (<em>Carthamus tinctorius</em> L.) is an oilseed crop adapted to arid and semiarid regions. In this study, an experiment was performed to evaluate the effects of water deficiency on plant height, 1,000-grain weight, seed yield, harvest index, relative water content (RWC), oil yield, and oil content in 15 safflower genotypes. A split-plot randomized complete blocks design was arranged with three replications. Safflower plants were grown under normal irrigation and water deficit conditions in Sarvestan, Fars Province, Iran during 2016 and 2017 growing seasons. Combined analysis results indicated that water deficit stress had negative effects on all measured indices. Average seed yield declined by 65.91% (2,337.91 to 796.79 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>) due to water deficit stress. Genotype also had a significant effect on evaluated indices, and the interaction between genotype and irrigation significantly influenced all indices except plant height. Under both conditions, highest RWC, seed yield, and oil yield were observed in Dincer and PI-537598 genotypes. Maximum plant height and 1,000-seed weight in both irrigation conditions were observed in the Dincer genotype. In the normal irrigation condition, maximum harvest index and oil content were observed in the CW-74 genotype. Thus, Dincer and PI-537598 were classified as the best genotypes (based on seed yield, RWC, and oil yield) under both normal irrigation and water deficit stress conditions.

scholarly journals Change in sowing date combined with water stress affects canola seed oil and fatty acid ‎composition

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (02) ◽  
pp. 368-377
Author(s):  
Zahra Biyouk ◽  
Saeed Sayfzadeh ◽  
Hamidreza Zakerin ◽  
Amir Hossein Shirani Rad ◽  
Esmaeil Hadidi Masouleh
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Cultivation Conditions ◽  
Late Season ◽  
High Seed Yield

To study the effect of sowing date and water stress on qualitative traits of canola, an experiment was conducted for two years in Iran. The sowing date and irrigation were in two levels as the main factors, and five canola cultivars and hybrids were included as the subfactors. In normal sowing date and normal irrigation conditions, The Tassilo hybrid with a high seed yield and seed oil yield (6139 and 2905 kg ha-1, respectively) can be effective in the cultivation of canola in temperate cold regions with dry and semi-arid climates. In the conditions of delayed cultivation and late season drought stress, the same hybrid with the highest seed yield and seed oil yield (2935 and 1273 kg ha-1, respectively) and the least amount of erucic acid (0.4%) and glucosinolate content (22.9 μmol g-1) is recommended for the delayed cultivation conditions together with late season drought stress.

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